Isolation, characterization, and application of a lytic bacteriophage SSP49 to control Staphylococcus aureus contamination on baby spinach leaves.

Staphylococcus aureus, a major foodborne pathogen, is frequently detected in fresh produce. It often causes food poisoning accompanied by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting. Additionally, the abuse of antibiotics to control S.

Global lineage evolution pattern of sars-cov-2 in Africa, America, Europe, and Asia: A comparative analysis of variant clusters and their relevance across continents.

Objective: The objective of this study is to provide a comparative analysis of variant clusters and their relevance across Africa, America, Europe, and Asia, in order to understand the evolutionary patterns of the virus across different regions and to inform the development of targeted interventions and genomic surveillance eforts.

Methods: The study analyzed the global lineage evolution pattern of 74, 075 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomes from 32 countries across four continents, focusing on variant clusters and their relevance across regions. Variants were weighted according to their hierarchical level.

Printed Electrode for High-Performance Bow-Tie Antenna by Photonic Sintering Process.

Recently, flexible electronic device technology has evolved beyond curved devices with the development of flexible/stretchable devices that can be crumpled or stretched. Both elasticity and durability are essential for these devices, which should have high-conductivity for antennas and repeatability for sensors. In addition, electronic-skins, which can have a direct impact on the human-body, should be harmless to the human-body and should not be deformed by contact with sweat or organic matter.

Undergraduate nursing students' palliative care knowledge and attitudes towards end-of-life care: a cross-sectional descriptive study.

Background: It is crucial that future nurses be prepared with the knowledge and skills to provide palliative care (PC).

Aims: This study aimed to investigate Mongolian nursing students' PC knowledge and attitudes towards end-of-life (EOL) care, as well as identify related predictors.

Methods: Participants were 141 students who enrolled in nursing program in Mongolia.

Transgenic Chickens Expressing the 3D8 Single Chain Variable Fragment Protein Suppress Avian Influenza Transmission.

The 3D8 single chain variable fragment (scFv) is a mini-antibody that causes unusual sequence-independent nuclease activity against all types of nucleic acids. We used recombinant lentiviruses to generate transgenic chickens expressing the 3D8 scFv gene under the control of the chicken β-actin promoter. From 420 injected embryos, 200 chicks (G0) hatched and were screened for the 3D8 scFv using PCR, and 15 chicks were identified as transgenic birds expressing the transgene in their semen.

Neural correlates of the eye dominance effect in human face perception: the left-visual-field superiority for faces revisited.

Faces are processed best when they are presented in the left visual field (LVF), a phenomenon known as LVF superiority. Although one eye contributes more when perceiving faces, it is unclear how the dominant eye (DE), the eye we unconsciously use when performing a monocular task, affects face processing. Here, we examined the influence of the DE on the LVF superiority for faces using event-related potentials.

Mutual regulation of tumour vessel normalization and immunostimulatory reprogramming.

Blockade of angiogenesis can retard tumour growth, but may also paradoxically increase metastasis. This paradox may be resolved by vessel normalization, which involves increased pericyte coverage, improved tumour vessel perfusion, reduced vascular permeability, and consequently mitigated hypoxia. Although these processes alter tumour progression, their regulation is poorly understood.

Hyponatremia Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality in clinical practice, and a differential diagnosis of the etiologic disorders is crucial because hyponatremia is associated with many different disease states including malignancies. Although only a few cases of hyponatremia with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been previously reported, the abnormal expression of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in tumor cells has not been demonstrated. We herein present a rare case of hyponatremia associated with the aberrant expression of AVP in tumor cells of HCC.

Measurement of the Nucleus Area and Nucleus/Cytoplasm and Mitochondria/Nucleus Ratios in Human Colon Tissues by Dual-Colour Two-Photon Microscopy Imaging.

We developed two-photon (TP) probes for DNA (ABI-Nu), cytoplasm (Pyr-CT), and mitochondria (BF-MT). We found that ABI-Nu binds to AT in the minor groove, while ABI-Nu and BF-MT are effective for tracking in the cytoplasm and mitochondria, respectively. These probes showed very large effective two-photon action cross section values of 2230, 1555, and 790 Göppert-Mayer units (1 GM  =  10(-50) cm(4) s photon(-1) molecule(-1)) at 740 nm with emission maxima at 473, 561, and 560 nm, respectively, in each organelle.

The mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase MARCH5 resolves MAVS aggregates during antiviral signalling.

Mitochondria serve as platforms for innate immunity. The mitochondrial antiviral signalling (MAVS) protein forms aggregates that elicit robust type-I interferon induction on viral infection, but persistent MAVS signalling leads to host immunopathology; it remains unknown how these signalling aggregates are resolved. Here we identify the mitochondria-resident E3 ligase, MARCH5, as a negative regulator of MAVS aggregates.

Differences in electrophoretic behavior between linear and branched PEG-conjugated proteins.

The objective of this study was to characterize the differences in electrophoretic behavior between linear and branched PEG-conjugated proteins. Human growth hormone and alpha-lactalbumin modified by linear or branched PEGs with molecular weight of 10 kDa were analyzed by SEC, MALDI-TOF MS, SDS-PAGE, and microchip CGE (MCGE). Chromatographic and mass spectrometric differences between the linear and branched PEG-proteins on SEC and MALDI-TOF MS were small, but their electrophoretic behaviors on SDS-PAGE and MCGE were significantly different.

Antiandrogen flutamide protects male mice from androgen-dependent toxicity in three models of spinal bulbar muscular atrophy.

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a late-onset, progressive neurodegenerative disease linked to a polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the androgen receptor (AR). Men affected by SBMA show marked muscle weakness and atrophy, typically emerging midlife. Given the androgen-dependent nature of this disease, one might expect AR antagonists to have therapeutic value for treating SBMA.

Stem cell-based delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene in the rat retina.

As an alternative to a viral vector, the application of stem cells to transfer specific genes is under investigation in various organs. Using this strategy may provide more effective method to supply neurotrophic factor to the neurodegenerative diseases caused by neurotrophic factor deprivation. This study investigated the possibility and efficacy of stem cell-based delivery of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene to rat retina.

Proteomic analysis of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma.

Sclerosing hemangioma (SH) is a rare benign pulmonary tumor derived from the primitive respiratory epithelium. However, the pathogenesis of SH has not yet been clear. Surfactant protein, thyroid transcription factor-1, epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin, and vimentin have been identified in SH by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy.

TNF-alpha induces the late-phase airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation through cytosolic phospholipase A(2) activation.

Background: Late-phase airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma is considered the event leading to persistent inflammation in the lungs, but the molecular mechanisms involved in this process are poorly understood.

Objective: To examine the role of TNF-alpha in the development of a late AHR and airway inflammation in asthma.

Methods: We established a murine model of asthma with not only biphasic AHR to methacholine but also airway eosinophilia.

In vivo excision and amplification of large human genomic segments using the Cre/loxP-and large T antigen/SV40 ori-mediated machinery.

In vivo excision and amplification of pre-determined large genomic segments, directly from the genome of a natural host, can be a powerful tool for obtaining the genomic sequences with minimum rearrangements. In this study, an in vivo excision and amplification system in human BJAB cells was devised by combining the Cre/loxP system of bacteriophage P1 and the large T antigen/SV40 ori system of Simian virus 40. Two loxP sequences, each of which serves as a recognition site for recombinase Cre, were integrated unidirectionally into 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of the human iNOS.

Comparison of embryotoxicity of ESBO and phthalate esters using an in vitro battery system.

Epoxidized soy bean oil (ESBO) and phthalate esters have been used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride products. In this study, the embryotoxicity of ESBO and phthalate esters, namely, diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was evaluated using short-term in vitro battery system, such as the whole embryo, midbrain and limb bud culture systems. Whole embryos at gestation day 9.

A Synthetic Pore-Mediated Transmembrane Transport of Glutamic Acid.

Transported to the other side: Cyclic D,L-α-peptides self-assemble in lipid bilayers into transmembrane ion channels that may allow efficient transport of glutamic acid. The molecular transport is size/shape selective, as evidenced by the high transport rates observed with cyclodecapeptide-based transmembrane pores but not with the smaller cyclooctapeptide analogue.