Potency of anti-trematode in inhibiting cathepsin-2L and cathepsin-5L of using homology, docking, and molecular dynamics.

Background: Cathepsin-L (FhCL) is a group of enzymes that most flukes express and secreted significantly in parasite-host interactions. Researches are focusing on antigens released by as one of the keys to understanding immunologic pathways in parasite infection and targets for anthelmintics. Efforts to suppress FhCL function through vaccination or therapy using anthelmintic drugs are key factors in controlling field-level trematode infections.

Cytotoxicity and phytochemical profiles of stem barks with drug-likeliness: Focusing on antidiabetic potentials.

Out of numerous reported medicinal plants, has been reported to possess a strong antidiabetic potential and other pharmacological effects. This research aimed to identify the phytoconstituents in the extracts of stem barks and hypothesize their antidiabetic potentials based on drug-likeliness. Simplicia of powder was sequentially macerated at room temperature (24 h) using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvents.

Identification of cellulolytic lactic acid bacteria from the intestines of laying hens given AKBISprob based on 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene analysis.

Background And Aim: Supplementation of AKBISprob (developed in a previous study) in feed can improve production efficiency and poultry health, especially laying hens. In addition, it can also increase cellulolytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in chicken intestines, but these bacteria are still unknown; thus, they need to be identified. This study aimed to identify cellulolytic LAB in the intestines of laying hens administered AKBISprob based on 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) gene analysis.

Ellagic acid and hydroxyapatite promote angiogenesis marker in bone defect.

The combination of hydroxyapatite and the herbal extract ellagic acid is expected to accelerate the bone healing process (osteogenesis) due to the extract's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The osteogenesis process is closely associated with angiogenesis markers, such as fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and alkali phosphatase (ALP). The objective of this study is to analyse the combination of ellagic acid and hydroxyapatite to promote FGF-2, VEGF and ALP expression as angiogenesis markers in a bone defect model.

The concentration of testosterone, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide, and protamine 1 in the serum of male chicken following administration of epididymis and testicular extracts and their combination.

Bakcground And Aim: Testis and epididymis are male reproductive organs that play an important role in spermatogenesis These two organs are rich in the content of hormones and other molecules needed in the process of spermatogenesis which affect the quality of the spermatozoa. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the administration of epididymis and testicular extracts and their combination on testosterone, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), and protamine 1 (PRM1) concentrations in the serum of male chicken.

Materials And Methods: Twenty male chickens (broiler strain Cp707), aged 3 weeks and weighing 800-1000 g, were randomly divided into four different groups including a control group (T0) = injected with 1 ml normal saline and treatment groups: T1 = injected with 1 ml epididymis extract, T2 = injected with 1 ml testicular extract, and T3 = injected with a combination of 1 ml epididymis + 1 ml testicular extract.