Expression and characterization of novel chimeric endolysin CHAPk-SH3bk against biofilm-forming methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

The continuous evolution of antibiotic resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) due to the misuse of antibiotics lays out the need for the development of new antimicrobials with higher activity and lower resistance. In this study, we have expressed novel chimeric endolysin CHAPk-SH3bk derived from LysK to investigate its antibacterial activity against planktonic and biofilm-forming MRSA. The molecular docking and MD simulation results identified critical amino acids (ASP47, ASP56, ARG71, and Gly74) of CHAPk domain responsible for its catalytic activity.

Development of an on-site lateral flow immune assay based on mango leaf derived colloidal silver nanoparticles for rapid detection of in milk.

In order to ensure food safety, screening food samples for the presence of pathogens has been categorised as a legal testing item throughout the globe. One of the most prevalent zoonotic bacteria transmitted through dairy milk is . Given the limitations of the conventional detection methods, in the current study we desigined a competitive lateral flow immune assay (LFIA) using colloidal silver nanoparticles derived from mango leaves for the detection of in cow milk.

Deep Learning-Based Noise Reduction Improves Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Imaging of Radial Peripapillary Capillaries in Advanced Glaucoma.

Purpose: We applied deep learning-based noise reduction (NR) to optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCTA) images of the radial peripapillary capillaries (RPCs) in eyes with glaucoma and investigated the usefulness of this method as an objective analysis of glaucoma.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 118 eyes of 94 open-angle glaucoma patients (male/female = 38/56, age: 56.1 ± 10.

Hitch suture assisted tuck in Tenon's Patch Graft for management of Corneal Perforations.

Purpose: To describe a novel modification of tuck-in Tenon's patch graft (TPG) using temporary horizontal mattress sutures and fibrin glue to hitch the graft in the management of corneal perforations.

Design: Ambispective interventional case series.

Methods: Modified technique of autologous TPG was used to seal corneal perforations measuring 3-5 mm, using horizontal mattress sutures to hitch the graft in a lamellar pocket, followed by application of fibrin glue.

Virulence and enterotoxin gene profile of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine mastitis.

Bovine mastitis is a major infectious disease affecting dairy animals resulting in enormous economic losses, prolonged antibiotic treatment, reduced milk yield and death of livestock. Emergence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among bovine mastitis is matter of concern for animal health and dairy industry. The present study was conducted to detect the distribution of virulence and enterotoxin genes among MRSA isolates from bovine mastitis.

Oligo-glycerol based non-ionic amphiphilic nanocarriers for lipase mediated controlled drug release.

A new class of non-ionic amphiphiles is synthesized using a diaryl derivative of diglycerol as a central core and functionalizing it with long alkyl chains (C-12/C-15) and monomethoxy PEG moiety ( : 350/550) by following a chemo-enzymatic approach. The aggregation behavior of the amphiphiles in aqueous medium is studied by using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and fluorescence spectroscopy, whereas the size and morphology of the aggregates are studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A hydrophobic dye, Nile red and a hydrophobic drug, nimodipine, are used to demonstrate the nano-carrier capability of these non-ionic amphiphilic systems and the results are compared with amphiphilic analogues obtained from the triaryl derivatives of triglycerol.

Systemic iron reduction by venesection alters the gut microbiome in patients with haemochromatosis.

Background & Aims: Iron reduction by venesection has been the cornerstone of treatment for haemochromatosis for decades, and its reported health benefits are many. Repeated phlebotomy can lead to a compensatory increase in intestinal iron absorption, reducing intestinal iron availability. Given that most gut bacteria are highly dependent on iron for survival, we postulated that, by reducing gut iron levels, venesection could alter the gut microbiota.

The uncertain future of protected lands and waters.

Protected areas are intended to safeguard biodiversity in perpetuity, yet evidence suggests that widespread legal changes undermine protected area durability and efficacy. We documented these legal changes-protected area downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD) events-in the United States and Amazonian countries and compiled available data globally. Governments of the United States and Amazonian countries enacted 269 and 440 PADDD events, respectively.

A decrease in iron availability to human gut microbiome reduces the growth of potentially pathogenic gut bacteria; an in vitro colonic fermentation study.

Iron supplements are widely consumed; however most of the iron is not absorbed and enters the colon where potentially pathogenic bacteria can utilise it for growth. This study investigated the effect of iron availability on human gut microbial composition and function using an in vitro colonic fermentation model inoculated with faecal microbiota from healthy adult donors, as well as examining the effect of iron on the growth of individual gut bacteria Batch fermenters were seeded with fresh faecal material and supplemented with the iron chelator, bathophenanthroline disulphonic acid (BPDS). Samples were analysed at regular intervals to assess impact on the gut bacterial communities.

Prevalence of mosquito species in Chhura block of Raipur district of Chhattisgarh state.

Mosquitoes act as vectors for several diseases including malaria and filaria. In Indian scenario, Chhattisgarh is endemic for both the diseases. The present study on prevalence of mosquito population in block Chhura of Raipur district of Chhattisgarh state was undertaken between August 2002 and March 2004 to asses the distribution pattern of various species of mosquitoes and their seasonal variations.