Damping Optimization and Energy Absorption of Mechanical Metamaterials for Enhanced Vibration Control Applications: A Critical Review.

Metamaterials are pushing the limits of traditional materials and are fascinating frontiers in scientific innovation. Mechanical metamaterials (MMs) are a category of metamaterials that display properties and performances that cannot be realized in conventional materials. Exploring the mechanical properties and various aspects of vibration and damping control is becoming a crucial research area.

Different germline variants in the XPA gene are associated with severe, intermediate, or mild neurodegeneration in xeroderma pigmentosum patients.

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by pathogenic variants in seven nucleotide excision repair genes (XPA to XPG) and POLH involved in translesion synthesis. XP patients have a >1000-fold increased risk for sunlight-induced skin cancers. Many Japanese XP-A patients have severe neurological symptoms due to a founder variant in intron 3 of the XPA gene.

Association Between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance with Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate.

This cross-sectional study was aimed to compare insulin resistance, Triglyceride- Glucose (TyG) index, fatty liver index (FLI) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI), glycaemic and lipids among groups/quartiles based upon estimated Glucose Disposal Rate (eGDR) from August 2022 to December 2022 among 249 male participants. The eGDR results in (mg/kg/min) were divided into four quartiles as: Group-I: {<6.88, n = 62}, Group-II: {<6.

Recent Advancements in Fluorometric and Colorimetric Detection of Cd Using Organic Chemosensors: A Review (2019-2024).

In recent decades, heavy metal ions have emerged as a significant global environmental concern, posing threats to the delicate balance of ecosystems worldwide. Their introduction into ecosystems occurs through various activities and poses a serious risk to human health. Among heavy metal ions, Cd is recognized as a highly toxic pollutant.

Medicinal and chemosensing applications of chitosan based material: A review.

Chitosan (CTS), has emerged as a highly intriguing biopolymer with widespread applications, drawing significant attention in various fields ranging from medicinal to chemosensing. Key characteristics of chitosan include solubility, biocompatibility, biodegradability and reactivity, making it versatile in numerous sectors. Several derivatives have been documented for their diverse therapeutic properties, such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant activities.

Need for Nation-wide Regulatory Laws to Govern Privacy and Genomic Data in Healthcare.

Null.

CDCA8, a mitosis-related gene, as a prospective pan-cancer biomarker: implications for survival prognosis and oncogenic immunology.

Background: Human cell division cycle-associated protein 8 (CDCA8), a critical regulator of mitosis, has been identified as a prospective prognostic biomarker in several cancer types, including breast, colon, and lung cancers. This study analyzed the diagnostic/prognostic potential and clinical implications of CDCA8 across diverse cancers.

Methods: Bioinformatics and molecular experiments.

Antimicrobial, antioxidant, cell imaging and sensing applications of fluorescein derivatives: A review.

Fluorescein itself is a synthetic organic compound and a prominent member of the xanthene dye family. It exhibits strong fluorescence under ultraviolet (UV) or blue light excitation, making it widely used in various applications, including fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, immunoassays, and molecular biology techniques. One of the reasons fluorescein derivatives are highly valuable is their tunable fluorescence properties.

Mobile Critical Care Recovery Program for Survivors of Acute Respiratory Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Over 50% of Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) survivors experience cognitive, physical, and psychological impairments that negatively impact their quality of life (QOL).

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a post-intensive care unit (ICU) program, the Mobile Critical Care Recovery Program (m-CCRP) consisting of a nurse care coordinator supported by an interdisciplinary team, in improving the QOL of ARF survivors.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized clinical trial with concealed outcome assessments among ARF survivors was conducted from March 1, 2017, to April 30, 2022, with a 12-month follow-up.

Retrospective study of efficacy and adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors in 22 xeroderma pigmentosum patients with metastatic or unresectable cancers.

Background: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a rare disease with defects in DNA repair genes, has >1,000-fold increased risk of ultraviolet-induced skin cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are used for treating cancers with large numbers of mutations but may also promote adverse events (AEs). Deficient DNA repair in XP patients may lead to increased numbers of mutations, leading to enhanced efficacy of cancer response or, alternatively, to increased AE in response to ICI.

Differences Between Conventional and Newer Anthropometric Measures Among Individuals with and without Fatty Liver Disease.

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted to compare conventional and emerging anthropometric measures among male participants with and without fatty liver disease (FLD). The objective was to assess differences and diagnostic efficiency of anthropometric-parameters using receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis at Combined Military Hospital Multan, NUMS from April to October 2022. Comparison for anthropometric measurements between non-FLD (n=164) vs.

Development of a population-level prediction model for intensive care unit (ICU) survivorship and mortality in older adults: A population-based cohort study.

Background And Aims: Given the growing utilization of critical care services by an aging population, development of population-level risk models which predict intensive care unit (ICU) survivorship and mortality may offer advantages for researchers and health systems. Our objective was to develop a risk model for ICU survivorship and mortality among community dwelling older adults.

Methods: This was a population-based cohort study of 48,127 patients who were 50 years and older with at least one primary care visit between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2017.

AI at Doorstep: ChatGPT and Academia.

Null.

Serum proteomic analysis in esophagectomy patients with postoperative delirium: A case-control study.

Background: Postoperative delirium occurs in up to 80% of patients undergoing esophagectomy. We performed an exploratory proteomic analysis to identify protein pathways that may be associated with delirium post-esophagectomy.

Objectives: Identify proteins associated with delirium and delirium severity in a younger and higher-risk surgical population.

Comparison of success and cost after retrieval of two inferior vena cava filters.

Objective: The objective of this study was to help guide inferior vena cava (IVC) filter choices by better understanding the retrieval characteristics, complications, and total costs between two commonly used IVC filters.

Methods: All patients who underwent retrieval or attempted retrieval of Denali (Bard Peripheral Vascular) or Option (Argon Medical Devices) IVC filters were identified between March 2016 and October 2021 at a single tertiary care center. Those with imaging studies that permitted evaluation of filter placement, presence or degree of tilt, and/or hooking of the filter into the IVC wall were included in the present study.

Association between Change in the peripheral biomarkers of inflammation, astrocyte activation, and neuroprotection at one week of critical illness and hospital mortality in patients with delirium: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: In critically ill adults with delirium, biomarkers of systemic inflammation, astrocyte activation, neuroprotection, and systemic inflammation measured at one week of critical illness may be associated with mortality.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: Intensive care unit (ICU).

Collaborative Team Training in Virtual Reality is Superior to Individual Learning For Performing Complex Open Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To assess whether multiplayer immersive Virtual Reality (iVR) training was superior to single-player training for the acquisition of both technical and nontechnical skills in learning complex surgery.

Background: Superior teamwork in the operating room (OR) is associated with improved technical performance and clinical outcomes. iVR can successfully train OR staff individually; however, iVR team training has yet to be investigated.

Risk factors for dementia in older intensive care unit (ICU) survivors.

Introduction: As the number of older intensive care unit (ICU) survivors grows, there is an urgent need to identify modifiable risk factors for post-ICU dementia.

Methods: We performed a secondary data analysis of 3144 ICU patients ≥ 50 years of age without a history of dementia or severe mental illness who were screened as part of the Pharmacological Management of Delirium (PMD) study. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU.

Cellulose acetate/MOF film-based colorimetric ammonia sensor for non-destructive remote monitoring of meat product spoilage.

Herein, we designed an on-site and portable colorimetric assay using cellulose acetate polymeric films incorporated with HKUST-1 metal-organic framework while immersed in a solution of methyl red and brilliant cresyl blue organic dyes as an indicator for monitoring ammonia levels. Ammonia serves as a significant biomarker of food spoilage which falls under the category of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The designed colorimetric solid-state sensor was comprehensively characterized using FE-SEM, EDS-mapping, XRD, FTIR, and contact angle analyses.

Optimal medical management in patients undergoing peripheral vascular interventions for chronic limb-threatening ischemia is associated with improved outcomes.

Objective: Optimizing medical management and risk factor modification are underused strategies in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), despite evidence of improved outcomes. The Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) registry is a tool to improve quality of vascular care. In this study, we used the VQI to evaluate trends in medical management in patients with CLTI undergoing peripheral vascular interventions (PVI), and the impact of changes in management on overall survival (OS), amputation-free survival (AFS), and limb salvage (LS).