Linking and GenBank to the National Clinical Cohort Collaborative.

Objective: This project demonstrates the feasibility of connecting medical imaging data and features, SARS-CoV-2 genome variants, with clinical data in the National Clinical Cohort Collaborative (N3C) repository to accelerate integrative research on detection, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19-related morbidities. The N3C curated a rich collection of aggregated and de-identified electronic health records (EHR) data of over 18 million patients, including 7.5 million COVID-positive patients, seen at hospitals across the United States.

Hybrid breeding for fall armyworm resistance: Combining ability and hybrid prediction.

Fall armyworm (FAW, ) emerged as a major lepidopteran pest destroying maize in sub-Saharan Africa. A diallel mating design was used to generate 210 experimental hybrids from 21 lines. Experimental hybrids and four checks were evaluated in two locations.

Evaluation of Salivary and Serum micro RNA 146a, 200c and its Target Gene PTEN in Chronic Periodontitis Patients and their Response to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy.

Background: Periodontitis destroys the tooth's supporting structures and attachment apparatus. Local or systemic factors can cause it. Traditionally, diagnosis is based on clinical parameters that may not consistently reflect an accurate confirmation.

Effectiveness of a video-assisted teaching program on menstrual cup usage among women (18-45 years age group) in selected colleges of Patna.

Introduction: Menstrual cups are a sustainable alternative to traditional menstrual products, yet their usage remains low in many regions. In India, only 0.3% of women use menstrual cups, representing a lack of knowledge and a negative attitude towards the use of menstrual cups.

An intelligent attention based deep convoluted learning (IADCL) model for smart healthcare security.

In recent times, there has been rapid growth of technologies that have enabled smart infrastructures-IoT-powered smart grids, cities, and healthcare systems. But these resource-constrained IoT devices cannot be protected by existing security mechanisms against emerging cyber threats. The aim of the paper is to present an improved security for smart healthcare IoT systems by developing an architecture for IADCL.

Exploring caffeine as a disruptor of membrane integrity and genomic stability in Staphylococcus aureus: functional and in silico analysis.

To explore the mechanistic underpinnings of caffeine as a potent antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 via in vitro functional assays, whole-genome sequencing, and in silico docking studies. In vitro studies established that caffeine's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against S. aureus ATCC 25923 is 0.

Multiparametric grading of glaucoma severity by histopathology can enable post-mortem substratification of disease state.

Neurodegeneration in glaucoma patients is clinically identified through longitudinal assessment of structure-function changes, including intraocular pressure, cup-to-disc ratios from fundus images, and optical coherence tomography imaging of the retinal nerve fiber layer. Use of human post-mortem ocular tissue for basic research is rising in the glaucoma field, yet there are challenges in assessing disease stage and severity, since tissue donations with informed consent are often unaccompanied by detailed pre-mortem clinical information. Further, the interpretation of disease severity based solely on anatomical and morphological assessments by histology can be affected by differences in death-to-preservation time and tissue processing.

Comparison of the effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine versus ketamine on postoperative analgesia in fracture femur patients operated under subarachnoid block - A prospective randomized double-blind controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Intravenous sedation during spinal anesthesia has the advantages of increased duration of spinal anesthesia and better postoperative pain control. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of intravenous bolus and infusion of dexmedetomidine versus ketamine given intraoperative on the postoperative analgesia in fracture femur patients operated under subarachnoid block.

Material And Methods: In this prospective randomized double-blind controlled study, 75 patients aged 18-65 years posted for elective surgery were selected and randomly divided into three groups to receive ketamine (group K), dexmedetomidine (group D), and saline (control group C).

Experimental and theoretical investigation of cyclohexanone derivative (CHD) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl.

Newly synthesized 1-bromo-2-(4-bromophenylsulfonate)-4,4-dimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl-6-one (CHD) as a potential anticorrosive agent in an acidic medium at an elevated temperature range of 305-335 K. This synthesized compound confirmed by spectral characterizations and it acts as a coating on mild steel surfaces in 1 M Hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution through electrochemical reactions. The synthesis of the compound has been discussed, and the Infrared (IR) and Nucleic Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectral analysis confirmed the derivative.

Ms44-SPT: unique genetic technology simplifies and improves hybrid maize seed production in sub-Saharan Africa.

Hybrid maize seed production in Africa is dependent upon manual detasseling of the female parental lines, often resulting in plant damage that can lead to reduced seed yields on those detasseled lines. Additionally, incomplete detasseling can result in hybrid purity issues that can lead to production fields being rejected. A unique nuclear genetic male sterility seed production technology, referred to as Ms44-SPT, was developed to avoid hybrid seed loss and to improve the purity and quality of hybrid maize production.

Pleurotus ostreatus Copper Nanoparticles: In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antidiabetic Activities.

The rapid growth of nanotechnology has opened new frontiers in biomedical applications, particularly through the use of metal nanoparticles. This study explores the green synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using an aqueous extract of Pleurotus ostreatus (PO-CuNPs) and their characterization through UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and EDAX. The synthesized PO-CuNPs demonstrated exceptional antioxidant activity, evident in hydrogen peroxide scavenging and phosphomolybdenum assays.

Changes in physico-chemical and functional properties of liquid egg white by ohmic heating process.

In the present study, ohmic heating system was developed for the pasteurization of liquid egg white. A batch reactor system was designed with a capacity of 100 ml and operated at varied gradients of voltage (20, 15, 10 V/cm), frequencies (10, 55, 100 Hz), holding times (1, 2.5, 4 min) at two different waveforms (sine and square).

Consensus Recommendations for Studies of Outflow Facility and Intraocular Pressure Regulation Using Ex Vivo Perfusion Approaches.

Intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation is the primary risk factor and currently the main treatable factor for progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. In addition to direct clinical and living animal in vivo studies, ex vivo perfusion of anterior segments and whole eyes is a key technique for studying conventional outflow function as it is responsible for IOP regulation. We present well-tested experimental details, protocols, considerations, advantages, and limitations of several ex vivo model systems for studying IOP regulation.

Testcross performance and combining ability of intermediate maturing drought tolerant maize inbred lines in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Drought is a major constraint on maize ( L.) production and productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The increase in frequency and severity of drought, driven by climate change, is expected to worsen in the future.

Development of cell-free platforms for discovering, characterizing, and engineering post-translational modifications.

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for the stability and function of many therapeutic proteins and peptides. Current methods for studying and engineering PTM installing proteins often suffer from low-throughput experimental techniques. Here we describe a generalizable, workflow coupling cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) with AlphaLISA for the rapid expression and testing of PTM installing proteins.

, , and are emerging preharvest maize ear rot pathogens in Ethiopia.

Fusarium ear rot (FER) and Gibberella ear rot (GER) caused by Fusarium species are major diseases affecting maize production in Ethiopia. In addition to reducing quality and yield, these fungi can produce mycotoxins that contaminate maize kernels and, thereby, pose health hazards to humans and livestock. A survey was conducted in 10 administrative zones of Ethiopia within the major maize-growing regions of the country to identify the species of Fusarium associated with ear rot.

SI-MIL: Taming Deep MIL for Self-Interpretability in Gigapixel Histopathology.

Introducing interpretability and reasoning into Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) methods for Whole Slide Image (WSI) analysis is challenging, given the complexity of gigapixel slides. Traditionally, MIL interpretability is limited to identifying salient regions deemed pertinent for downstream tasks, offering little insight to the end-user (pathologist) regarding the rationale behind these selections. To address this, we propose Self-Interpretable MIL (SI-MIL), a method intrinsically designed for interpretability from the very outset.

An Insight into developmental changes in reasoning skills among Indian Preschoolers: A cross-sectional study using a story-based approach.

Considering the importance of exploring the development of reasoning skills during preschool period and the suitability of using a culturally linguistically relevant story-based approach for the same, the present research intended to profile the reasoning skills in typically developing Indian preschool children between 36 and 72 months using a story-based approach. The specific objectives were to determine the test-retest and inter-rater reliability of reasoning tasks within an existing story-based cognitive-communicative assessment tool and to use this tool to assess the reasoning skills of typically developing Indian preschool children. Reasoning tasks across explanation, prediction and inference domains were evaluated for its psychometric properties and administered to 63 typically developing Indian preschool children attending English medium schools in Mangalore.

Virulence perspective genomic research unlocks the secrets of associated with banded sheath blight in Barnyard Millet ().

Introduction: Banded sheath blight (Bsb) disease, caused by , is an emerging problem in barnyard millet cultivation. One of the significant goals of pathogenomic research is to identify genes responsible for pathogenicity in the fungus.

Methods: A virulence profiling-based approach was employed and six isolates were collected from various ecological zones of India.

Adopting a model of antimicrobial stewardship program to anti-tubercular treatment stewardship: A single-centre experience from a private tertiary care hospital in South India.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health challenge in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). Inappropriate use of Anti-Tubercular Treatment (ATT) undermines treatment efficacy and could contribute to drug resistance. While antimicrobial stewardship programs (AMSP) are well established, anti-tubercular treatment stewardship programs (ATTSP) in private hospitals do not have an established model.

Novel electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex promoted arylation of 2-oxo-2-chromene-3-carbonitriles under visible light irradiation.

An efficient and operationally simple photochemical method has been demonstrated under transition metal-free, photocatalyst-free, and oxidant-free conditions. In recent times, diaryliodonium salts have become one of the most popular arylating sources under photoinduced conditions. Herein, we developed a visible light induced arylation of heterocycles using an EDA complex that is formed from 2,6-lutidine and diaryliodonium triflate.

Topology-Aware Uncertainty for Image Segmentation.

Segmentation of curvilinear structures such as vasculature and road networks is challenging due to relatively weak signals and complex geometry/topology. To facilitate and accelerate large scale annotation, one has to adopt semi-automatic approaches such as proofreading by experts. In this work, we focus on uncertainty estimation for such tasks, so that highly uncertain, and thus error-prone structures can be identified for human annotators to verify.