Robotic-arm assisted total knee replacement in an ankylosed knee.

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis in her 30s who had a left knee that had been ankylosed for 10 years was treated with robotic-arm assisted total knee replacement (RA-TKR) and surgical release of the ankyloses. For RA-TKR, accurate bony registration is essential. It was difficult to record the bone intraoperatively in an ankylosed knee with changed morphology.

Mental Well-Being and the Quality of Life Among Retired Public and Private Sector Employees: A Comparative Study From Kerala, India.

Background Retirement from an active working environment is one of the important risk factors for mental health problems. The literature on the mental well-being and quality of life among retired public and private sector employees in Kerala is limited. We conducted this study to compare the mental well-being, quality of life and factors associated with them among retired public and private sector employees in Kollam district, Kerala.

Blazing Carbon Dots: Unfolding its Luminescence Mechanism to Photoinduced Biomedical Applications.

Carbon dots (CDs) are carbon-based nanomaterials that have garnered immense attention owing to their exceptional photophysical and optoelectronic properties. They have been employed extensively for biomedical imaging and phototherapy due to their superb water dispersibility, low toxicity, outstanding biocompatibility, and exceptional tissue permeability. This review summarizes the structural classification of CDs, the classification of CDs according to precursor sources, and the luminescence mechanism of CDs.

Perioperative considerations in anesthesia for pediatric bariatric procedures.

Obesity is a global epidemic affecting a broad range of individuals, regardless of economic and social strata. In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 16 % of adults and 160 million children were living with this condition. The economic impact is significant, with a recent Milken report estimating the annual cost of obesity in the US at 1.

Utility of cervical dynamic magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating patients with cervical myelopathy: a retrospective study.

Study Design: Retrospective observational study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of cervical dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) in the assessment of cervical canal stenosis.

Overview Of Literature: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy has been intricately linked to both static and dynamic narrowing of the cervical spinal canal.

On the critical competition between singlet exciton decay and free charge generation in non-fullerene based organic solar cells with low energetic offsets.

Reducing voltage losses while maintaining high photocurrents is the holy grail of current research on non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) based organic solar cell. Recent focus lies in understanding the various fundamental mechanisms in organic blends with minimal energy offsets - particularly the relationship between ionization energy offset (ΔIE) and free charge generation. Here, we quantitatively probe this relationship in multiple NFA-based blends by mixing Y-series NFAs with PM6 of different molecular weights, covering a broad power conversion efficiency (PCE) range: from 15% down to 1%.

Optimizing neural networks using spider monkey optimization algorithm for intrusion detection system.

The constantly changing nature of cyber threats presents unprecedented difficulties for people, institutions, and governments across the globe. Cyber threats are a major concern in today's digital world like hacking, phishing, malware, and data breaches. These can compromise anyone's personal information and harm the organizations.

Chiral nanomaterial-based approaches for diagnosis and treatment of protein-aggregated neurodiseases: current status and future opportunities.

Protein misfolding and its aggregation, known as amyloid aggregates (Aβ), are some of the major causes of more than 20 diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and type 2 diabetes. The process of Aβ formation involves an energy-driven oligomerization of Aβ monomers, leading to polymerization and eventual aggregation into fibrils. Aβ fibrils exhibit multilevel chirality arising from its amino acid residues and the arrangement of folded polypeptide chains; thus, a chirality-driven approach can be utilized for the detection and inhibition of Aβ fibrils.

Outcomes of a single dose of injection polidocanol application in aneurysmal bone cyst.

Background: Aneurysmal bone cysts are common osteolytic tumours that have ability to expand and produce pathological fractures. Recurrence is a major issue in such tumours posing a treatment dilemma to clinicians. Injection polidocanol has shown promising results, but the number of injections still remains a topic of debate.

Increased medial talar tilt may incite ankle pain and predispose ankle osteoarthritis after correction of severity of knee varus deformity among patients undergoing bilateral total knee arthroplasty: a prospective observation.

Purpose: Patients with varus knee osteoarthritis usually compensate at the ankle and typically walk with hindfoot valgus alignment. As the neutral weight-bearing axis of the lower limbs is restored with Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), ankle and hindfoot biomechanics also acutely change. This study aims to investigate whether any ankle clinical-radiographical changes occur as a result of bilateral mechanical TKA in patients with bilateral Osteoarthritis knee at a minimum follow-up of 6 months.

Inulin-based formulations as an emerging therapeutic strategy for cancer: A comprehensive review.

Cancer stands as the second leading cause of death in the United States (US). Most chemotherapeutic agents exhibit severe adverse effects that are attributed to exposure of drugs to off-target tissues, posing a significant challenge in cancer therapy management. In recent years, inulin, a naturally occurring prebiotic fiber has gained substantial attention for its potential in cancer treatment owing to its multitudinous health values.

One-step simultaneous liquid phase exfoliation-induced chirality in graphene and their chirality-mediated microRNA delivery.

Graphene (G) has established itself as an exciting prospect for a broad range of applications owing to its remarkable properties. Recent innovations in chiral nanosystems have led to sensors, drug delivery, catalysis, owing to the stereospecific interactions between various nanosystems and enantiomers. As the molecular structure of G itself is achiral introducing chirality in G by simple attachment of a functional group (a chiral ligand) on the G nanosheet may result in more diverse applications.

Gel-Based Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (GACI) in the Chondral Defects of the Knee: An Observational Study.

Introduction: Gel-based autologous chondrocyte implantation (GACI) is known to have superior results when compared to conventional autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) in terms of delivery of chondrocytes to the articular cartilage surface with reproducible three-dimensional structural restoration. This study aims to evaluate the short-term outcomes of gel-based autologous chondrocyte implantation (GACI) for the treatment of large focal articular cartilage defects of the knee.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study among 25 patients who underwent GACI.

Interface Engineering in Perylene Diimide-Based Organic Photovoltaics with Enhanced Photovoltage.

The introduction of nonfullerene acceptors (NFA) facilitated the realization of high-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs); however, OSCs suffer from relatively large losses in open-circuit voltage () as compared to inorganic or perovskite solar cells. Further enhancement in power conversion efficiency requires an increase in . In this work, we take advantage of the high dipole moment of twisted perylene-diimide (TPDI) as a nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) to enhance the of OSCs.

Hypersonic flow study in a pneumatically operated academic shock tunnel.

A hypersonic shock tunnel is a primary tool used for basic experimental research and may be used in engineering and university courses to study compressible flows involving shock waves. In the present study, a pneumatically operated shock tunnel is demonstrated for hypersonic flow studies. The high-pressure nitrogen gas is used to drive a pneumatic cylinder, which is used to burst the thin metal diaphragms.

Indocyanine Green-based Glow Nanoparticles Probe for Cancer Imaging.

Indocyanine green (ICG) is one of the FDA-approved near infra-red fluorescent (NIRF) probes for cancer imaging and image-guided surgery in the clinical setting. However, the limitations of ICG include poor photostability, high concentration toxicity, short circulation time, and poor cancer cell specificity. To overcome these hurdles, we engineered a nanoconstruct composed of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP)-indocyanine green that is cloaked self-assembled with tannic acid (termed as indocyanine green-based glow nanoparticles probe, ICG-Glow NPs) for the cancer cell/tissue-specific targeting.

Biological Therapy for Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head - A Case Report.

Introduction: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a type of osteonecrosis with the disruption of blood supply to the head of the femur. Management of AVN femoral head depends on the stage of the disease. In this case report, we elaborated on the biological therapy for bilateral AVN of the femoral head.

Effect on pulmonary functions of dust exposed rice mill workers in comparison to an unexposed population.

Background: Paddy milling is the oldest and largest agro-processing industry in India. A large number of workers are employed in the rice mills where they are potentially exposed to dust. It has been shown that exposure to dust results in a high prevalence of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, extrinsic allergic alveoli ties, toxic syndrome, and interstitial lung disease.

Structural Engineering of Star Block Biodegradable Polymer Unimolecular Micelles for Drug Delivery in Cancer Cells.

The present investigation reports the structural engineering of biodegradable star block polycaprolactone (PCL) to tailor-make aggregated micelles and unimolecular micelles to study their effect on drug delivery aspects in cancer cell lines. Fully PCL-based star block copolymers were designed by varying the arm numbers from two to eight while keeping the arm length constant throughout. Multifunctional initiators were exploited for stepwise solvent-free melt ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and γ-substituted caprolactone to construct star block copolymers having a PCL hydrophobic core and a carboxylic PCL hydrophilic shell, respectively.

Biomolecule-functionalized nanoformulations for prostate cancer theranostics.

Background: Even with the advancement in the areas of cancer nanotechnology, prostate cancer still poses a major threat to men's health. Nanomaterials and nanomaterial-derived theranostic systems have been explored for diagnosis, imaging, and therapy for different types of cancer still, for prostate cancer they have not delivered at full potential because of the limitations like in vivo biocompatibility, immune responses, precise targetability, and therapeutic outcome associated with the nanostructured system.

Aim Of Review: Functionalizing nanomaterials with different biomolecules and bioactive agents provides advantages like specificity towards cancerous tumors, improved circulation time, and modulation of the immune response leading to early diagnosis and targeted delivery of cargo at the site of action.

Gene expressions and their significance in organoid cultures obtained from breast cancer patient-derived biopsies.

Gene expression changes are one of the hallmarks of malignant cells and such changes in specific genes have been identified for a variety of human cancers. Such an association in gene expression changes becomes very significant for breast cancers due to the genetic heterogeneity seen in such cancers. It is due to such genetic implication that breast cancers are classified into several subtypes; based on the expression and the magnitude of expression of estrogen and progesterone receptor genes.