Direct and indirect costs of acute diarrhea in children under five years of age in Indonesia: Health facilities and community survey.

Background: Diarrhea remains a major cause of child morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Reliable data on the economic burden of diarrhea is required to support the selection of appropriate health intervention programs. This study aimed to estimate the costs of acute diarrhea in children under five years of age in Indonesia, a large middle-income country with a substantial diarrheal burden.

Curcumin alters motor coordination but not total number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum of adolescent male Wistar rats.

Objective: The present study aimed at investigating the effects of curcumin on the motor coordination and the estimate of the total number of cerebellar Purkinje cells of adolescent Wistar rats exposed to ethanol.

Methods: The total of 21 male Wistar rats aged 37 d old were divided into three groups, namely ethanol, ethanol-curcumin, and control groups. The ethanol group received 1.

Addressing the high prevalence of gonorrhoea and chlamydia among female sex workers in Indonesia: results of an enhanced, comprehensive intervention.

Objectives: The authors developed a comprehensive STI-control programme to decrease gonorrhoea and chlamydia prevalence, and increase consistent condom use among brothel-based sex workers in Indonesia.

Methods: The STI-control programme for brothel-based sex workers in Bintan Island (Riau Islands) and Salatiga (Central Java) included (1) provision of adequate drugs for gonorrhoea and chlamydia as periodic presumptive treatment (PPT) followed by syndromic treatment; (2) condom-use promotion by involving the local community and ensuring sufficient condom supply. Endocervical samples were collected and tested for gonorrhoea and chlamydia by PCR.

Presence of antibody to human herpesvirus 6 in monkeys.

A serological survey of monkeys was conducted to determine the prevalence of antibody to human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). Two-hundred and fifteen sera from 10 species of monkeys were examined by an immunofluorescent antibody (IF) assay. The antibody was found in monkeys from eight of the 10 species examined, but was not detected in silvered lutongs or cotton-top tamarins.