Swept-source optical coherence tomography early findings in patients with carotid artery disease.

Purpose: Ocular ischemic syndrome can be the first and only hint of life-threatening carotid artery disease. The early recognition of carotid stenosis-related retinal signs, as well as the comprehension of the pathophysiology behind retinal changes could become relevant for physicians to predict the risk of stroke. The aim of this study is to assess the carotid artery disease-induced early structural retinochoroidal changes by means of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Repeatability of swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography automated macular vessel density.

Introduction: Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Ratio Analysis (OCTARA) is capable of visualizing inner and outer retinal vascular plexuses, choriocapillaris, and larger choroidal vasculature in vivo without contrast injection. The aim of this study was to assess the intrasession repeatability of automated vessel density measurements using Triton Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) innovative algorithm OCTARA in retinal and choroidal vasculature.

Methods: To study population between 65-90 years old with no eye diseases.

Aneurysmal type 2 neovascularization: A new entity.

Purpose: To report three cases of aneurysmal type 2 neovascularization (AT2), a novel entity within the pachychoroid disease (PD) spectrum.

Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective study of three patients with subretinal polyps treated with intravitreal aflibercept. We reviewed clinical and imaging data of the three patients.

Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of choroidal microvasculature in various forms of diabetic macular edema.

Introduction: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) research in diabetic macular edema (DME) has focused on the retinal microvasculature with little attention to the choroid. The goal of this study was to analyze the association between quantitative choroidal OCTA parameters and various forms of DME observed on optical coherence tomography.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 61 eyes of 53 patients with DME.

Quantitative Assessment of Retinal and Choroidal Microvasculature in Asymptomatic Patients with Carotid Artery Stenosis.

Significance: Carotid disease contributes to 15 to 20% of all ischemic strokes, one of the leading causes of permanent disabilities and mortality globally. With its growing prevalence and the inflicted disability rates, screening for anomalies that precede the onset of its serious complications is of crucial global significance.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the relationship between retinal and choroidal perfusion changes with the degree of stenosis using quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis.

Two-Year Results of a Treat and Extend Regimen with Aflibercept in Caucasian Patients with Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy.

Introduction: There are few reports evaluating the treatment of pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) in white patients. The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of a treat and extend regimen with aflibercept in white patients with PNV after 2 years of follow-up.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study in 31 eyes of 26 patients with PNV treated with a treat an extend regimen of intravitreal aflibercept.

Optical coherence tomography angiography quantitative analysis of retinal and choroidal microvasculature in patients with dyslipidemia.

Introduction: The purpose of this investigation was to report swept source-optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) quantitative information of retinal and choroidal microvascularization in patients with dyslipidemia (DL).

Methods: We performed a retrospective study. The study enrolled 37 eyes of 20 patients with DL and 40 eyes of 23 healthy subjects.

Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography automatic analysis of microvascular changes secondary to systemic hypertension.

Introduction: The aim of our study is to report swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) quantitative parameters of retinal and choroidal microvasculature in patients with systemic hypertension (HTN) using a built-in software of SS-OCTA.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study. This study enrolled 93 eyes of 51 subjects with HTN and 71 eyes of 38 healthy subjects.

Optical coherence tomography biomarkers in patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion treated with dexamethasone implant.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers on intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant clinical outcomes in patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO-ME).

Methods: Retrospective study conducted on a cohort of patients with RVO-ME, either naïve or previously treated, who underwent treatment with DEX implant and had a follow-up of 6 months. Anatomic success was defined as a central retinal thickness (CRT) < 250 μm or a relative reduction of CRT ≥10% from baseline.

New insights in pathogenic mechanism of hydroxychloroquine retinal toxicity through optical coherence tomography angiography analysis.

Introduction: There is only a unique report with a small sample size studying hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinal toxicity with swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The aim of this study was to quantify OCTA quantitative parameters in patients who underwent HCQ therapy.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study.

Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of aneurismal type 1 neovascularization in a cohort of white patients.

Introduction: To evaluate the detection rate of aneurysmal type 1 neovascularization (AT1) in Caucasian patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to describe OCTA characteristics of AT1 in a cohort of white patients.

Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective study in 44 eyes of 43 patients with AT1. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including fundus imaging, indocyanine green angiography, optical coherence tomography, and OCTA.

Quantitative analysis of retinal and choroidal vasculature in patients with chorioretinal folds secondary to hyperopia.

Introduction: There is a lack of information on quantitative parameters of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in cases of chorioretinal folds (CRF). The aim of this study was to compare OCTA retinal and choriocapillary vessel density (VD) between normal subjects and patients with CRF.

Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective study.

Vitamin A retinopathy secondary to Billroth II anastomosis triggered after the beginning of dialysis.

Purpose: To report a case of vitamin A retinopathy secondary to Billroth II anastomosis triggered after the beginning of dialysis in a patient with a chronic renal failure.

Case Report: A 73-year-old male complained of nyctalopia that had started 9 months ago, coinciding with the beginning of dialysis. His medical history is remarkable for hepatic cirrhosis and Billroth II anastomosis 20 years ago.

Two-year results of a treat and extend regimen with aflibercept in Caucasian patients with aneurysmal type 1 neovascularization.

Introduction: There are a few reports investigating the treatment of aneurysmal type 1 neovascularization (AT1) in Caucasian patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the 2-year results of a treat and extend regimen with aflibercept in Caucasian patients with AT1.

Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective study in 28 eyes of 26 patients with naïve AT1 treated with a treat an extend regimen of intravitreal aflibercept.

Multimodal imaging of two cases of retinal vein occlusion secondary to Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia.

Purpose: To report multimodal imaging characteristics of two cases of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) secondary to Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM).

Case Report: Case 1: An 82-year-old woman presented with vision loss. She had a history of WM.

Effect of Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant on Visual Acuity and Foveal Photoreceptor Integrity in Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vascular Disease.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the dexamethasone intravitreal (DEX) implant on the external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (EZ) integrity in treatment-naïve patients with macular edema (ME) secondary to retinal vascular disease (RVD).

Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted on patients with ME secondary to RVD, who underwent a DEX implant.

Results: One-hundred eyes were included.

Multimodal imaging in phototoxic maculopathy: description of findings in a series of 12 patients.

Objective: To study the differences between solar retinopathy (SR) and the maculopathy produced by laser pointer (LPM) using multimodal imaging.

Method: A retrospective series is presented of 20 eyes of 12 patients with injuries associated with light, 7 with SR-compatible injuries, and 5 with LPM. At diagnosis, a complete ophthalmological examination was performed, including visual acuity (VA), retinography, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Peripapillary pachychoroid neovasculopathy: A novel entity.

Purpose: Peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome is a new variant of pachychoroid disease recently described. It is important to establish the features and pathogenic mechanisms of this novel entity and its possible association with type 1 neovascularization. The aim of this study is to report a case of peripapillary pachychoroid neovasculopathy, a novel entity of pachychoroid spectrum disease.

Analysis of anatomical biomarkers in subtypes of diabetic macular edema refractory to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treated with dexamethasone implant.

Introduction: To analyze functional and anatomical outcomes in subtypes of diabetic macular edema treated with a single dexamethasone implant and to assess the usefulness of a pro-re-nata treatment among subtypes.

Methods: Retrospective study in morphologic patterns of diabetic macular edema (diffuse retinal thickening n = 15; cystoid macular edema n = 38, and serous retinal detachment n = 17) recalcitrant to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, treated with dexamethasone implant. Examinations included timing to recidive of diabetic macular edema, best-corrected visual acuity, and central subfield macular thickness at 2, 4, and 6 months.

Intravitreal dexamethasone implant Ozurdex® in naïve and refractory patients with different subtypes of diabetic macular edema.

Background: Diabetic macular edema (DME) can be treated with different alternatives, among them Dexamethasone intravitreal implant 0.7 mg (DEX 0.7) has demonstrated that may improve both central macular thickness (CMT) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Sequential Dexamethasone and Aflibercept Treatment in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema: Structural and Functional Outcomes at 52 Weeks.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to compare intravitreous aflibercept versus dexamethasone implant followed by aflibercept (sequential treatment group) in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective study in naïve DME patients, 15 treated only with aflibercept (a monthly injection for the first 5 consecutive doses, followed by an injection every 2 months), and 15 treated with a single dexamethasone implant followed by bimonthly aflibercept. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and qualitative features as well as adverse events were assessed at baseline and at 2, 6, and 12 months.