Does the optimal level of illumination improve both visual functions and visual comfort in schoolchildren with low vision?

Lighting modification is commonly performed by optometrists and occupational therapists to enhance visibility and visual comfort among schoolchildren with low vision. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal illumination level for visual function and visual comfort of schoolchildren with low vision and the relationship between them. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess five levels of illumination ranging from 125 lux to 2000 lux to determine the optimal illumination for visual functions and visual comfort in schoolchildren with low vision from a special education school for blind in Malaysia.

Development of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for age-related macular degeneration patients.

Aim: To develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice of patients diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) who have undergone intravitreal injection treatment.

Methods: This study was conducted among patients diagnosed with AMD in Kuala Lumpur. The generation of the instrument included four phases which included item and domains development, content, face validity and exploratory factor analysis.

Myopia control with soft multifocal contact lenses: 18-month follow-up.

Purpose: The study aimed to establish the outcome of multifocal contact lenses (MFCL) (Multistage + 1.50D and Proclear + 3.00D) on myopia progression and axial length elongation over an 18-month period.

Association between Socioeconomic Status and Vision Screening Outcomes among Preschool Children in Klang Valley, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Vision screening programmes' outcomes are routinely used to report the prevalence of vision anomalies in children. However, the association between vision screening outcomes and the children's socioeconomic status remains underexplored. This cross-sectional study determined the association between socioeconomic and birth status with vision screening outcomes in a sample of children in Klang Valley.

Incidence and predictors of postpartum depression among postpartum mothers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A cross-sectional study.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is one of the mental health complications that may arise following childbirth. This cross-sectional study explores the association between socioeconomic factors and PPD literacy with PPD incidence in 350 participants (mean age: 30.58±4.

Baseline Optical Coherence Tomography Parameters That May Influence 6 Months Treatment Outcome of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy Eyes with Combination Therapy: A Short-Term Pilot Study.

Although optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters have assisted in the diagnosis of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), its potential to evaluate treatment outcomes has not been established. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate baseline OCT parameters that may influence treatment outcome in PCV eyes with combination therapy. In this single-centered, prospective study, patients were recruited with at least one treatment-naïve PCV eye and treated with combination therapy of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and photodynamic therapy.

Visual Parameters and Retinal Morphology for Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy Pre- and Post-Intravitreal Ranibizumab with or without Photodynamic Therapy: A Short-Term Prospective Study.

The objective of this study was to compare visual parameters and retinal layers' morphology pre-treatment (baseline) and 6 months post-treatment in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) eyes. A single centre, longitudinal, prospective study was conducted at a public tertiary hospital of Malaysia. Visual parameters including distance and near visual acuity (DVA and NVA), contrast sensitivity (CS), reading speed (RS), and different qualitative and quantitative optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters were evaluated pre- and 6 months post-treatment.

Association between reduced visual-motor integration performance and socioeconomic factors among preschool children in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study.

Visual-motor integration (VMI) is related to children's academic performance and school readiness. VMI scores measured using the Beery-Bucktenicka Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (Beery-VMI) can differ due to differences in cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds. This study compared the VMI scores of Malaysian preschoolers with the corresponding US norms and determined the association between their VMI scores and socioeconomic factors.

Double Eyelid Tape Wear Affects Anterior Ocular Health among Young Adult Women with Single Eyelids.

Many East Asians apply double eyelid tape to create the double eyelid effect temporarily as a means of increasing their beauty. This study evaluated the effects of four-week wear of double eyelid tape on anterior ocular health in young adult women with single eyelids. Twenty-nine participants who met the inclusion criteria were recruited.

Correlation between Visual Functions and Retinal Morphology in Eyes with Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

In early and intermediate age related macular degeneration (ARMD), visual acuity alone has failed to explain the complete variation of vision. The aim of the present study was to determine correlation between different visual functions and retinal morphology in eyes with early and intermediate ARMD. In this single center cross sectional study, patients diagnosed as early or intermediate ARMD in at least one eye were recruited.

Patient-Perceived Benefit of Treatment in Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy: A Pilot Study.

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), a subtype of neovascular age-related macular degeneration, requires repeated treatment. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate and compare vision-targeted quality of life (QOL) at baseline and after 6 months of treatment in patients with PCV. Naive PCV patients were recruited.

The Correlation between Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and Hyperreflective Dots (HRD) in Diabetic Patients.

Hyperreflective dots (HRD) are activated retinal microglial cells induced by retinal inflammation in diabetic patients. This study was conducted to compare the HRD count of normal and diabetic subjects; to determine the correlation between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and HRD count; to determine HbA1c cut-off levels for the appearance of HRD in diabetic patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted among normal and diabetic patients.

Distribution of Refractive Errors among Healthy Infants and Young Children between the Age of 6 to 36 Months in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia-A Pilot Study.

Uncorrected refractive error, especially myopia, in young children can cause permanent visual impairment in later life. However, data on the normative development of refractive error in this age group is limited, especially in Malaysia. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of refractive error in a sample of infants and young children between the ages of 6 to 36 months in a prospective, cross-sectional study.

HbA1c and retinal sensitivity in diabetics using microperimetry.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between HbA1c values and retinal sensitivity at central 10° using the MP-1 microperimeter.

Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 32 healthy subjects (control group) and 60 diabetic patients. The diabetic patients were divided into 2 groups.

Effects of contact lens wearing on keratoconus: a confocal microscopy observation.

Aim: To evaluate the corneal cell morphology of new keratoconus patients wearing two different types of rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses for 1y.

Methods: Thirty nine eyes of 39 new keratoconus patients were selected and randomly fitted with two types of RGP contact lenses. Group 1 had 21 eyes with regular rigid gas-permeable (RRGP) contact lens and rest 18 eyes were in group 2 with specially designed rigid gas-permeable (SRGP) contact lens.

Peripheral refraction with different designs of progressive soft contact lenses in myopes.

The purpose of this study was to compare the changes in relative peripheral refractive error produced by two different designs of progressive soft contact lenses in myopic schoolchildren. Twenty-seven myopic schoolchildren age between 13 to 15 years were included in this study. The measurements of central and peripheral refraction were made using a Grand-Seiko WR-5100K open-field autorefractometer without correction (baseline), and two different designs of progressive contact lenses (PCLs) (Multistage from SEED & Proclear from Cooper Vision) with an addition power of +1.

In vivo slit scanning confocal microscopic observation in a patient with moderate and severe keratoconus: a case report.

A 22-year-old Indian female was referred to Sg Buloh hospital with the diagnosis of bilateral keratoconus. On examination, slit lamp biomicroscopy and corneal topography revealed stage 3 keratoconus in the right eye and stage 2 keratoconus in the left eye. Corneal cell morphology in both eyes was evaluated using confocal microscope.

The Relationship Between Tear Ferning Patterns and Non-invasive Tear Break-up Time in Normal Asian Population.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between tear ferning patterns (TFP) and non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) in normal Asian subjects.

Methods: One hundred and forty-five adults with no ocular surface disorders were recruited. TFP and NIBUT were determined.

Macular retinal sensitivity using MP-1 in healthy Malaysian subjects of different ages.

Purpose: To determine the influence of age and gender on macular sensitivity to light in healthy subjects of 4 age groups using the MP-1 microperimeter.

Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 50 healthy subjects (age range: 18-60 years) divided into 4 age groups; 18-30 years, 31-40 years, 41-50 years and 51-60 years. Full-threshold microperimetry of the central 10° of retina was performed utilizing 32 points with the MP-1.

Special tinted contact lens on colour-defects.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the visual function of colour-deficient subjects when wearing special red tint contact lenses.

Materials And Methods: A total of 17 subjects with congenital colour vision deficiency (14 deutans and 3 protans), voluntarily participated in this study. The average age for the subjects was 23.

Macular thickness as determined by optical coherence tomography in relation to degree of myopia, axial length and vitreous chamber depth in Malay subjects.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationship between macular thickness and spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) and vitreous chamber depth (VCD) in Malay subjects.

Methods: Sixty-three subjects (aged 19-24 years) with a mean SER of -1.79 ± 2.

Refractive status of children under the age of three years born premature without retinopathy of prematurity.

Objectives: A cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine and compare the refractive status of premature children without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and full term children below the age of three years.

Materials And Methods: Seventy children were examined. One group comprised of 40 children born premature without ROP and another group consisted of 30 children born full term and normal.

Effect of petroleum derivatives and solvents on colour perception.

Background: Occupational exposure to various neurotoxic chemicals has been shown to be associated with colour vision impairment. It seems that this can occur at low exposure levels, sometimes well below the recommended occupational threshold limits. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of exposure to petroleum derivatives (polyethylene, polystyrene) and solvents (perchloroethylene) on colour perception.

Spectral sensitivity in eyes with macular holes and their fellow eyes.

Background: This prospective study was undertaken to investigate whether spectral sensitivity can be useful in determining the prognosis of fellow eyes of eyes with macular holes.

Methods: Spectral sensitivity measurements using a one degree test spot presented at a rate of 1 Hz and 25 Hz on a bright (1000 td) white background were carried out on 10 patients aged between 67 and 74 years (mean age 70.3 +/- 2.