The decreased astrocyte-microglia interaction reflects the early characteristics of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease often associated with olfactory dysfunction. Aβ is a typical AD hall marker, but Aβ-induced molecular alterations in olfactory memory remain unclear. In this study, we used a 5xFAD mouse model to investigate Aβ-induced olfactory changes.

Exogenous Selenium and Biochar Application Modulate the Growth and Selenium Uptake of Medicinal Legume Species.

species have a certain capacity to enrich selenium (Se) and are the strongest Se hyperaccumulator legumes known globally at present. The biochar application to medicinal plants has been reported to affect plant metabolites. In this study, we aimed to employ hyperaccumulating species in the plant growth of selenium-lacked soil, while also investigating the impact of varying selenium doses and biochar application on legumes growth, selenium content, and secondary metabolite production.

Molecular Imaging of Brown Adipose Tissue Mass.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a uniquely thermogenic tissue that plays an important role in metabolism and energy expenditure, has recently become a revived target in the fight against metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Different from white adipose tissue (WAT), the brown adipocytes have distinctive features including multilocular lipid droplets, a large number of mitochondria, and a high expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), as well as abundant capillarity. These histologic characteristics provide an opportunity to differentiate BAT from WAT using imaging modalities, such as PET/CT, SPECT/CT, MRI, NIRF and Ultrasound.

Complete chloroplast genome of (Sterculiaceae), an endemic wild tree from South China.

(Sterculiaceae), a wild endangered tree that grows in South China, is an economically important species. There is scant information available on the chloroplast (cp) genome of this species. The present study is the first to analyze the cp genome of using genome skimming.

[Overview of application and research of Echinops genus in Chinese medicine].

Asteraceae Echionopos (Echinops genus) is one of the world's plants commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine herbs. In this paper, a lot of literature on the basis of domestic and foreign, and modern research on the application of medicinal plants in different ethnic groups in our country Echionopos made a brief presentation and evaluation, and its in Chinese Han, Mongolian, Uygur, Kazak, Korean and other ethnic groups in the application of traditional medicine and related research conducted profiles. To further comprehensive and accurate use of the abundant plant resources and research, in order to find biologically active natural products, provide reference basis for the clinical application of new drugs developed and expanded drug source.

Conditional Monte Carlo randomization tests for regression models.

We discuss the computation of randomization tests for clinical trials of two treatments when the primary outcome is based on a regression model. We begin by revisiting the seminal paper of Gail, Tan, and Piantadosi (1988), and then describe a method based on Monte Carlo generation of randomization sequences. The tests based on this Monte Carlo procedure are design based, in that they incorporate the particular randomization procedure used.

[Effects of pomegranate flowers polyphenols on liver PON expression of diabetes combining non-alcoholic fat liver diseases rats].

To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanism of pomegranate flowers polyphenols (PFP) on liver function of rats with diabetes combining non-alcoholic fat liver diseases, diabetes combining nonalcoholic fat liver disease model rats were established with high calorie feeding and small dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Model rats were randomly divided into: model group, metformin group, pomegranate flowers polyphenols low, medium and high dose group (75, 150 and 300 mg x kg(-1)). After four weeks treatment, the levels of FPG, blood fat profiles and serum insulin, ALT, AST levels, SOD and MDA in the liver and serum separately were analyzed with biochemical methods.

[Effects of two different extracts of total saponins from Cicer arietinum on kidney of T2DM rats].

Protective effects of two different extracts of TSCA (total saponins from Cicer arietinum) were studied on kidney of T2DM rats. The diabetic model group was established with high calorie feeding and small dose injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 45 mg x kg(-1)). DM rats were randomly assigned to model group (feed with propylene glycol 1 mL/100 g), TSCA high dose group (300 mg x kg(-1)), TSCA low dose group (100 mg x kg(-1)) and normal control group (feed with propylene glycol 1 mL/100 g).

Proportion of family physicians providing maternity care continues to decline.

Family physicians traditionally have played an integral role in delivering babies as a component of the comprehensive care they provide for women. The proportion of family physicians who report providing any maternity care continues to decrease. This trend is particularly concerning because family physicians are the most widely distributed specialty and are essential to health care access in rural areas.

Declining numbers of family physicians are caring for children.

Despite continued growth of the primary care workforce, profound maldistribution persists among providers available for the care of children. Family physicians (FPs) spend, on average, approximately 10% of their total practice time caring for children; however, given that, among physician specialties, FPs are geographically distributed most evenly across the US population, the self-reported decline in the share of FPs caring for children should be disturbing to policymakers, especially with the looming insurance expansion in 2014.

[Hepatoprotective effect of Gossipium hirsutum extract on acute experimental hepatitis on rat liver injury].

Objective: To investigate the protective effect on the mice acute experimental hepatic injury by Flos Gossypium herbaceum extracts (FGF-I, FGF-II).

Method: Experimental hepatic injury model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of 350 mg x kg(-1) D-CalN in Wistar rats. Serum samples for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST) level and liver homogenate samples for super oxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione peroxidese (GSH-PX) activities were assayed.