Acute toxicity effects of ethylene glycol on lethal dose 50 (LD), urine production, and histopathology change renal tubule cell in mice.

Background: The LD (lethal dose causing 50% mortality) of ethylene glycol (EG) and its associated toxicity in mice () were assessed by evaluating kidney function.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the acute toxicity of an oral lethal dose of 50% (LD) of EG, also degeneration, necrosis, and inflammatory cell invasion in kidney tubules of male rats () as an animal model.

Methods: There were 66 DDG (Deutschland Denken Yoken) mice in 11 groups of six in this investigation.

Navigating monkeypox: identifying risks and implementing solutions.

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by the virus, a double-stranded DNA virus that belongs the virus family. It is known to infect both animals (especially monkeys and rodents) and humans and causes a rash similar to smallpox. Humans can become infected with monkeypox virus (MPXV) when they get in close contact with infected animals (zoonotic transmission) or other infected people (human-human transmission) through their body fluids such as mucus, saliva, or even skin sores.

Prevalence and molecular detection of A and D genes from livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated in raw chicken meats sold in Abakaliki, Nigeria.

Background: Due to its deadly toxins and ability to produce enzymes, the commensal bacterium is found in animals, birds, and people. It may also be linked to certain medical disorders

Aim: This study was aimed at the prevalence and molecular detection of A and D genes from livestock-associated methicilin-resistant (LA-MRSA) in raw chicken meats sold in Abakaliki.

Methods: The butchers in the slaughterhouses provided 150 fresh raw chicken meat samples, which were then cultured and purified using mannitol salt agar.

Avian pathogenic : Epidemiology, virulence and pathogenesis, diagnosis, pathophysiology, transmission, vaccination, and control.

Avian pathogenic (APEC) causes colibacillosis in poultry; this type of bacteria is an extraintestinal pathogen . Unlike other pathogen groups, the characteristics of APECs cannot be identified by a single group. Serotyping and biotyping are frequently performed for isolates found in colibacillosis infections.

A comprehensive review of paratuberculosis in animals and its implications for public health.

Paratuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by subspecies (MAP). Typically, ruminant animals including cattle, buffalo, goats, and sheep are infected with MAP. Animals get infected with MAP in a number of ways, such as by eating or drinking contaminated food or water, or by nursing from an infected mother who may have contaminated teats or directly shed the organism in milk or colostrum.

Ultrastructural morphology of second and third-stage larvae of inside paratenic host tissue.

Background: is a known cause of a zoonotic infectious illness called toxocariasis. Parathenic hosts are important as they can transmit larvae 2 (L) through direct transmission. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques are needed to provide a three-dimensional image of each stage of larvae.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome developments: An in-depth review of recent findings.

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus (PRRSV) belonging to the Arteriviridae family is the cause of PRRS disease. After being discovered for the first time in the United States in 1987, this illness quickly expanded to Canada. The disease was initially discovered in late 1990 in Germany, from where it quickly spread throughout Europe.

Spread of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant in poultry and its risks to public health: A comprehensive review.

The livestock-associated methicillin-resistant (LA-MRSA) strains are prevalent in the poultry farming environment and are a common component of the bacterial microbiota on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy animals. The origin and spread of LA-MRSA are attributed to the use of antibiotics in animals, and close contact between people and different animal species increases the risk of animal exposure to humans. The epidemiology of LA-MRSA in poultry significantly changed when ST398 and ST9 were found in food-producing animals.

Classical swine fever: Unveiling the complexity through a multifaceted approach.

Classical swine fever (CSF), sometimes referred to as hog cholera, is a highly contagious, virally based, systemic illness that affects both domestic and wild pigs. The virus known as classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family, specifically the genus Pestivirus. This disease is thought to be endemic in many Asian countries that produce pork as well as in several countries in Central and South America, the Caribbean, and elsewhere.

Identification of different blood concentration of domestic cat () with Leucomalachite Green and Takayama reagent.

Background: Cases of cruelty can occur in wild animal, livestock, and pet animal. Cruelty to cats choose to be the background of this research because many cases of cruelty to cats have not been reported although the cases are still high.

Aim: The aim of this research was to know how much dilution of cat blood can still be detected by Leucomalachite Green (LMG) and Takayama reagent.

Campylobacteriosis: A rising threat in foodborne illnesses.

Campylobacteriosis is a foodborne illness that is contracted by eating contaminated food, particularly animal products like meat from diseased animals or corpses tainted with harmful germs. The epidemiology of campylobacteriosis varies significantly between low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Campylobacter has a complicated and poorly known survival strategy for getting past host barriers and causing sickness in humans.

Bovine umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium increased expression of GLUT-4 in pancreas of diabetic rats induced by nicotinamide-streptozotocin.

Background: Diabetes is a degenerative disease associated with metabolic disorders. The majority of people have type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) insulin resistance due to an unhealthy lifestyle. The development of DM treatment is also growing, one of which is using conditioned medium.

Dechlorination of PCBs in oil transformers by microwaves catalysed by Fe, glycerol, and NaOH.

Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), carcinogenic substances used as oil in electrical transformers, remains an environmental challenge. This study aims to investigate the dechlorination of PCBs-contaminated transformer oils using microwave catalytic (Fe, glycerol) pyrolysis and to study the kinetics of PCBs dechlorination. After determining the composition of PCBs-contaminated oil using Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD), response surface methodology through a central composite design was used to optimize dechlorination factors (irradiation time, microwave power, NaOH).

An ultra-sensitive SARS-CoV-2 antigen optical biosensor based on angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) functionalized magnetic-fluorescent silica nanoparticles.

This work reports on the design and synthesis of an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) functionalized magnetic fluorescent silica nanoparticles (Fe-FSNP) as a biosensing platform to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen. Iron oxide (FeO) nanoparticles were synthesized via ultrasonic-assisted coprecipitation and then coated with fluorescent silica nanoparticles (FSNP) through themethod forming the Fe-FSNP samples. Silica obtained from local geothermal powerplant was used in this work and Rhodamine B was chosen as the incorporated fluorescent dye, hence this reports for the first time ACE-2 was immobilized on the natural silica surface.

Geographical emergence of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine drug resistance-associated and alleles in co-existing mosquito and asymptomatic human populations across Cameroon.

Malaria molecular surveillance remains critical in detecting and tracking emerging parasite resistance to anti-malarial drugs. The current study employed molecular techniques to determine species prevalence and characterize the genetic diversity of and molecular markers of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in humans and wild mosquito populations in Cameroon. mosquito collections and parasitological survey were conducted in villages to determine species infection, and genomic phenotyping of anti-folate resistance was accomplished by sequencing the dihydrofolate-reductase () and dihydropteroate-synthase () genes of naturally circulating and isolates.

Mangroves leaves phyllosphere bacteria community and its ability to survive under pyrene stress during the acclimation process.

Plants in general and mangroves in particular can harbor hyper-diverse microorganisms in their different compartments including the phyllosphere area. This study used the leaves of three mangrove species; black mangrove (Avicenia germinans), red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) and mangrove apple (Sonneratia alba) in order to evaluate the phyllosphere epiphytic bacterial community on their leaves surface and assess the ability of some epiphytic bacteria to tolerate and survive under pyrene stress. Through the 16S rRNA genes sequencing, 380203, 405203 and 344863 OTUs were identified respectively in the leaves of mangroves apple, black and red mangroves.

Lipomodulatory and anti-oxidative stress effects of a polyherbal formulation based on garlic and avocado seed extracts on high fat high sucrose diet fed rats.

Objective: To determine antioxidant potentials of seeds extracts and three formulation-based extracts , and to evaluate the effects of the best formulation on oxidative stress and dyslipidemia on rats fed with high fat and high sucrose diet (HFHSD).

Methods: Aqueous extracts of , and three formulations were mixed at various portions (A. s/P.

and study: Ethanolic extract leaves of Juss. variant of Indonesia and Philippines suppresses tumor growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling.

Juss. has been shown to suppress cancer progression through a variety of mechanisms. In order to treat cancer progression, cancer immunotherapy is used to stimulate the immune system where immunosuppression is present in tumor microenvironments.

Cloning, heterologous expression, and characterization of a novel thioesterase from natural sample.

A novel thioesterse gene was successfully cloned and sequenced directly from natural sample of Domas Hot Spring, West Java, Indonesia. Homological analysis of the sequence showed that the gene appeared high homology to thioesterase genes with the highest to a putative thioesterase gene from uncultured at 66% identity. However, phylogenetic analysis showed that the protein was separated from the branch with other known thioesterases.

Screening of antibiofilm and anti-quorum sensing activty of Actinomycetes isolates extracts against aquaculture pathogenic bacteria.

Background: Indonesia is the third largest producer of fish and other aquaculture products in the world, making this industry a major contributor in the economy of Indonesia. However, this industry continually overcome challenges, one of them are bacterial outbreaks. In addition, the emergence of these bacterial outbreaks were worsen due to the biofilm produced by many significant pathogenic bacteria and the impact of increased antibiotic resistance.

Murine typhus is a common cause of febrile illness in Bedouin children in Israel.

Murine typhus is known to be endemic among populations living in poverty and exposed to rats and their fleas. A prospective 2-y study was conducted to determine the contribution of murine typhus to undifferentiated febrile illnesses among Bedouin children attending an outpatient clinic in southern Israel. Children with fever > or = 38.