Operando Characterization of Fe in Doped Ni(Fe)OH Catalysts for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution.

Iron-doped nickel oxyhydroxides, Ni(Fe)OH, are among the most promising oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts in alkaline environments. Although iron (Fe) significantly enhances the catalytic activity, there is still no clear consensus on whether Fe directly participates in the reaction or merely acts as a promoter. To elucidate the Fe's role, we performed X-ray spectroscopy studies supported by DFT on Ni(Fe)OH electrocatalysts.

In-situ probing of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction on Co single crystal surfaces up to 1 bar.

The surface chemistry of the Fischer-Tropsch catalytic reaction over Co has still several unknows. Here, we report an in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of Co and Co( ), and in-situ high energy surface X-ray diffraction of Co during the Fischer-Tropsch reaction at 0.15 bar - 1 bar and 406 K - 548 K in a H/CO gas mixture.

Protocol to infer off-target effects of drugs on cellular signaling using interactome-based deep learning.

Drugs that target specific proteins often have off-target effects. We present a protocol using artificial neural networks to model cellular transcriptional responses to drugs, aiming to understand their mechanisms of action. We detail steps for predicting transcriptional activities, inferring drug-target interactions, and explaining the off-target mechanism of action.

A Distinct Alternative mRNA Splicing Profile Identifies the Oncogenic CD44 Transcript Variant 3 in KMT2A-Rearranged Pediatric T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), which constitutes of 10-15% of all pediatric ALL cases, is known for its complex pathology due to pervasive genetic and chromosomal abnormalities. Although most children are successfully cured, chromosomal rearrangements involving the KMT2A gene is considered a poor prognostic factor. In a cohort of 171 pediatric T-ALL samples we have studied differences in gene and splice variant patterns in KMT2A rearranged (KMT2A-r) T-ALL compared to KMT2A negative (KMT2A-wt) T-ALL samples.

Comprehensive Approach for Sequential MALDI-MSI Analysis of Lipids, -Glycans, and Peptides in Fresh-Frozen Rodent Brain Tissues.

Multiomics analysis of single tissue sections using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) provides comprehensive molecular insights. However, optimizing tissue sample preparation for MALDI-MSI to achieve high sensitivity and reproducibility for various biomolecules, such as lipids, -glycans, and tryptic peptides, presents a significant challenge. This study introduces a robust and reproducible protocol for the comprehensive sequential analysis of the latter molecules using MALDI-MSI in fresh-frozen rodent brain tissue samples.

Safety and efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis: study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Little is known about the involvement of gut microbiota in the disease course of diverticulitis and the potential benefits of manipulating the gut milieu. We propose to conduct a randomised placebo-controlled feasibility trial of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) given as capsules to patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis.

Objectives: The objective is primarily to investigate the feasibility of clinical safety, explore efficacy associated with FMT in this patient population, and examine changes in patient-reported quality of life and the composition and function of the gut microbiota.

Cost-effectiveness models of non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic literature review.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents a formidable global health challenge owing to significant morbidity, high mortality rates, and substantial economic burden. Recent advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies have transformed NSCLC treatment, but efficacy varies across patients. Tailoring treatment to patients can improve outcomes and potentially improve cost-effectiveness (ie, value for money) as well.

The risk of drug-induced liver injury associated with flucloxacillin: a nationwide, entropy-balanced cohort study.

Objectives: In this nationwide cohort study in a Scandinavian setting, we aimed to investigate the magnitude of association between flucloxacillin use and drug-induced liver injury (DILI).

Methods: Nationwide cohort study among adults in Sweden, 2006-2018, was conducted. Register data on filled prescriptions, patient characteristics, co-medications, and DILI were linked.

Platelet characteristics in extremely preterm infants after fatty acid supplementation: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Two risk factors for severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely preterm infants are thrombocytopenia and low levels of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). To date, these risk factors have not been linked.

Method: Infants born < 28 weeks gestational age (GA) from 2016 to 2019 were randomized to postnatal enteral AA/DHA supplementation or standard care (controls).

Oat polar lipids and sunflower lecithin similarly improve cardiometabolic risk markers and appetite controlling hormone responses after breakfast and a subsequent lunch. A randomized crossover study in healthy adults.

Introduction: The alarming global increase in lifestyle-related disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased during the last several decades. Poor dietary choices significantly contribute to this increase and prevention measures are urgently needed. Dietary intake of bioactive compounds found in foods are linked to a decrease likelihood of these disorders.

Politically Contaminated Clothes, Chocolates, and Charities: Distancing From Neutral Products Liked by Out-Group or In-Group Partisans.

This research demonstrates that people distance themselves not just from out-group partisans or policies but also from completely neutral and apolitical consumer products that have been "contaminated" simply by being preferred by the political out-group. Using large representative samples of Swedish adults, we investigated how aesthetic judgments of clothes (Study 1), evaluations of chocolate bars (Study 2), and allocations to charitable organizations (Study 3) were influenced by a randomly assigned association between these products and the leader or supporters of the participant's least- or most-liked political party. Products liked by the least-liked party became less attractive in all studies; the results were mixed for products liked by the most-liked party.

Multi-Center Fetal Brain Tissue Annotation (FeTA) Challenge 2022 Results.

Segmentation is a critical step in analyzing the developing human fetal brain. There have been vast improvements in automatic segmentation methods in the past several years, and the Fetal Brain Tissue Annotation (FeTA) Challenge 2021 helped to establish an excellent standard of fetal brain segmentation. However, FeTA 2021 was a single center study, limiting real-world clinical applicability and acceptance.

Impact of lifestyle intervention on vitamin D, Adiponectin, Insulin-like growth factor 1 and Proneurotensin in overweight individuals from the Middle East.

Background: Immigrants from the Middle East (ME) have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to the native-born Swedish population. In individuals free from T2D, ME immigrants are more insulin resistant and have lower levels of adjusted insulin secretion (Disposition index, DIo) compared to Swedish-born individuals. The ethnic differences are not fully explained by traditional risk factors.

Women's health and psychological well-being in the return-to-work process after long-term sick leave for common mental disorders: women's and first-line managers' perspectives.

Background And Aim: Common mental disorders are common reasons for long-term sick leave, especially among women. Return to work is often complex and unsuccessful, why more knowledge is needed regarding women's health and psychological well-being in the return-to-work process. Therefore, the aim was to describe women's health and psychological well-being in the return-to-work process, from women's and first-line managers' perspectives.

Sociodemographic differences in the response to changes in COVID-19 testing guidelines.

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Sweden emphasized voluntary guidelines over mandates. We exploited a rapid change and reversal of the Public Health Agency of Sweden's COVID-19 testing guidelines for vaccinated and recently infected individuals as a quasi-experiment to examine sociodemographic differences in the response to changes in pandemic guidelines. We analyzed daily polymerase chain reaction tests from 1 October 2021 to 15 December 2021, for vaccinated or recently infected adults (≥20 years; n = 1 596 321) from three Swedish regions (Stockholm, Örebro, and Dalarna).

'Does this fecal microbiota transplant work?' Quality assurance of capsule based fecal microbiota transplant production.

Background: Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT) is an effective treatment for recurring Clostridioides Difficile Infections (rCDI). FMT administered oral capsules (caFMT) offers several practical advantages to conventional liquid FMT. We began using caFMT in 2021 imported from an external institution.