Effect of Diafenthiuron exposure under short and long term experimental conditions on hematology, serum biochemical profile and elemental composition of a non-target organism, Labeo rohita.

Diafenthiuron is a thiourea compound that has a novel mode of action as it inhibits mitochondrial functioning in insect pests. It has been reported in local newspapers that this pesticide is entering in our fresh water bodies on regular basis and it is a potential threat for aquatic life. The present study was designed to determine effect of Diafenthiuron, a commonly used pesticide in Pakistan, on the hematology, serum biochemical profile and elemental composition of a non-target organism, Labeo rohita (L.

Torsion of a wandering spleen: an unusual abdominal catastrophe.

Wandering spleen is a rare clinical entity characterised by splenic hypermobility resulting from laxity or maldevelopment of the suspensory gastrosplenic, splenorenal, and phrenicocolic ligaments. Diagnosis is quite difficult, especially in children because of the lack of symptoms and signs until splenic torsion have occurred. An array of investigations is possible but US with color Doppler, CT with intravenous contrast and MRI are frequently being used to diagnose wandering spleen with or without torsion.

Neonatal testicular torsion; a review article.

Neonatal testicular torsion, also known as perinatal testicular torsion is a subject of debate among surgeons. Neonatal testicular torsion either intrauterine or postnatal results into extravaginal torsion which is a different entity than intravaginal type but has the same devastating consequences if not diagnosed and managed well in time. Testicular torsion results into acute ischemia with its resultant sequelae such as abnormality of testicular function and fertility.

Microorganisms resistant to heavy metals and toxic chemicals as indicators of environmental pollution and their use in bioremediation.

Microorganisms present in water samples from various industrial effluents were analysed for their resistance to lead, chromium, and cadmium. The ability of these microorganisms to grow on or metabolize toxic hydrocarbons and pesticides was also checked. Microorganisms in samples from the steel and tanning industries were generally resistant to metal ions but were not capable of metabolizing toxic hydrocarbons.

Biocidal activity of Bacillus species for Anopheles larvae.

It is generally accepted that Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) is specifically toxic to some insects but does not pose any threat to the environment, operators, or consumers.

Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in cultured endothelial cells by increased glucose concentration: prevention by calphostin C.

Nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) plays a pivotal role in early gene responses by promoting messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis for various cell-adhesion molecules and inducible nitric oxide synthase. In this study, we examined whether increases in glucose concentration enhance NFkappaB expression in nuclear fractions of endothelial cells by using electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were incubated in media containing 5.

Synergistic inhibition of T-lymphoblastic leukemic CCRF-CEM cell growth by gallium and recombinant human alpha-interferon through action on cellular iron uptake.

Gallium, a metal with clinical antineoplastic activity, is known to inhibit cellular iron uptake and iron-dependent DNA synthesis. Little information exists regarding the efficacy of gallium in combination with other agents. Since alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha) can modulate the action of certain chemotherapeutic drugs, we examined its influence on the growth inhibitory effects of gallium in CCRF-CEM cells.

Effect of retinoids on nuclear retinoic acid receptors mRNA in adipose tissue of retinol-deficient rats.

In this study, we examined effects of retinol deficiency and three retinoids, all-trans-retinoic acid, 13-cis-retinoic acid, and etretin, the aromatic derivative of retinoic acid on nuclear retinoic acid receptor isoforms alpha, beta, and gamma mRNA in rat adipose tissue. Retinol deficiency caused an almost 50% decrease in isoform beta mRNA levels of adipose tissue, whereas little change occurred in the abundance of alpha and gamma isoforms transcripts in this tissue. Intragastric administration of all-trans-retinoic acid to retinol-deficient rats increased the adipose tissue retinoic acid receptor isoforms beta and gamma mRNA levels sixfold and twofold, respectively, in 4 h as compared to adipose tissue of retinol-deficient rats that were administered cottonseed oil.

Retinol deficient diet decreases binding activity of testicular fatty acid-binding protein.

Fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) activity was determined in livers and testes of retinol sufficient, retinol deficient, and also in a group of retinol deficient rats, which were refed 100 micrograms of retinyl acetate for four hours. [14C]palmitoyl CoA binding assay was used to estimate the binding activity of FABP. In retinol sufficient and retinol deficient groups, liver FABP bound 431 and 446 pmol [14C]palmitoyl CoA/mg cytosolic protein respectively.

Ontogeny of fatty acid-activating enzyme in rat liver and lung.

Fatty acyl CoA synthetase (FACS) activities were investigated in fetal, neonatal and adult liver and lung. Lung microsomal FACS activity increased near term, declined after birth and reached adult values in 30-day-old rats. Liver microsomal FACS did not show these changes near term.