Ultrafast Carrier Diffusion in Perovskite Monocrystalline Films.

Monocrystalline perovskite materials exhibit superior properties compared with polycrystalline perovskites, including lower defect density, minimal grain boundaries, and enhanced carrier mobility. Nevertheless, the preparation of large-area, high-quality single-crystal films, which could prove invaluable for photoelectronic applications, remains a significant challenge. The study of how their unique properties go beyond polycrystalline thin films is still missing.

Anti-Colon Cancer Effects of Lysate from Potential Probiotic Yeast Strains Derived from Human Breast Milk.

Breast milk contains a diverse array of symbiotic microorganisms, including beneficial probiotics. While most research has focused on the bacterial composition of breast milk, the fungal community (mycobiota) has received limited attention. In this study, we isolated and evaluated yeast strains from breast milk, demonstrating the safety and probiotic potential of four strains through hemolysis tests, antimicrobial activity, tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions, aggregation, cell adhesion, and antioxidant activity assays.

High-throughput single-cell analysis reveals Omp38-specific monoclonal antibodies that protect against infection.

Infections caused by () have emerged as a global public health concern because of high pathogenicity of this bacterium. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have a lower likelihood of promoting drug resistance and offer targeted treatment, thereby reducing potential adverse effects; however, the therapeutic potential of mAbs targeting i has not been fully characterized. In this study, mAbs against the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of were isolated in a high-throughput manner.

A novel hollow iron nanoparticle system loading PEG-FeO with C5a receptor antagonist for breast cancer treatment.

Breast cancer is the most diagnosed malignancy and major cause of cancer death among women population in the worldwide. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered iron-dependent regulated cell death involved in tumor progression and therapeutic response. Moreover, increasing studies have implied that ferroptosis is a promising approach to eliminating cancer cells like developing iron nanoparticles as a therapeutic agent.

Plant traits regulated metal(loid)s in dominant herbs in an antimony mining area of the karst zone, China.

Understanding how plant functional traits respond to mining activities and impact metal(loid)s accumulation in dominant species is crucial for exploring the driving mechanisms behind plant community succession and predicting the ecological restoration potential of these plants. In this study, we investigated four dominant herbaceous species (, , , and ) growing on antimony (Sb) mining sites (MS) with high Sb and arsenic (As) levels, as well as non-mining sites (NMS). The aim was to analyze the variations in functional traits and their contribution to Sb and As concentrations in plants.

Photophysical Properties of Submicrometer Ultrathin Perovskite Single-Crystal Films.

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite (OIHP) has attracted a great deal of interest with respect to diverse optoelectronic devices. However, the photophysical properties of the OIHP require further understanding because most of the investigations have been conducted with polycrystalline perovskites, which contain high-density structural defects. Here, diverse photophysical properties, including structural characterization, spectroscopic features, and photoexcited products, are studied in submicrometer CHNHPbBr ultrathin single-crystal (UTSC) films.

A crystal capping layer for formation of black-phase FAPbI perovskite in humid air.

Black-phase formamidinium lead iodide (α-FAPbI) perovskites are the desired phase for photovoltaic applications, but water can trigger formation of photoinactive impurity phases such as δ-FAPbI. We show that the classic solvent system for perovskite fabrication exacerbates this reproducibility challenge. The conventional coordinative solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) promoted δ-FAPbI formation under high relative humidity (RH) conditions because of its hygroscopic nature.

Immunopeptidome mining reveals a novel ERS-induced target in T1D.

Autoreactive CD8 T cells play a key role in type 1 diabetes (T1D), but the antigen spectrum that activates autoreactive CD8 T cells remains unclear. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) has been implicated in β-cell autoantigen generation. Here, we analyzed the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I)-associated immunopeptidome (MIP) of islet β-cells under steady and ERS conditions and found that ERS reshaped the MIP of β-cells and promoted the MHC-I presentation of a panel of conventional self-peptides.

Direct Hot-Electron Transfer at the Au Nanoparticle/Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Interface Observed with Ultrahigh Spatiotemporal Resolution.

Plasmon-induced hot-electron transfer at the metallic nanoparticle/semiconductor interface is the basis of plasmon-enhanced photocatalysis and energy harvesting. However, limited by the nanoscale size of hot spots and femtosecond time scale of hot-electron transfer, direct observation is still challenging. Herein, by using spatiotemporal-resolved photoemission electron microscopy with a two-color pump-probe beamline, we directly observed such a process with a concise system, the Au nanoparticle/monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) interface.

Sub-Second Long Lifetime Triplet Exciton Reservoir for Highly Efficient and Stable Organic Light-Emitting Diode.

In organic light-emitting diode (OLED), achieving high efficiency requires effective triplet exciton confinement by carrier-transporting materials, which typically have higher triplet energy (E) than the emitter, leading to poor stability. Here, an electron-transporting material (ETM), whose E is 0.32 eV lower than that of the emitter is reported.

Physiological responses of low- and high-cadmium accumulating Robinia pseudoacacia-rhizobium symbioses to cadmium stress.

The role of rhizobia in alleviating cadmium (Cd) stress in woody legumes is still unclear. Therefore, two types of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) with high and low Cd accumulation abilities were selected from 11 genotypes in China, and the effects of rhizobium (Mesorhizobium huakuii GP1T11) inoculation on the growth, CO and HO gas exchange parameters, Cd accumulation, and the absorption of mineral elements of the high (SX) and low Cd-accumulator (HB) were compared.

Direct Repair of Ruptured Nerve Stump to Middle Trunk for Restoration of Extrinsic Finger Extension in Total Brachial Plexus Injuries.

Background: Attempts to restore independent hand function in total brachial plexus injuries (TBPIs) have often failed due to inconsistent results of finger extension reconstruction. An innovative technique is described to achieve this effect by direct neurorrhaphy of residual (ruptured) roots with the middle trunk.

Methods: Direct coaptation of the ruptured roots to the middle trunk and, simultaneously, transferring the anterior division of the middle trunk to the posterior division of the lower trunk was performed in 64 patients with TBPI.

Non-targeted metabolomics study for discovery of hepatocellular carcinoma serum diagnostic biomarker.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant cancers worldwide. Due to the asymptomatic features of HCC at early stages, patients are often diagnosed at advanced stages and missed effective treatment. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify sensitive and specific biomarkers for HCC early diagnosis.

Mixed reality in primary retroperitoneal tumour surgery: Evaluation of preoperative and intraoperative application value.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and application value of mixed reality technology (MR) in Primary retroperitoneal tumour (PRT) surgery.

Methods: From 276 patients who underwent PRT resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, we screened 46 patients who underwent MR-assisted retroperitoneal tumour resection and 46 patients who underwent tumour resection without MR assistance. The intraoperative and postoperative recovery of the patients in both groups were compared, and the reliability and validity of the application of MR were further examined using the Likert scale.

Fabrication of Textured Ni-Coated Carbon Tubes for a Flexible Strain Sensor: Effect of the Device Elastic Modulus on Sensor Performance.

The exploration of flexible resistive sensors with excellent performance remains a challenge. In this paper, a nickel-coated carbon tube with a textured structure was prepared as a conductive sensitive material and inserted into the poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) polymer; interestingly, the sensor performance was controlled by the elastic modulus of the matrix resin. The results show that Pd may be adsorbed by the active groups on the surface of a plant fiber as a catalytic center for the reduction of Ni.

Separating Crystal Growth from Nucleation Enables the In Situ Controllable Synthesis of Nanocrystals for Efficient Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Colloidal perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) display bright luminescence for light-emitting diode (LED) applications; however, they require post-synthesis ligand exchange that may cause surface degradation and defect formation. In situ-formed PNCs achieve improved surface passivation using a straightforward synthetic approach, but their LED performance at the green wavelength is not yet comparable with that of colloidal PNC devices. Here, it is found that the limitations of in situ-formed PNCs stem from uncontrolled formation kinetics: conventional surface ligands confine perovskite nuclei but fail to delay crystal growth.

Active fluorescent modulation for low-noise super-resolution microscopy.

Extracting the position of individual molecular probes with high precision is the basis and core of super-resolution microscopy. However, with the expectation of low-light conditions in life science research, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) decreases and signal extraction faces a great challenge. Here, based on temporally modulating the fluorescence emission at certain periodical patterns, we achieved super-resolution imaging with high sensitivity by largely suppressing the background noise.

On-chip integrated exceptional surface microlaser.

The on-chip integrated visible microlaser is a core unit of high-speed visible-light communication with huge bandwidth resources, which needs robustness against fabrication errors, compressible linewidth, reducible threshold, and in-plane emission. However, until now, it has been a great challenge to meet these requirements simultaneously. Here, we report a scalable strategy to realize a robust on-chip integrated visible microlaser with further improved lasing performances enabled by the increased orders () of exceptional surfaces, and experimentally verify the strategy by demonstrating the performances of a second-order exceptional surface-tailored microlaser.

Differentially-expressed genes related to glutathione metabolism and heavy metal transport reveals an adaptive, genotype-specific mechanism to Hg exposure in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Rice consumption is an essential cause of mercury (Hg) exposure for humans in Asia. However, the mechanism of Hg transport and accumulation in rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) remains unclear.

A variety test platform for the standardization and data quality improvement of crop variety tests.

Variety testing is an indispensable and essential step in the process of creating new improved varieties from breeding to adoption. The performance of the varieties can be compared and evaluated based on multi-trait data from multi-location variety tests in multiple years. Although high-throughput phenotypic platforms have been used for observing some specific traits, manual phenotyping is still widely used.