3D-Printable Biopolymers for Socket Preservation Technique: Soft Tissues Response: A Pilot Randomised Clinical Study.

Background: The aim of the present parallel clinical study is to evaluate the efficacy of 3D-printed biopolymers compounded with osteoconductive material (beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite) for soft tissue closure after tooth extraction.

Materials And Methods: this study followed the CONSORT reporting guidelines; 39 patients were treated with socket preservation using 3D-printed biopolymers and randomly divided into 3 groups (Test 1, Test 2, and Control). All cases were treated without flap elevation, careful cleaning and debridement of the sites, and then randomly sealed as follows: In T1, with a 3D-printed disk of poli-D-lactic acid with 10% of hydroxyapatite; in T2, using a 3D-printed disk of poli-ε caprolactone with 20% of β-tricalcium phosphate; and in T3, the socket was left open to heal.

Black garlic exhibited hepatoprotective effect against monosodium glutamate-induced hepatotoxicity in animal model.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is commonly used as a flavor-enhancing agent in foods, and studies have demonstrated its toxic effects in animal models. Black garlic is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; however, there is a lack of studies on the potential hepatoprotective effect of black garlic ethanol extract (BGE) against MSG-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of ethanol extract of black garlic against MSG-induced liver damage in animal model.

Human tetraspanin CD81 facilitates invasion of into human epithelial cells.

Human CD81 and CD9 are members of the tetraspanin family of proteins characterized by a canonical structure of four transmembrane domains and two extracellular loop domains. Tetraspanins are known as molecular facilitators, which assemble and organize cell surface receptors and partner molecules forming clusters known as tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. They have been implicated to play various biological roles including an involvement in infections with microbial pathogens.

Retrospective study in 1020 cases on the rate of surgical site infections after lacrimal surgery without prophylactic systemic antibiotics.

Background/aims: Data regarding the effectiveness of prophylactic systemic antibiotics (PSA) in lacrimal surgery is scarce. Therefore, we determined the postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) rate in lacrimal surgery without PSA.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed files of patients who underwent external (extDCR) or endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (endoDCR).

Alterations in anthropometric, inflammatory and mental health parameters during Ramadan intermittent fasting in a group of healthy people: a prospective cohort study.

Fasting has been practiced with different time span in different areas of the world and for various reasons. One of the types of fasting regimens is Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF), which is described as intermittent dry fasting and known as the most commonly practiced form of religious fasting. Different studies have shown its effects on body composition parameters and mental health, fatigue and quality of life (QoL).

p38/MK2 signaling stimulates host cells autophagy pathways to restrict infection.

Autophagy plays an important role in recognizing and protecting cells from invading intracellular pathogens such as . In this work, we investigated the role of p38/MK2 in modulating the host cell susceptibility to infection. Inhibition of p38 or MK2 led to a significant increase of bacterial counts in infected mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), as well as in MK2-deficient () cells.

Determinant of parasite clearance and density on uncomplicated falciparum malaria infections in malaria-endemic area of Lampung Province, Indonesia.

Lampung is a malaria-endemic region in Indonesia with an annual parasite incidence of 0.06 per 1,000 population. The socio-demographic factors, clinical conditions, and artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) types might affect parasite clearance and parasite density.

Pathometagenomics reveals susceptibility to intestinal infection by Morganella to be mediated by the blood group-related B4galnt2 gene in wild mice.

Infectious disease is widely considered to be a major driver of evolution. A preponderance of signatures of balancing selection at blood group-related genes is thought to be driven by inherent trade-offs in susceptibility to disease. B4galnt2 is subject to long-term balancing selection in house mice, where two divergent allele classes direct alternative tissue-specific expression of a glycosyltransferase in the intestine versus blood vessels.

Gelatin-based hemostatic agents for medical and dental application at a glance: A narrative literature review.

Uncontrolled bleeding is linked to higher treatment costs, risk of post-surgical infection and increased disease and death. Hemostatic agents are used to treat excessive bleeding. A good hemostatic agent controls bleeding effectively, reduces the need for blood transfusion, removes the need for systemic drugs to control bleeding, results in shorter surgery time, and reduces the cost and length of hospital stay of the patient.

Tolerogenic dendritic cells pulsed with islet antigen induce long-term reduction in T-cell autoreactivity in type 1 diabetes patients.

Introduction: Restoration of immune tolerance may halt progression of autoimmune diseases. Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC) inhibit antigen-specific proinflammatory T-cells, generate antigen-specific regulatory T-cells and promote IL-10 production , providing an appealing immunotherapy to intervene in autoimmune disease progression.

Methods: A placebo-controlled, dose escalation phase 1 clinical trial in nine adult patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1D) demonstrated the safety and feasibility of two (prime-boost) vaccinations with tolDC pulsed with a proinsulin peptide.

A unique immune signature in blood separates therapy-refractory from therapy-responsive acute graft-versus-host disease.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is an immune cell‒driven, potentially lethal complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation affecting diverse organs, including the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We applied mass cytometry (CyTOF) to dissect circulating myeloid and lymphoid cells in children with severe (grade III-IV) aGVHD treated with immune suppressive drugs alone (first-line therapy) or in combination with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs; second-line therapy). These results were compared with CyTOF data generated in children who underwent transplantation with no aGVHD or age-matched healthy control participants.

B4galnt2-mediated host glycosylation influences the susceptibility to infection.

Histo-blood group antigens in the intestinal mucosa play important roles in host-microbe interactions and modulate the susceptibility to enteric pathogens. The gene, expressed in the GI tract of most mammals, including humans, encodes a beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase enzyme which catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of the Sd(a) and Cad blood group antigens by adding an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue to the precursor molecules. In our study, we found that loss of expression is associated with increased susceptibility to infection, a murine model pathogen for human enteropathogenic We observed increased histopathological changes upon infection in mice lacking B4galnt2 compared to -expressing wild-type mice.

Potential of L. Calyx (Rosella) extract as antibacterial agent in dental disease: Phytochemical and chemical components profiling.

Chemical characteristics of natural products are influenced by different external factors, varying according to the geographic origin. The ethanol extract of L calyx Indonesia has been studied and provide potential effect for dental field uses. Ethanol extract showed antibacterial to as an inducer gingivitis, had an effect on the treatment of oral mucosa ulceration, and could inhibit the development of alveolar bone destruction.

Diseases Severity, Genetic Variation, and Pathogenicity of Ceratocystis Wilt on Lansium domesticum in South Sumatra, Indonesia.

Ceratocystis wilt disease has caused significant mortality in duku (Lansium domesticum) since 2014 and has now spread to all districts in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Recently, 16 isolates from duku representing populations from various districts in South Sumatra were isolated. Analysis for the morphological characteristic of the isolate showed that the population has a uniform morphology.

-Cre-Mediated Genetic Deletion of Reveals a Role of Septins in Macrophage Cytokinesis and -Driven Tumorigenesis.

By crossing -floxed mice with -Cre mice carrying the Cre recombinase inserted in the Lysozyme-M () gene locus we aimed the specific deletion of septin7 in myeloid cells, such as monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes. :Cre mice show no alterations in the myeloid compartment. -deleted macrophages (BMDMs) were isolated and analyzed.

Ramadan Fasting in Germany (17-18 h/Day): Effect on Cortisol and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Association With Mood and Body Composition Parameters.

Ramadan fasting (RF) is a type of diurnal intermittent fasting. Previous studies reported the benefits of RF in healthy subjects on mood and health related to quality of life (QoL). Cortisol and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been shown to play a role in mood, body composition parameters, and health-related QoL.

Safety assessment of the root extract: Acute and subchronic studies.

This study was performed to assess the safety of the oral acute and subchronic administration of root extract through acute and subchronic studies in mice and rats, respectively. In the acute toxicity treatment, mice were grouped according to the dose (1000, 2000, 4000 and 5000 mg/kg, b.w) and were observed for mortality and toxicity signs for 14 days.

Identification and Characterization of Ceratocystis fimbriata Causing Lethal Wilt on the Lansium Tree in Indonesia.

Bark canker, wood discoloration, and wilting of the duku tree (Lansium domesticum) along the watershed of Komering River, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia first appeared in 2013. The incidence of tree mortality was 100% within 3 years in badly infected orchards. A Ceratocystis species was consistently isolated from the diseased tissue and identified by morphological and sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and β-tubulin regions.

GPA33 is expressed on multiple human blood cell types and distinguishes CD4 central memory T cells with and without effector function.

The Ig superfamily protein glycoprotein A33 (GPA33) has been implicated in immune dysregulation, but little is known about its expression in the immune compartment. Here, we comprehensively determined GPA33 expression patterns on human blood leukocyte subsets, using mass and flow cytometry. We found that GPA33 was expressed on fractions of B, dendritic, natural killer and innate lymphoid cells.

The role of the blood group-related glycosyltransferases FUT2 and B4GALNT2 in susceptibility to infectious disease.

The glycosylation profile of the gastrointestinal tract is an important factor mediating host-microbe interactions. Variation in these glycan structures is often mediated by blood group-related glycosyltransferases, and can lead to wide-ranging differences in susceptibility to both infectious- as well as chronic disease. In this review, we focus on the interplay between host glycosylation, the intestinal microbiota and susceptibility to gastrointestinal pathogens based on studies of two exemplary blood group-related glycosyltransferases that are conserved between mice and humans, namely FUT2 and B4GALNT2.

Proteoglycan-Dependent Endo-Lysosomal Fusion Affects Intracellular Survival of Typhimurium in Epithelial Cells.

Proteoglycans (PGs) are glycoconjugates which are predominately expressed on cell surfaces and consist of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) linked to a core protein. An initial step of GAGs assembly is governed by the β-D-xylosyltransferase enzymes encoded in mammals by the genes. PGs are essential for the interaction of a cell with other cells as well as with the extracellular matrix.

Relevance of inducible nitric oxide synthase for immune control of subspecies infection in mice.

subspecies (MAP) causes Johne's disease (JD), an incurable chronic intestinal bowel disease in ruminants. JD occurs worldwide and causes enormous economic burden in dairy industry. Research on JD pathobiology is hampered by its complexity which cannot completely be mimicked by small animal models.

Risk factors of tuberculosis infection among health care workers: A meta-analysis.

Backgrounds: Health care workers (HCWs) are globally known to have high risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection while risk factors of TB infections among HCWs are still inconclusive.

Objectives: To perform a meta-analysis in effort to identify risk factors of TB infection among HCWs.

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted between February and July 2019.

Multidimensional analyses of proinsulin peptide-specific regulatory T cells induced by tolerogenic dendritic cells.

Induction of antigen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs) in vivo is the holy grail of current immune-regulating therapies in autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes. Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) generated from monocytes by a combined treatment with vitamin D and dexamethasone (marked by CD52 and CD86 expression) induce antigen-specific Tregs. We evaluated the phenotypes of these Tregs using high-dimensional mass cytometry to identify a surface-based T cell signature of tolerogenic modulation.