Adhesion-Assisted Antioxidant-Engineered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Enhanced Cardiac Repair in Myocardial Infarction.

Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy holds great promise for treating myocardial infarction (MI). However, the inflammatory and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-rich environment in infarcted myocardium challenges MSC survival, limiting its therapeutic impact. In this study, we demonstrate that chemical modification of MSCs with anti-VCAM1 and polydopamine (PD) significantly enhances MSC survival and promotes cardiac repair.

A general TD-Q learning control approach for discrete-time Markov jump systems.

This paper develops a novel temporal difference Q (TD-Q) learning approach, designed to address the robust control challenge in discrete-time Markov jump systems (MJSs) which are characterized by entirely unknown dynamics and transition probabilities (TPs). The model-free TD-Q learning method is uniquely comprehensive, including two special cases: Q learning for MJSs with unknown dynamics, and TD learning for MJSs with undetermined TPs. We propose an innovative ternary policy iteration framework, which iteratively refines the control policies through a dynamic loop of alternating updates.

Engineered mesenchymal stromal cells with bispecific polyvalent peptides suppress excessive neutrophil infiltration and boost therapy.

Excessive neutrophil infiltration can exacerbate inflammation and tissue damage, contributing to conditions like autoimmune disorders and liver diseases. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) share homing mechanisms with neutrophils, showing promise for treating such diseases. However, ex vivo expanded MSCs often suffer from reduced homing efficiency due to the loss of essential ligands.

Experimental study on the adsorption mechanism and desorption of guar gum with different structures on quartz surfaces.

The adsorption and desorption of guar gum on quartz surfaces are particularly concerned in mineral flotation and hydraulic fracturing. The adsorption capacity of GG, HPG, CMG, and CGG in quartz was quantitatively studied by spectroscopy. The adsorption mechanism and desorption of four different structures of guar gum on the quartz surface were investigated using zeta potential, XPS, and adhesion work.

An explainable and comprehensive BI-RADS assisted diagnosis pipeline for mammograms.

Background And Objective: The growing adoption of computer-aided diagnosis systems is transforming cancer diagnostics in mammography, but it still needs improvement in comprehensive diagnostics, early screening accuracy, and system explainability. To achieve these, we introduce an explainable pipeline designed to provide comprehensive diagnostic suggestions according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon.

Methods: The proposed pipeline employs a multi-task framework, with BI-RADS assessments as the main task, complemented by the classification of masses, calcifications, architectural distortions, and breast density.

Tools for assessing ball skills based on game scenarios: a systematic review and related insights.

Background: Physical education teachers commonly use single or combined technique tests to assess to assess the skills performance of their students, but these tests still have limitations for ball skills that involve the perceptual-cognitive system and urgently need to adopt ball skill assessment tools based on game scenarios for evaluation.

Objective: To provide a systematic review of ball skills performance assessment tools based on game scenarios, provide references for the development, application and pedagogical reflection of related tools.

Methods: Computer searches of the Web of Science (WOS), PubMed, Scopus, SPORT Discus, and SciELO databases were conducted.

Thiamethoxam at environmentally relevant concentrations induces neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae through binding with multiple receptors.

Thiamethoxam (THM) is one of the most widely used insecticides globally, which was designed to selectively target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the insect nervous system and is generally considered safe for non-targeted organisms. However, increasing evidence has demonstrated its neurotoxicity in aquatic organisms, though the underlying mechanisms, especially at environmentally relevant concentrations, remain largely unclear. In this study, the swimming distance of zebrafish was significantly shortened by 14.

Using tide for rainfall runoff simulation with feature projection and reversible instance normalization.

From LSTMs (Long Short-Term Memory) to Transformers, various networks have been used for runoff forecasting, though many complex structures may be unnecessary. This study introduces RR-TiDE, a simple model based on the Time Series Dense Encoder. RR-TiDE employs fully Multilayer Perceptron architecture for modeling and is specifically designed with understanding of hydrological processes.

HSF1 Mediates Palmitic Acid-Disrupted Lipid Metabolism and Inflammatory Response by Maintaining Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis in Fish.

Fish oil (FO) is being progressively replaced by palm oil (PO), which is rich in palmitic acid (PA). However, our understanding of the effects of PA on fish and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains limited. Heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is a critical transcription factor involved in stress response, but whether it responds to the effects of PA in fish remains unknown.

Prolonged Exposure to Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Chlorine Induces Heritable Antimicrobial Resistance in Disinfection Residual .

Chlorination, a crucial step in pathogen control, raises concerns due to the potential residual chlorine presence during water treatment and sanitation. However, the consequences of prolonged exposure to environmentally relevant chlorine concentrations on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) evolution and its driving mechanism in bacteria remain unclear. Therefore, this study utilized a combination of phenotypic and genotypic analyses, revealing that chlorination at concentrations of 0.

Effects of open-skill exercise on executive functions in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The research on the intervention of open-skill exercise on the executive functions of children and adolescents still requires quantitative synthesis, and there is inconsistency in the effects of intervention by strategic and interceptive skills, which are sub-divided from open-skill exercise. Therefore, this study systematically explores the aforementioned issues and examines the potential moderating factors in the effects of open-skill exercise intervention on executive functions.

Methods: Computer searches of the CNKI, WOS, PubMed, ScienceDirect and SPORTDiscus databases were conducted.

Effects of interventions on physical activity behavior change in children and adolescents based on a trans-theoretical model: a systematic review.

Background: The Trans-theoretical Model (TTM) has been applied in numerous empirical studies concerning physical activity (PA) interventions for children and adolescents. Consequently, the aim of this review is to identify and synthesize the evidence regarding the effectiveness of TTM-based interventions in promoting PA behavior change among this demographic, with the goal of informing future research and policy development.

Methods: A systematic review was performed followed the PRISMA guideline, protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023416216).

New insights into plant physiological responses to uranium: An integrative analysis of autophagy, DNA repair, and antioxidant systems in radish.

The application of uranium (U) in the nuclear energy and defense industry has driven U mining activities, leading to subsequent U contamination. Understanding the toxicity and detoxification mechanism of U in plants is crucial for enhancing the efficiency of phytoremediation efforts in U-contaminated soils. The present study investigated the toxicity of uranium (U) in radish and its impact on physiological and molecular responses.

Correlation between Preoperative Blood Pressure Variability and Carotid Sinus Reaction after Internal Carotid Artery Stenting.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between blood pressure variability (BPV) 24 hours before internal carotid artery stenting and post-procedural carotid sinus reaction (CSR), with an emphasis on identifying BPV indexes that predict the implementation of carotid artery stenting (CAS) and the subtype of CSR.

Methods: A total of 105 patients who completed 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and underwent CAS from August 2019 to February 2024 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College were included in this study. Patients were divided into CSR and non-CSR groups.

Advances in vocalizating and hearing mechanisms of echolocation in vertebrate.

Echolocation is a complex biological traits that collaborated by multiple systems. Its origin can be traced back to 68 million years ago, and repeatedly appeared in multiple vertebrate groups in the subsequent biological evolution. The strong vitality has become a typical case of the convergence evolution in nature.

Ecosystem services value for water provisioning in the Shule River Basin of northwestern China: Spatial and temporal evolution and drivers from 2000 to 2022.

The economic and social functions of water provision have become increasingly important with the gradual scarcity of water resources due to global change. We assessed the spatial and temporal dynamics of the value of ecosystem water-provisioning services in terms of the monetary value shown in the Shule River Basin from 2000 to 2022 to sustain the structure, functionality, and stability of ecosystems. This provides an important reference for the optimization of ecosystem services in the basin and the scientific allocation of water resources.

TIMD4MHCⅡ Macrophages Preserve Heart Function Through Retnla.

Genetic fate mapping confirmed the existence of the TIMD4MHCⅡ macrophage subset and showed that they were resident macrophages with minimal input from peripheral monocytes. Further, single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that could serve as the signature gene for TIMD4MHCⅡ macrophages. Administration of recombinant protein of the gene, RELMα, delayed the onset of heart failure, whereas either deletion of TIMD4MHCⅡ macrophages or macrophage-specific loss of facilitated heart failure progression.

The effect of GM-CSF and predictors of treatment outcome in pediatric septic shock patients.

Background: Pediatric septic shock is a critical condition associated with high mortality rates, largely due to sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been explored as a therapeutic intervention to counteract this immunosuppression. Despite its potential, the efficacy of GM-CSF in pediatric septic shock has not been clearly established.

Identifying adverse nodal features associated with poor prognosis in stage IB nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients based on the 9th AJCC/UICC staging system: Implications for treatment intensification.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify adverse lymph node (LN) features, specifically LN necrosis (LNN) and matted nodes (MNs), for the prediction of poor outcomes in stage IB nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients according to the 9th edition of the AJCC/UICC staging system (TNM-9), with the ultimate goal of refining patient stratification and tailoring more individualized treatments.

Materials: NPC patients classified as stage IB according to the TNM-9 staging system between January 2017 and December 2019 at our institution were candidates for this study. Baseline MRI assessments focusing on LNN and MNs were performed.

Integrating genetics and transcriptomics to characterize shared mechanisms in digestive diseases and psychiatric disorders.

Digestive and psychiatric disorders tend to co-occur, yet mechanisms remain unclear. Leveraging genetic and transcriptomic data integration, we conduct multi-trait analysis of GWAS (MTAG) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to explore shared mechanism between psychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders. Significant genetic correlations were found between these disorders, especially in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), depression (DEP), and neuroticism (NE).

Associations between meeting 24h movement behavior guidelines and cognition, gray matter volume, and academic performance in children and adolescents: a systematic review.

Background: 24-h movement behaviors have a close relationship with children and adolescents' cognition, gray matter volume, and academic performance. This systematic review aims to precisely explore the associations between meeting different combinations of guidelines and the aforementioned indicators, in order to better serve public health policy.

Methods: Computer retrieval was conducted on CNKI, Web of Science, PubMed, SPORT Discus and Cochrane library databases.

Executive Function Strengths in Athletes: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Whether athletes possess superior executive functions still needs further examination. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the executive function advantages of athletes and the differences in these advantages between open- and closed-skill sports through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Computer searches of CNKI, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SPORTDiscus databases were conducted.

Controllable multivalent LYTACs enhance targeted protein degradation.

We present a versatile DNA-based LYTAC framework that allows control over the valency of chimeras and the distance between ligands through DNA self-assembly. By evaluating the degradation capabilities of LYTACs with 1, 3, and 9 valences, we confirm the broad applicability of the multivalent enhancement effect across different lysosome-targeting receptor-mediated degradation pathways. Our findings provide valuable insights into improving the degradation efficiency of LYTACs.

An AutoEncoder enhanced light gradient boosting machine method for credit card fraud detection.

Online financial transactions bring convenience to people's lives, but also present vulnerabilities for criminals to embezzle users' accounts and trick users into credit card fraud. Although machine learning methods have been adopted to detect anomalous transactions, it's hard for a single machine learning method to achieve satisfying results with the increasing scale and dimensionality of financial datasets. In addition, for anomaly detection of financial data, there is an obvious imbalance between normal records and abnormal.