Infrared imaging with visible light in microfluidic devices: the water absorption barrier.

Infrared spectro-microscopy is a powerful technique for analysing chemical maps of cells and tissues for biomedical and clinical applications, yet the strong water absorption in the mid-infrared region is a challenge to overcome, as it overlaps with the spectral fingerprints of biological components. Microfluidic chips offer ultimate control over the water layer thickness and are increasingly used in infrared spectro-microscopy. However, the actual impact of the water layer thickness on the instrument's performance is often left to the experimentalist's intuition and the peculiarities of specific instruments.

The Effect of Educational Videos Depicting The Impact of Smoking on Young Adults Smokers: A Qualitative Study.

Objective: The morbidity caused by smoking is increasing. Meanwhile, very few people access smoking cessation counseling in primary health care. Therefore, more massive and innovative efforts to increase motivation to quit smoking are needed.

Empirically derived formulae for calculation of age- and region-related levels of iron, copper and zinc in the adult C57BL/6 mouse brain.

Metal dyshomeostasis is associated with neurodegenerative disorders, cancers and vascular disease. We report the effects of age (range: 3 to 18 months) on regional copper, iron and zinc levels in the brain of the C57BL/6 mouse, a widely used inbred strain with a permissive background allowing maximal expression of mutations in models that recapitulate these disorders. We present formulae that can be used to determine regional brain metal concentrations in the C57BL/6 mouse at any age in the range of three to eighteen months of life.

Nutrient Composition of Indonesian Specialty Cereals: Rice, Corn, and Sorghum as Alternatives to Combat Malnutrition.

Stunted growth (stunting) caused by malnutrition is a growing concern in Indonesia. The nutritional composition of cereals is important information for improving people's nutrition. This research aimed to comparatively study the nutritional values of several Indonesian local cereal crops and provide a nutritional database for promoting local food with the aim of combating malnutrition.

The Influence of Polyvinyl Alcohol Porogen Addition on the Nanostructural Characteristics of Hydroxyapatite.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a porous material widely developed in various research fields because of its high biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low toxicity. In this research, HA was synthesized using a hydrothermal method with chicken eggshells as a calcium source and various concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol as a porogen (2.5%, 5.

The sodium does not affect joint pain and functional activity of knee osteoarthritis patients.

Background: The sodium may aggravate synovial inflammation and cartilage thinning. This incidence can cause joint pain and reduce functional activity. Not many people know the effect of sodium on the incidence of osteoarthritis.

Association between cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19 pneumonia outcome in Indonesia: a multi-center cohort study.

Background: COVID-19 is a pandemic affecting 185 countries, including Indonesia. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in COVID-19 patients were linked to worse clinical outcomes. However, the association remained inconclusive due to limited data in Indonesia.

Development of blood hemoglobin level early detection device based on a noninvasive optical platform.

Blood hemoglobin levels are a reliable indicator for anemia screening, which generally uses an invasive system or takes blood using a syringe. Spectrophotometry can work by "substituting" the use of a phlebotomy tube needle with electromagnetic wave radiation or light. This study aims to develop and carry out a noninvasive diagnostic test for measuring hemoglobin levels.

A High-Throughput Platform for Culture and 3D Imaging of Organoids.

The characterization of a large number of three-dimensional (3D) organotypic cultures (organoids) at different resolution scales is currently limited by standard imaging approaches. This protocol describes a way to prepare microfabricated organoid culture chips, which enable multiscale, 3D live imaging on a user-friendly instrument requiring minimal manipulations and capable of up to 300 organoids/h imaging throughput. These culture chips are compatible with both air and immersion objectives (air, water, oil, and silicone) and a wide range of common microscopes (e.

Factors associated with anti-retroviral therapy adherence among patients living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic causes fear and anxiety symptoms on some vulnerable populations such as patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH). Physical distancing (during consultation in the clinic) and isolation restrictions will likely have a negative impact on/disruption to all care continuum services of HIV diseases although healthcare services and access to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) have continued to operate.

Objective: To investigate the factors associated with ART adherence among PLWH during the COVID-19 pandemic.

High Pretreatment Level of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio, Monocyte to Lymphocyte Ratio and Other Factors Associated with Delayed Sputum Conversion in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Introduction: Patients with delayed intensive phase sputum conversion have a higher risk of multidrug resistant-tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and poorer treatment outcomes. Both, host (immune response and comorbidity) and pathogen factors play important roles in determining sputum conversion after treatment initiation. Impaired host immune response, especially the cellular components, as defined by the increased pre-treatment level of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and other additional factors, were associated with severe active TB.

The determinants of willingness to continuously use financial technology among university students: Dataset from a private university in Indonesia.

The dataset examines the two perceived benefit and risk factors that continuously influence university students' willingness to use financial technology (Fintech). A non-probability sampling technique was employed to target the study participants. A total of 436 students from a private university in Jakarta, Indonesia, completed a self-administered online questionnaire.

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura in an Obese Adult with Elevated Transaminase: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) cases are uncommon among adults due to their self-limiting nature and difficulty in diagnosis. The involvement of the hepatobiliary system and the effect of obesity is still not well understood among adults.

Case Description: A 28-year-old obese male presented with an acute onset of generalized palpable purpura, fever, abdominal discomfort, and arthralgias.

Molecular Dynamic Study of Mechanism Underlying Nature of Molecular Recognition and the Role of Crosslinker in the Synthesis of Salmeterol-Targeting Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Analysis of Salmeterol Xinafoate in Biological Fluid.

The rational preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in order to have selective extraction of salmeterol xinafoate (SLX) from serum was studied. SLX is an acting β-adrenergic receptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma and has an athletic performance-enhancing effect. Molecular dynamics were used for the simulation of the SLX-imprinted pre-polymerization system, to determine the stability of the system.

Occurrence of triploids in oil palm and their origin.

Background And Aims: Oil palms showing exceptional vigour and dubbed as 'giant palms' were identified in some progeny during breeding. A panel of phenotypical traits were studied to characterize these trees. The hypothesis that gigantism and other anomalies might be linked to polyploidy was investigated.

Preliminary study of coronavirus disease 2019 on pets in pandemic in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.

Background And Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute infectious respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has spread rapidly globally, resulting in a pandemic. In humans, the main routes of transmission are respiratory droplets and close contact with infected individuals or through contact with an object infected with the virus, followed by touching mouth, nose, or eyes. It is assumed that SARS-CoV-2 was originated in wild animals and was then transmitted to humans.

Clinical remission of rheumatoid arthritis in a multicenter real-world study in Asia-Pacific region.

Background: Clinical remission is an attainable goal for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). However, data on RA remission rates from multinational studies in the Asia-Pacific region are limited. We conducted a cross-sectional multicentric study to evaluate the clinical remission status and the related factors in RA patients in the Asia-Pacific region.

Impact of COVID-19 on the Gut: A Review of the Manifestations, Pathology, Management, and Challenges.

SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that can enter its hosts through the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor. ACE2 is mainly expressed in cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophageal epithelium and enterocytes from the ileum-colon. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has varying clinical symptoms and presents differently in individuals, ranging from asymptomatic carriers to moderate clinical spectrum with mild pneumonia clinical features, and to a severe clinical presentation with dyspnea and hypoxia, leading to death due to respiratory or multi-organ failure.

An Update on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Design through a Computational Approach to Produce Molecular Recognition Material with Enhanced Analytical Performance.

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) computational design is expected to become a routine technique prior to synthesis to produce polymers with high affinity and selectivity towards target molecules. Furthermore, using these simulations reduces the cost of optimizing polymerization composition. There are several computational methods used in MIP fabrication and each requires a comprehensive study in order to select a process with results that are most similar to properties exhibited by polymers synthesized through laboratory experiments.

Assessment of Anemia Status on Physical Development Skills of Children Under Two Years Old in Aceh, Indonesia.

Anemia and iron deficiency can cause detrimental effects on brain development, and continued iron deficiency anemia is known to interfere with development which results in a permanent delay in mental and Motor development. This study investigated the impact of anemia on physical development skills of under two years children in aceh besar district. A cross-sectional study design was applied to 102 under-two years children selected using cluster random sampling technique using village as cluster.

A Challenge in Diagnosis of Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (TB-IRIS).

Tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in HIV-infected patients is the sign and symptom of exacerbation, or radiological manifestation of (Mtb) infection, can describe the improvement of the immune system after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). No approved or explicit symptomatic tests for TB-IRIS exist, the diagnosis depends on the clinical manifestations. Here we report a TB-IRIS case with diagnostic challenges.

Japanese encephalitis virus infection in non-encephalitic acute febrile illness patients.

Although Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is considered endemic in Indonesia, there are only limited reports of JEV infection from a small number of geographic areas within the country with the majority of these being neuroinvasive disease cases. Here, we report cases of JEV infection in non-encephalitic acute febrile illness patients from Bali, Indonesia. Paired admission (S1) and discharge (S2) serum specimens from 144 acute febrile illness patients (without evidence of acute dengue virus infection) were retrospectively tested for anti-JEV IgM antibody and confirmed by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) for JEV infection.

Lichenoid Reaction Caused by Antihistamines and Corticosteroids.

Lichenoid reaction (LR) is clinically and histopathologically similar to lichen planus (LP), which involves the skin and mucous membrane. LR has identifiable etiology and can be triggered by systemic drug exposure or any other agents. LR occurs in all racial groups and is predominantly observed in young adults aged 20-40 years, but can occur in any age group.