Quality of Cancer Recurrence Data in the National Cancer Database: A Reappraisal of Reporting Readiness.

Background: This study evaluated the quality of cancer recurrence data in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to determine if missingness and reporting consistency have improved enough to support national research.

Methods: This multi-methods study included NCDB analyses and a cancer registry staff survey. Trends in recurrence data missingness from 2004 to 2021 and multivariable analyses of factors associated with missingness from 2017 to 2021 were evaluated for 4,568,927 patients with non-metastatic cancer.

Exploration of bioactive molecules from Sesbania grandiflora (L.): identification of squalene as an effective compound against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, through molecular docking.

Two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch is a devastating polyphagous mite causing considerable economic loss. Acaricides are showered in crops to manage this pest. The pest is known for developing resistance to several classical acaricides.

Rapid nongenomic estrogen signaling controls alcohol drinking behavior in mice.

Ovarian-derived estrogen can signal non-canonically at membrane-associated receptors in the brain to rapidly regulate neuronal function. Early alcohol drinking confers greater risk for alcohol use disorder in women than men, and binge alcohol drinking is correlated with high estrogen levels, but a causal role for estrogen in driving alcohol drinking has not been established. We found that female mice displayed greater binge alcohol drinking and reduced avoidance when estrogen was high during the estrous cycle than when it was low.

Combined Autologous Breast Reconstruction and Gynecologic Procedures: Does Timing Affect Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcomes?

Background: Patients with or at risk for breast cancer may opt for risk-reducing gynecologic surgeries, including bilateral salpingo-oophorectomies and/or total abdominal hysterectomy. The timing and safety of combining these procedures with autologous breast reconstruction (ABR) are debated. This study assesses the impact of concurrent ABR and gynecologic surgeries on clinical and patient-reported outcomes.

Moving Towards the Outpatient DIEP Flap: Factors Influencing Early Discharge.

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols can reduce the length of stay (LOS) for surgical patients, including those undergoing unilateral deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction, allowing most patients to be discharged by postoperative day 2. However, some patients require a prolonged inpatient stay due to difficulty completing postoperative milestones. This study aims to identify factors associated with increased LOS after DIEP flap breast reconstruction and assess safety of earlier discharge.

Improving the Evaluation of Aesthetic Outcomes in DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction: Validation of the Aesthetic Grading Tool.

Introduction: This study aimed to develop and validate an aesthetic grading tool (AGT) for bilateral DIEP flap breast reconstruction and investigate the correlation of BREAST-Q scores with perceived aesthetic outcomes.

Methods: The AGT utilized a Likert scale to rate aesthetic outcomes based on photographs of post-reconstruction breasts. The validation involved iterative testing with healthcare providers and patients.

Widening Racial Disparities in the U.S. Overdose Epidemic.

Introduction: More Americans died in 2021 from drug overdose than from vehicle accidents and firearms combined. Unlike earlier phases, the current epidemic is marked by its disproportionate impact on communities of color. This report investigates regional and substance-specific variations in racial disparities to generate possible insights into the various forces shaping these trends.

Pernicious Pouch of Problems: A Challenging Case of Massive Hemorrhage Secondary to Jejunal Diverticular Bleeding.

Small bowel (SB) diverticulosis is an uncommon diagnosis and a rare cause of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. A particularly rare form of SB diverticular disease, jejunal diverticulosis, is usually discovered due to complications, such as hemorrhage, obstruction, or perforation. Owing in part to its rarity, jejunal diverticular bleeding can be difficult to identify and treat, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality.

IMPROVED PORTABLE INSTRUMENT TRACKING SYSTEM FOR SURGICAL TRAINING.

Surgeons in training have a limited opportunity to practice their skills in a realistic surgical environment. Surgical training models are expensive and are often single-use exercises involving consumable supplies. The goal of the work presented in this paper is to increase surgeon training time by developing a surgical training simulator that is portable, inexpensive, and offers a realistic surgical environment.

Outcomes after unilateral bevacizumab treatment for infants with asymmetric retinopathy of prematurity.

In this retrospective study of asymmetric retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) cases treated with unilateral intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB), half of the treated patients did not require further IVB, whereas the other half required sequential IVB at a mean of 12 days after initial treatment.

Comprehension of acoustically degraded emotional prosody in Alzheimer's disease and primary progressive aphasia.

Previous research suggests that emotional prosody perception is impaired in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and primary progressive aphasia (PPA). However, no previous research has investigated emotional prosody perception in these diseases under non-ideal listening conditions. We recruited 18 patients with AD, and 31 with PPA (nine logopenic (lvPPA); 11 nonfluent/agrammatic (nfvPPA) and 11 semantic (svPPA)), together with 24 healthy age-matched individuals.

Swab Testing to Optimize Pneumonia treatment with empiric Vancomycin (STOP-Vanc): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Vancomycin, an antibiotic with activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is frequently included in empiric treatment for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) despite the fact that MRSA is rarely implicated in CAP. Conducting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing on nasal swabs to identify the presence of MRSA colonization has been proposed as an antimicrobial stewardship intervention to reduce the use of vancomycin. Observational studies have shown reductions in vancomycin use after implementation of MRSA colonization testing, and this approach has been adopted by CAP guidelines.

Transcriptomic resources for Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister), a widespread invasive pest of Brassicales.

The bagrada bug, Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister), is an emerging agricultural pest in the Americas, threatening agricultural production in the southwestern United States, Mexico and Chile, as well as in the Old World (including Africa, South Asia and, more recently, Mediterranean areas of Europe). Substantive transcriptomic sequence resources for this damaging species would be beneficial towards understanding its capacity for developing insecticide resistance, identifying viruses that may be present throughout its population and identifying genes differentially expressed across life stages that could be exploited for biomolecular pesticide formulations. This study establishes B.

HIV, measles, and syphilis: histopathologic characteristics of lymphatic system involvement of three reemerging infectious diseases.

The resurgence of measles, syphilis, and HIV presents a significant threat to global health, especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. These three infections involve lymph nodes and have unique pathologic findings in lymph nodes. We explore the pathological and clinical characteristics of these infections, focusing on their involvement of lymph nodes and their pathologic diagnosis in lymph node specimens.

National outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing O145:H28 associated with pre-packed sandwiches, United Kingdom, May-June 2024.

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) is a group of bacteria that causes gastrointestinal illness and occasionally causes large foodborne outbreaks. It represents a major public health concern due to its ability to cause severe illness which can sometimes be fatal. This study was undertaken as part of a rapid investigation into a national foodborne outbreak of STEC O145.

Impact of maternal antenatal nutrition and infection treatment interventions on Longitudinal Infant Development and Growth in rural Ethiopia: protocol of the LIDG child follow-up study.

Introduction: Maternal undernutrition and inflammation in utero may significantly impact the neurodevelopmental potential of offspring. However, few studies have investigated the effects of pregnancy interventions on long-term child growth and development. This study will examine the effects of prenatal nutrition and infection management interventions on long-term growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes of offspring.

Umbilical Amniotic Tissue Graft as an Alternative Approach for Eyelid Reconstruction After Necrotizing Fasciitis Debridement.

A 54-year-old female with myelodysplastic syndrome on chemotherapy presented with 10 days of periocular erythema and edema worsening on oral antibiotics. Computed Tomography scan showed periorbital soft tissue swelling without postseptal extension or abscess. Intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics were administered.

Optimizing RNA extraction methods for high-throughput transcriptome sequencing of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cardiac tissue specimens.

Archived FFPE cardiac tissue specimens are valuable for molecular studies aimed at identifying biomarkers linked to mortality in cardiovascular disease. Establishing a reliable and reproducible RNA extraction method is critical for generating high-quality transcriptome sequences for molecular assays. Here, the efficiency of four RNA extraction methods: Qiagen AllPrep DNA/RNA method (Method QP); Qiagen AllPrep DNA/RNA method with protocol modification on the ethanol wash step after deparaffinization (Method QE); CELLDATA RNA extraction (Method BP) and CELLDATA RNA extraction with protocol modifications on the lysis step (Method BL) was compared on 23 matching FFPE cardiac tissue specimens (n = 92).

Unraveling the relationship between stress exposure and childhood anxiety: Considering accumulation, impact, and type in the first five years of life.

Exposure to stressful events is linked to anxiety symptoms in children, although research examining this association in the first five years of life is limited. We sought to examine the role of various aspects of family stressful experiences such as the total accumulation, impact, and type (measured longitudinally in the first five years of life) on child anxiety symptoms at age 5 years. A community sample of children and their parents (N = 399) enrolled in a longitudinal study of emotion processing were assessed when the children were infants and at ages 2 years, 3 years, and 5 years.

Exploring the Laws of Developmental Direction Using a Documented Skeletal Collection.

Objectives: Many human growth studies note a trend of differential variation in limb segment lengths, where distal elements show greater variability than their proximal counterparts. This has been attributed to their developmental sequence, where bones further from the head develop later and are more impacted by fluctuating growth conditions. We aimed to explore limb dimensions within this framework, known as the laws of developmental direction, in children (0.

Systemic ketamine toxicity following dermal application of a compounded pain cream.

Ketamine is an NMDA receptor antagonist commonly used as a dissociative anesthetic and analgesic. Though it is conventionally administered via the intravenous, intramuscular, or intranasal route, use as a compounded analgesic cream is becoming increasingly common. This is a case report of a 61-year-old man who was detained by the police for erratic driving.

Risk for exertional heat illness among US army enlistees: climate indexes, intrinsic factors and their interactions.

Objectives: To characterise intrinsic and extrinsic (climatic) risks for mild and severe exertional heat illness (EHI) among first-year army enlistees.

Methods: We examined 337 786 soldiers who enlisted between 2012 and 2019. Survival models were used to predict incident EHI from intrinsic factors (demographics, healthcare utilisation, chronic conditions, body mass index (BMI), Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT), upper/lower respiratory tract infections (URTI and LRTI), skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTI), extrinsic factors (geographical region, daily mean Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT)) and interactions.

EEG-based brain age prediction in infants-toddlers: Implications for early detection of neurodevelopmental disorders.

The infant brain undergoes rapid developmental changes in the first three years of life. Understanding these changes through the prediction of chronological age using neuroimaging can provide insights into typical and atypical brain development. We utilized 938 resting-state EEG recordings from 457 typically developing infants, 2 to 38 months old, to develop age prediction models.

Lower Commercial Rates for Breast Surgical Procedures are Associated with Socioeconomic Disadvantage: A Transparency in Coverage Analysis.

Background: The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented the Transparency in Coverage Rule in 2022, which requires payers to disclose commercial rates for the first time in the history of the US healthcare system. The purpose of this study was to characterize payer-disclosed commercial facility rates and examine the relationship with county-level social disadvantage for common breast surgical procedures.

Materials And Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 2023 pricing data for 14 ablative and reconstructive breast procedures from Turquoise Health.

Assessing the knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare staff and students regarding disposal of unwantead medications: a systematic review.

Objectives: We sought to review studies that examine healthcare professionals' and students' knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding medication disposal. We also explore recommendations and barriers related to appropriate medication disposal.

Design: A systematic review was conducted that adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.