Comparison of QTc interval changes in drug-resistant tuberculosis patients on delamanid-containing regimens versus shorter treatment regimens.

Background: Delamanid (DLM) is a relatively new drug for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) that has been used in Indonesia since 2019 despite its limited safety data. DLM is known to inhibit hERG potassium channel with the potential to cause QT prolongation which eventually leads to Torsades de pointes (TdP).

Objective: This study aims to analyse the changes of QTc interval in DR-TB patients on DLM regimen compared to shorter treatment regimens (STR).

Treatment Strategy for Rifampin-Susceptible Tuberculosis.

Background: Tuberculosis is usually treated with a 6-month rifampin-based regimen. Whether a strategy involving shorter initial treatment may lead to similar outcomes is unclear.

Methods: In this adaptive, open-label, noninferiority trial, we randomly assigned participants with rifampin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis to undergo either standard treatment (rifampin and isoniazid for 24 weeks with pyrazinamide and ethambutol for the first 8 weeks) or a strategy involving initial treatment with an 8-week regimen, extended treatment for persistent clinical disease, monitoring after treatment, and retreatment for relapse.

Bedaquiline Effect on QT Interval of Drugs-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: Real World Data.

Background: Bedaquiline (BDQ) is effective as part of treatment regimen for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), but the cardiac safety profile of BDQ is not fully elucidated. This study aimed to analyse the cardiac safety of BDQ by examining its effect on the QT interval of DR-TB patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective study cohort conducted in two DR-TB referral hospitals in Indonesia.

Global Prevalence and Potential Influencing Factors of COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy: A Meta-Analysis.

Countries worldwide have deployed mass COVID-19 vaccination drives, but there are people who are hesitant to receive the vaccine. Studies assessing the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy are inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the global prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and determine the potential factors associated with such hesitancy.

Generalized Lesions of Kyrle's Disease: A Rare Case.

Kyrle's disease (KD) is a rare type of acquired perforating dermatosis (APD) associated with various systemic diseases, particularly chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus (DM). It most commonly occurs at the lower extremities. Generalized lesions of KD are rare.

Intermammary Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Case Report.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease clinically characterized by recurrent, deep-seated, painful, subcutaneous nodules, sinus tracts, and hypertrophic scarring. This disease affects hair follicles in the apocrine gland-bearing areas such as the axillae, buttocks, as well as the genital and perineal areas. In women, the predilection sites of HS include the anterior part of the body, most commonly on the breasts, inframammary area, and groin.

Chronic Venous Leg Ulcer in Klinefelter Syndrome Treated with Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Case Report.

Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are the most common causes of leg ulcers due to venous insufficiency. Most cases persist for more than 6 weeks, referred to as chronic VLUs. These chronic ulcers have been described as a manifestation of Klinefelter syndrome (KS).

Benefits of improved air quality on ageing lungs: impacts of genetics and obesity.

Introduction: The beneficial effect of improving air quality on lung function in the elderly remains unclear. We examined associations between decline in air pollutants and lung function, and effect modifications by genetics and body mass index (BMI), in elderly German women.

Methods: Data were analysed from the prospective SALIA (Study on the influence of Air pollution on Lung function, Inflammation and Aging) study (n=601).

Tropospheric ozone and skin aging: Results from two German cohort studies.

During the last two decades, it has been well established that a short-term exposure to ozone (O) elicits an oxidative stress response in human and mouse skin, which leads to aberrant transcriptional expression of genes consistent with increased skin aging. Whether a long-term exposure to ambient O is associated with any skin aging traits, has remained unclear. We addressed this question in two elderly German cohorts: the SALIA study (806 women aged 66-79 years), and the BASE-II study (1207 men and women aged 60-84 years).

Residential and school greenspace and academic performance: Evidence from the GINIplus and LISA longitudinal studies of German adolescents.

Background: Few studies have reported the association between greenspace and academic performance at school level. We examined associations between both residential and school greenspace and individual school grades in German adolescents.

Methods: German and maths grades from the latest school certificate, residential and school greenspace, and covariates were available for 1351 10 and 15 years old Munich children and 1078 Wesel children from two German birth cohorts - GINIplus and LISA.

Nonatopic eczema in elderly women: Effect of air pollution and genes.

Background: Although many risk factors have been described for atopic eczema in children, little is known about the eczema phenotype in middle-aged or elderly adults.

Objective: We sought to examine the association between air pollution, atopy, and eczema in adulthood.

Methods: This analysis was based on 834 women from the Study on the influence of Air pollution on Lung Function, Inflammation and Ageing cohort in Germany.

Air Pollution Exposure During Pregnancy and Symptoms of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder in Children in Europe.

Background: Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy may increase attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children, but findings have been inconsistent. We aimed to study this association in a collaborative study of eight European population-based birth/child cohorts, including 29,127 mother-child pairs.

Methods: Air pollution concentrations (nitrogen dioxide [NO2] and particulate matter [PM]) were estimated at the birth address by land-use regression models based on monitoring campaigns performed between 2008 and 2011.

[Epidemiological studies with environmental relevance in Germany].

Our environment is a major factor in determining health and well-being throughout life, from conception into old age. This overview illustrates the most important epidemiological studies and health monitoring systems in Germany, which investigate environmental influences in various population subgroups and estimate related health effects. Environmental factors examined in each study are described.

Impact of long-term air pollution exposure on metabolic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: results from the DPV registry.

Aims/hypothesis: Studies on the association between air pollution and metabolic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes are rare and findings are inconsistent. We examined the relationship between air pollution variables (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm [PM], NO and accumulated ozone exposure [O-AOT]) and metabolic variables (HbA and daily insulin dose [U/kg body weight]) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: We investigated 37,372 individuals with type 1 diabetes aged <21 years, documented between 2009 and 2014 in 344 German centres of the prospective diabetes follow-up registry (Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation [DPV]).

The role of air pollution and lung function in cognitive impairment.

Air pollution has been associated with impaired lung and cognitive function, especially impairment in visuo-construction performance (VCP). In this article, we evaluate whether the effect of air pollution on VCP is mediated by lung function.We used data from the SALIA cohort (baseline 1985-1994 and follow-up 2007-2010) including 587 women aged 55 years at baseline.

Urban upbringing and childhood respiratory and allergic conditions: A multi-country holistic study.

Objective: We integratively assessed the effect of different indoor and outdoor environmental exposures early in life on respiratory and allergic health conditions among children from (sub-) urban areas.

Methods: This study included children participating in four ongoing European birth cohorts located in three different geographical regions: INMA (Spain), LISAplus (Germany), GINIplus (Germany) and BAMSE (Sweden). Wheezing, bronchitis, asthma and allergic rhinitis throughout childhood were assessed using parental-completed questionnaires.

Associations of long-term exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise with cognitive function-An analysis of effect measure modification.

Background: Adverse effects of traffic-related air pollution (AP) and noise on cognitive functions have been proposed, but little is known about their interactions and the combined effect of co-exposure.

Methods: Cognitive assessment was completed by 4086 participants of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort study using five neuropsychological subtests and an additively calculated global cognitive score (GCS). We assessed long-term residential concentrations for size-fractioned particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides with land use regression.

Cutaneous Side Effects and Transepidermal Water Loss To Gefitinib: A Study of 11 Patients.

Introduction: Cutaneous side effects caused by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors occurred in 45-100% of patients which may lead to therapy modification or interruption. This study aimed to evaluate cutaneous side effects and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) values in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients who received gefitinib EGFR inhibitor.

Methods: A descriptive observational study with cross-sectional design and a consecutive sampling method was conducted from 1 February to 4 March 2016.

Long-term air pollution and traffic noise exposures and cognitive function:A cross-sectional analysis of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study.

Investigations of adverse effects of air pollution (AP) and ambient noise on cognitive functions are apparently scarce, and findings seem to be inconsistent. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of long-term exposure to AP and traffic noise with cognitive performance. At the second examination of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study (2006-2008), cognitive performance was evaluated in 4086 participants.

Traffic-related air pollution and hyperactivity/inattention, dyslexia and dyscalculia in adolescents of the German GINIplus and LISAplus birth cohorts.

Background: Few studies have examined the link between air pollution exposure and behavioural problems and learning disorders during late childhood and adolescence.

Objectives: To determine whether traffic-related air pollution exposure is associated with hyperactivity/inattention, dyslexia and dyscalculia up to age 15years using the German GINIplus and LISAplus birth cohorts (recruitment 1995-1999).

Methods: Hyperactivity/inattention was assessed using the German parent-completed (10years) and self-completed (15years) Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.

Residential greenness and blood lipids in children: A longitudinal analysis in GINIplus and LISAplus.

Introduction: There is some evidence of decreased cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and morbidity among adults residing in greener places. Among others, blood lipids are well established risk factors for CVD. In our previous study, we observed the inverse association between greenness and blood pressure in 10-year-old children.

Patients with secondary amenorrhea due to tuberculosis endometritis towards the induced anti-tuberculosis drug category 1.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease which can affect various organs, including human's genital organs such as the endometrium. Tuberculosis endometritis can cause clinical symptoms of secondary amenorrhea and infertility. Infertility in genital TB caused by the involvement of the endometrium.

Estrogen receptor beta polymorphisms and cognitive performance in women: associations and modifications by genetic and environmental influences.

Genetic and environmental risk factors contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia. Besides known genetic risk factors like the apolipoprotein (APO) Eε4 allele, single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs) of the estrogen receptors (ESRs) are candidate genetic risk factors, while air pollution represents an environmental risk factor for dementia. Effects of these risk factors and their interaction were investigated in the SALIA cohort of 834 non-demented elderly women.

Residential greenness is differentially associated with childhood allergic rhinitis and aeroallergen sensitization in seven birth cohorts.

Background: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis is high, but the role of environmental factors remains unclear. We examined cohort-specific and combined associations of residential greenness with allergic rhinitis and aeroallergen sensitization based on individual data from Swedish (BAMSE), Australian (MACS), Dutch (PIAMA), Canadian (CAPPS and SAGE), and German (GINIplus and LISAplus) birth cohorts (n = 13 016).

Methods: Allergic rhinitis (doctor diagnosis/symptoms) and aeroallergen sensitization were assessed in children aged 6-8 years in six cohorts and 10-12 years in five cohorts.