Prevalence and risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium spp. infection in young domestic livestock in India.

A total of 938 faecal samples (461 cattle calves, 264 buffalo calves, 55 lambs, 116 kids and 42 piglets) from different livestock farms and individual small holdings in six targeted states of India were collected and screened by modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and its association with age, sex, season and faecal consistency in domesticated animals. Overall, 16.

Medical students' views on the migration of doctors: self-interest vs altruism.

The migration of doctors from developing to developed countries is an ongoing phenomenon. There is scant information on the attitudes of medical students to the ethical aspects of this trend. This paper reports on a study of 50 first-year medical students and 52 interns in a college in Vellore city, Tamil Nadu.

Comparison of low-dose ketamine to midazolam for sedation during pediatric urodynamic study.

Introduction: Aim of sedation during pediatric urodynamic studies (UDS) is a calm and cooperative child while not affecting measurements. We compared the effectiveness of midazolam to low-dose ketamine infusion for sedation and their impact on urodynamics.

Materials And Methods: ASA-I children undergoing UDS were randomly assigned to group K (ketamine) loading dose (0.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis with oral manifestations: a rare and unusual case report.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), is a rare, proliferative disorder in which the accumulation of pathologic Langerhans cells leads to local tissue infiltration and destruction. We present a case of a 32 years old, completely edentulous female patient who presented with erythema of hard palate, maxillary alveolar mucosa and mucosa over the distobuccal part of mandibular alveolar ridge with foci of ulcerations. Histopathologic features were suggestive of LCH which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry which was CD1a positive, confirmatory for LCH.

Antitubercular nitrofuran isoxazolines with improved pharmacokinetic properties.

A series of tetracyclic nitrofuran isoxazoline anti-tuberculosis agents was designed and synthesized to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of an initial lead compound, which had potent anti-tuberculosis activity but suffered from poor solubility, high protein binding and rapid metabolism. In this study, structural modifications were carried on the outer phenyl and piperidine rings to introduce solubilizing and metabolically blocking functional groups. The compounds generated were evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity, bacterial spectrum of activity, solubility, permeability, microsomal stability and protein binding.

Significant gas uptake enhancement by post-exchange of zinc(II) with copper(II) within a metal-organic framework.

Coordination of a tetratopic nitrogen-rich linker with Zn(2+) under solvothermal conditions afforded a Zn-based metal organic framework (MOF), where the Zn(II) ions could be exchanged by Cu(II) ions in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal fashion leading to a new Cu-based MOF. Such transformation induces a significant enhancement in gas sorption along with a high selectivity towards CO(2) over N(2) and CH(4).

Experimental and theoretical studies on pyrene-grafted polyoxometalate hybrid.

A novel pyrene covalently-attached polyoxometalate (POM) hybrid has been synthesized and fully characterized. The attractive electronic and photophysical properties of pyrene derivatives make the hybrid promising for studying and understanding electron transfer mechanisms in organic-functionalized POMs. The hybrid has an electronic absorption at 450 nm, indicating that there is a strong electronic interaction between the organic pyreneimido group and inorganic hexamolybdate cluster.

Isolation and molecular structures of novel organotellurium(IV) halides, oxyhalide and mixed halide.

The formation of chiral (R)-[2-(4-ethyl-2-oxazolinyl)phenyl]tellurium(IV) trihalides (trichloride (5), tribromide (6) and triiodide (7)) and (R)-[2-(4-ethyl-2-oxazolinyl)phenyl]tellurium(II) bromide (8) is described. The molecular structure of the first chiral organotellurium(IV) triiodide (7) is discussed. The most interesting feature of the structure of 5 is the observation of the shortest intramolecular TeN distance for any organotellurium(IV) trichloride.

Cervical epidural anesthesia in post stroke patients: are we safe?

The role of regional anesthetic techniques such as cervical epidural and inter-scalene brachial plexus blockade (ISB) in rehabilitated stroke patients remains uncertain. We present a case of rehabilitated stroke patient with reactive airway disease, which was managed using cervical epidural anesthesia for an above the elbow amputation. We further discuss the implications of the performance of cervical epidural anesthesia in post stroke patients.

UV-visible photoluminescence of TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal method.

TiO(2) colloidal nanoparticles and nanocrystals are prepared by hydrolysis of titanium isopropoxide employing a surfactant-free synthetic hydrothermal method. The synthesized samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), HRTEM and FTIR. The XRD study confirms that the size of the colloidal nanoparticle is around 4 nm which the HRTEM analysis indicates the sizes of the colloidal nanoparticles are in the range of 2.

Development of micro-shock wave assisted dry particle and fluid jet delivery system.

Small quantity of energetic material coated on the inner wall of a polymer tube is proposed as a new method to generate micro-shock waves in the laboratory. These micro-shock waves have been harnessed to develop a novel method of delivering dry particle and liquid jet into the target. We have generated micro-shock waves with the help of reactive explosive compound [high melting explosive (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) and traces of aluminium] coated polymer tube, utilising ∼9 J of energy.

Bilateral traumatic patellar fracture: a case report and review of literature.

Simultaneous isolated bilateral patellar fractures are very rare injuries and most often associated with systemic disorders such as hyperparathyroidism, osteoporosis, stress fracture and kidney failure. Isolated bilateral traumatic fracture of patella following an unusual mode of injury is seldomly reported in the literature. We reported such a case following a road traffic accident without any associated injuries or co-morbid condition.

Spatiotemporal mapping of brain atrophy in mouse models of Huntington's disease using longitudinal in vivo magnetic resonance imaging.

Mouse models of Huntington's disease (HD) that recapitulate some of the phenotypic features of human HD, play a crucial role in investigating disease mechanisms and testing potential therapeutic approaches. Longitudinal studies of these models can yield valuable insights into the temporal course of disease progression and the effect of drug treatments on the progressive phenotypes. Atrophy of the brain, particularly the striatum, is a characteristic phenotype of human HD, is known to begin long before the onset of motor symptoms, and correlates strongly with clinical features.

Dibromidochlorido{2-[(dimethyl-amino)-meth-yl]phenyl-κN,C}tellurium(IV).

The title compound, C(9)H(13)Br(2)ClNTe, was synthesized by reacting [2-(dimethyl-amino-meth-yl)phen-yl]tellurium(II) chlor-ide with Br(2). As a consequence, the Cl and Br atoms are not well ordered but distributed over the three possible positions such that the overall stiochiometry is two Br atoms and one Cl atom. The scrambling of the Br and Cl atoms indicates a small energy barrier for the exchange process between the apical and equatorial positions.

Chlorido{2-[(dimethyl-amino)-meth-yl]phenyl-κN,C}tellurium.

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(9)H(12)ClNTe, contains isolated mol-ecules with no close Te⋯Cl inter-molecular contacts and has the same composition as a previously published structure [Engman et al. (2004 ▶). Phospho-rus Sulfur Silicon Relat.

Membranous nephropathy and granulomatous interstitial nephritis due to tuberculosis.

Tuberculous involvement of the genitourinary tract is well reported in the literature. However, reports of glomerular lesions of the kidney due to tuberculosis are rare. Tuberculosis has been identified as the most common infectious cause of granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN).

Neonatal line as a linear evidence of live birth: Estimation of postnatal survival of a new born from primary tooth germs.

Background: The presence of neonatal line indicates live birth and it is possible to estimate the exact period of survival of the infant in days by measuring the amount of postnatal hard tissue formation, and thus can be an evidence to the brutal act of infanticide.

Materials And Methods: Primary tooth germs of both the arches were removed from the sockets of an infant who died few days after birth. Ground sections were made with hard tissue microtome.

Intraoral presentation of multiple malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors associated with neurofibromatosis-1.

Neurofibromatosis-1 (NF-1) is a relatively common autosomal dominant disease characterized by multiple cutaneous fibromatoses and café au lait spots. It is associated with the mutation of NF-1 gene, a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 17q11.2.

Evaluation of the accuracy, precision and validity of hydrophilic vinyl polysiloxane impression material for bite mark analysis.

The present study was undertaken to assess the accuracy, precision and validity of hydrophilic Vinyl Poly Siloxane [VPS] impression material for bite mark documentation and analysis. Medium body VPS impressions of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth among thirty subjects were taken and dental stone casts prepared. Hollow volume overlays were made and metric analysis was done using advanced imaging software like Adobe Photoshop - 9 and Image J.

Role of micro-structure and interfacial properties in the higher photocatalytic activity of TiO2-supported nanogold for methanol-assisted visible-light-induced splitting of water.

This paper deals with the textural, microstructural and interfacial properties of Au/TiO(2) nanocomposites, in relation to their photocatalytic activity for splitting of water. TiO(2) samples of two different morphologies were employed for dispersing different cocatalysts, such as: Au, Pt, Ag or Cu, for the sake of comparison. The samples were characterized using powder XRD, XPS, UV-visible, thermoluminescence, SEM, HRTEM and SAED techniques.

Modeling the interfacial tension in oil-water-nonionic surfactant mixtures using dissipative particle dynamics and self-consistent field theory.

We use two mesoscale simulation methods, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) and self-consistent field theory (SCFT), to model interfacial tension in ternary oil/water/surfactant mixtures. For model systems where the oil is dodecane and the surfactant is a linear alkyl ethoxylate, the two methods show a good semiquantitative agreement among themselves and with experimental data. We further discuss the advantages and limitations of the two methods and their possible use for surfactant screening in specific industrial applications.

Proton pump inhibitors: use, misuse and concerns about long-term therapy.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used in acid-related disorders of the stomach and oesophagus. Treatment with PPIs is usually extended indefinitely for maintaining symptom control, putting the patient at risk of adverse effects. On the other hand, there is also a tendency for physicians to prescribe these drugs unnecessarily for minor dyspepsia.

Needleless vaccine delivery using micro-shock waves.

Shock waves are one of the most efficient mechanisms of energy dissipation observed in nature. In this study, utilizing the instantaneous mechanical impulse generated behind a micro-shock wave during a controlled explosion, a novel nonintrusive needleless vaccine delivery system has been developed. It is well-known that antigens in the epidermis are efficiently presented by resident Langerhans cells, eliciting the requisite immune response, making them a good target for vaccine delivery.

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I--a focus on oral disease in a young child.

This paper presents a case of the moderate form of Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 (LAD-1) in a 4 year-old boy. LAD-1 is a rare, inherited immunodeficiency that affects 1 in 1 million people yearly. Affected patients are susceptible to recurrent bacterial and fungal infections, impaired pus formation and delayed wound healing.