Community-engaged adaptation of ACCESS: A navigator-led early palliative care intervention for Black and Latina women with advanced breast cancer.

Introduction: Disparities in early palliative care (PC) access for Black and Latina women with advanced breast cancer (ABC) persist. This study elicited qualitative feedback from patients with ABC and health professionals to adapt a community navigator-led early PC program called ACCESS to improve PC access and supportive care outcomes for Black and Latina women with ABC.

Methods: This was a formative evaluation study using a community-engaged approach.

An intervention in the paediatric cardiac ICU to standardise pre-family meeting huddles is feasible, acceptable, and improves clinician teamwork.

Introduction: Interprofessional teams in the pediatric cardiac ICU consolidate their management plans in pre-family meeting huddles, a process that affects the course of family meetings but often lacks optimal communication and teamwork.

Methods: Cardiac ICU clinicians participated in an interprofessional intervention to improve how they prepared for and conducted family meetings. We conducted a pretest-posttest study with clinicians participating in huddles before family meetings.

ASA score is an independent predictor of 1-year outcome after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether incorporating pre-injury health status, measured by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, improves outcome prediction models for moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI) patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-center study of msTBI patients (2005-2021). The primary outcome was 1-year Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS, dichotomized as GOS1-3 (unfavorable) vs.

Phosphorus and cover crop management practices affect phosphorus speciation in soils and eroded sediments.

Agricultural runoff often contains P in dissolved and sediment-bound forms, decreasing surface water quality. No-till and cover cropping conservation practices have been recommended for reducing erosion and nutrient loss from cropping systems. The overall aims of this study were to characterize and evaluate the effects of fertilizer (placement and source) and cover crop management on P speciation in surface runoff sediments and source soil.

Characterization and bioinformatic filtering of ambient gRNAs in single-cell CRISPR screens using CLEANSER.

Single-cell RNA sequencing CRISPR (perturb-seq) screens enable high-throughput investigation of the genome, allowing for characterization of thousands of genomic perturbations on gene expression. Ambient gRNAs, which are contaminating gRNAs, are a major source of noise in perturb-seq experiments because they result in an excess of false-positive gRNA assignments. Here, we utilize CRISPR barnyard assays to characterize ambient gRNAs in perturb-seq screens.

Emerging screening platform characterises aminoquinoline structure-activity relationships with phospholipid layers.

Aminoquinolines (AQ) and substituted aminoquinolines (s-AQ) interact with electrochemically monitored supported dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) monolayers and immobilised artificial membranes (IAM) on HPLC column. The electrochemical sensor records adsorption/partition of the compound on and into the layer as well as specific interactions due to the location of the compound in the layer. HPLC-IAM technology measures the partition coefficient between the solution and phospholipid including partition due to interaction of the positive molecular charge with the phospholipid polar heads.

Disentangling Centrality Bias and Final-State Effects in the Production of High-p_{T} Neutral Pions Using Direct Photon in d+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV.

PHENIX presents a simultaneous measurement of the production of direct γ and π^{0} in d+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV over a p_{T} range of 7.5 to 18  GeV/c for different event samples selected by event activity, i.e.

Colloidal Crystallization on Cones.

We explore experimentally how a conical surface frustrates the growth of colloidal crystals. Whereas crystals on a cylinder can form perfect commensurate bands, crystals on a cone tend to form tilt grain boundaries with misorientation angles set by the conical geometry. However, at small cone angles, where the surface deviates only slightly from that of a cylinder, crystals can form commensurate bands, the widths limited by the emergence of dislocations.

Comparative transcriptomics reveals a mixed basal, club, and hillock epithelial cell identity in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Inhibiting the androgen receptor (AR) is effective for treatment of advanced prostate cancers because of their AR-dependent luminal epithelial cell identity. Tumors progress during therapy to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) by restoring AR signaling and maintaining luminal identity or by converting through lineage plasticity to a neuroendocrine (NE) identity or double-negative CRPC (DNPC) lacking luminal or NE identities. Here, we show that DNPC cells express genes defining basal, club, and hillock epithelial cells from benign prostate.

Lifestyle modification program (IM Healthy) for cancer survivors: Implementation of a reimbursable telehealth group program during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: We designed and pilot-tested a reimbursable lifestyle change program delivered via telehealth that was initiated during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The program (IM Healthy) focused on increasing physical activity, improving nutrition, and facilitating stress management and healthy behavior change. Retrospective chart review was used to collect data on IM Healthy participants from the period of Sept 2021 to Aug 2022.

High-purity CTC RNA sequencing identifies prostate cancer lineage phenotypes prognostic for clinical outcomes.

The development of treatment resistance remains universal for patients with metastatic prostate cancer, driven by AR alterations and lineage state transitions. Identifying the evolution of lineage transitions in treatment resistance has been limited by the challenges of collecting serial tissue biopsies on treatment, which can be overcome using blood-based liquid biopsies. Utilizing a novel circulating tumor cell (CTC) isolation approach, we collected 273 CTC samples from 117 patients with metastatic prostate cancer for RNA sequencing.

Real-world treatment and health care utilization among patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy by race and ethnicity in a Medicaid population.

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare neuromuscular disorder, and data on the impact of patients' race on treatment outcomes and health care resource utilization are lacking.

Objective: To describe the real-world treatment and health care utilization among patients with DMD, by race, in a Medicaid population.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with DMD in the Merative Multi-State Medicaid Database between January 2017 and June 2021.

Substance Use Disorder and Harm Reduction Curriculum in United States and Canadian Undergraduate Medical Education: An Online Survey.

Background: Substance use disorders (SUD) are a significant public health challenge, necessitating that clinicians are trained in SUD treatment and harm reduction (HR) strategies. Despite this, no studies have assessed the extent of SUD and HR training across all medical schools. This study assesses the current state of SUD and HR curriculum among medical students in the United States and Canada.

The hidden economic and environmental costs of antimicrobial therapies: a call to action.

The overuse and inappropriate use of antimicrobials have led to environmental waste and drug shortages. This challenges the ecological and economical sustainability of our healthcare system and worsens antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) commonly consider the cost of drug acquisition but may be failing to recognize the hidden costs of multi-dose intravenous regimens including additional nursing administration time, tubing and fluids, and potentially increased hospital length of stay.

New diagnosis in psychiatry: beyond heuristics.

Background: Diagnosis in psychiatry faces familiar challenges. Validity and utility remain elusive, and confusion regarding the fluid and arbitrary border between mental health and illness is increasing. The mainstream strategy has been conservative and iterative, retaining current nosology until something better emerges.

Development of Patient-Specific Nomogram to Assist in Clinical Decision-Making for Single Port Versus Multi-Port Robotic Partial Nephrectomy: A Report from the Single Port Advanced Robotic Consortium.

To develop a patient-specific algorithm to better guide clinical decision-making when considering between single port (SP) and multi-port (MP) robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN). A retrospective review was performed on the institutional review board-approved, prospectively maintained multi-institutional database of the Single Port Advanced Research Consortium to identify all consecutive patients who underwent SP and MP-RPN between 2019 and 2023. Baseline clinicodemographic variables were used to identify the significant predictors of SP-RPN.

In vitro studies on stability and phosphatase activity of the anticancer agent LB-100 and its active hydrolysis product endothall.

LB-100, a small molecule PP2A inhibitor currently in phase 1 and 2 dose-finding and efficacy trials, is an amide that is stable at pH ≥ 10.5, but can hydrolyze at lower pH values to endothall and N-methylpiperazine. Endothall has been detected in plasma of patients after i.

Examining social support and belonging as mental health protective factors for undergraduates with adverse childhood experiences.

Objective: In this study, we examine social support and sense of belonging as protective factors against depression and anxiety among undergraduates with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), a growing population at heightened risk for mental health problems.

Participants: Our sample of 170 undergraduates (ages 18-25) attending a large public university in the southwestern US was comprised of predominantly female-identified (69%), South Asian (45%), junior and senior (78%), full time (97%) students.

Methods: Students self-reported ACEs, perceived social support, sense of school belonging, and depression and anxiety symptoms in fall 2022.

Synergistic effects of plasma S100B and MRI measures of cerebrovascular disease on cognition in older adults.

There is growing interest in studying vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) and developing biomarkers to identify at-risk individuals. A combination of biofluid and neuroimaging markers may better profile early stage VCID than individual measures. Here, we tested this possibility focusing on plasma levels of S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), which has been linked with blood-brain-barrier (BBB) integrity, and neuroimaging measures assessing BBB function (water exchange rate across the BBB (k)) and cerebral small vessel disease (white matter hyperintensities (WMHs)).

Phenotype-directed discovery of diverse, biologically-relevant molecular scaffolds.

An array of reactions of diazo substrates with many possible outcomes was executed, and the biological relevance of the resulting products assessed in the cell painting assay. Reactions that had yielded bioactive products were scaled-up, and the products structurally elucidated. By bypassing the need to characterise all reaction products, this phenotype-directed approach enabled efficient discovery of functionally-distinctive molecules based on novel, structurally-diverse scaffolds.

The Impact of a Concomitant Meniscus Surgery on Hop Performance Symmetry in Patients Rehabilitating After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Meniscus injuries often accompany anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. However, little is known about how different surgical approaches to treat concomitant meniscus injuries impact hop performance after ACL reconstruction. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare hop test inter-limb symmetry for patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction without an associated meniscal surgery, patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction with a meniscus repair, and patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction with a partial meniscectomy.

Enabling Selective Mechanochemical Scission of Network Crosslinks by Exchanging Single Carbon Atoms for Silicon.

The tearing of a polymer network arises from mechanochemically coupled bond-breaking events in the backbone of a polymer chain. An emerging research area is the identification of molecular strategies for network toughening, such as the strategic placement of mechanochemically reactive groups (e.g.