Wolframite (FeWO) is a type of polyoxometalate known for its high chemical stability and electronic properties, which makes it an excellent photocatalyst. While FeWO has been widely utilized in the domain of organic catalysis, there are currently no documented reports regarding its use in the degradation of U(VI). In this study, the effect of changing the microscopic morphology of the FeWO catalyst to enhance its photocatalytic activity was explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFace forgery detection aims to distinguish AI generated fake faces with real faces. With the rapid development of face forgery creation algorithms, a large number of generative models have been proposed, which gradually reduce the local distortion phenomenon or the specific frequency traces in these models. At the same time, in the process of face data compression and transmission, distortion phenomenon and specific frequency cues could be eliminated, which brings severe challenges to the performance and generalization ability of face forgery detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Hypertrophic scarring is an abnormal condition involving excessive fibroblast activation, aberrant extracellular matrix deposition, and persistent inflammation. Current treatments have limited efficacy and potential adverse effects, necessitating the development of new approaches. Purpose In this study, we investigated the effects of artesunate (ART) on hypertrophic scar (HS) formation and explored the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetal catalysts for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) face challenges such as high cost, limited durability and environmental impact. Although various diverse and functional metal-free catalysts have been developed, they often suffer from slow kinetics, low selectivity, and non-recyclability, significantly limiting their practical applications. In this study, we introduce a recyclable non-metallic polymer material (vitrimer) for a new platform in contact-electro-catalysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is highly desired to get rid of the high-temperature annealing process in manufacturing perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to reduce production costs. Herein, perovskite films are designed by rapidly evaporating of a mixture solvent consisting of methylamine ethanol solution (MA-EtOH sol) and acetonitrile (ACN) (MA-EtOH-ACN) by dopping different amounts of formamidinium iodide (FAI) into the CHNHPbI (MAPbI) precursor solution; as a result, the high-temperature annealing step is effectively eliminated while the perovskite solar cell efficiency remains unchanged. The in situ UV-vis absorption for monitoring the perovskite crystallization process shows that FAI retards the crystallization rate, leading to a dense and smooth film.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn a recent study, Hou et al. developed a high-resolution, haplotype-based pangenome for moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), revealing significant genetic diversity and over 1000 climate-associated variants. Their findings highlight adaptive mechanisms for the ecological resilience of bamboo, providing crucial insights for climate-resilient breeding and conservation to ensure the long-term ecological and economic benefits of moso bamboo amid climate change.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell
February 2025
Adversarial training has been proposed and widely recognized as a very effective method to defend against adversarial noise. However, the label flipping pattern on different classes still need deeper exploration to identify potential problems and assist in further enhancing robustness. In this work, we model the class-flipping distribution via statistical investigations and find this distribution reveals two shortcomings: the highly misleading category is present in the model's predictions for data in each class, and the trend in class flipping are significantly different across classes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Image Process
January 2025
Semi-Supervised Object Detection (SSOD) aims to improve the utilization of unlabeled data, and various methods, such as adaptive threshold techniques, have been extensively studied to increase exploitable information. However, these methods are passive, relying solely on the original image data. Additionally, existing approaches prioritize the predicted categories of the teacher model while overlooking the relationships between different categories in the prediction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst
November 2024
Quantizing neural network is an efficient model compression technique that converts weights and activations from floating-point to integer. However, existing model quantization methods are primarily designed for high-level visual tasks. They do not sufficiently consider the unique characteristics of feature distribution in image super-resolution (SR) reconstruction models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn electrode with RuO and IrO co-deposited on a Ti surface (Ti/RuO-IrO), notable for its high catalytic activity and stability, was developed for the rapid and environmentally friendly electrochemical determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD). This study thoroughly examined factors influencing electrode preparation, COD detection mechanisms, and the factors affecting COD detection, as well as broad-spectrum analysis. Under optimal conditions, which include a deposition time of 53.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) exhibits significant potential to efficiently convert CO into ethylene (CH). However, achieving high CH selectivity remains a considerable challenge due to the difficulty in effective C─C coupling and stringent requirements on CO purity. Herein, a novel contact-electro-catalysis method for CORR is presented by constructing dual-active-site catalysts on the electronegative tribolayer of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), including single copper atom anchored polymeric carbon nitride (Cu─PCN) and CuO nanoparticle, achieving an outstanding CH Faradaic efficiency of 63.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic stress and orthodontic treatment have been revealed to trigger systemic stress responses in rats. This study aimed to investigate the effects of restraint stress and orthodontic treatment on the intestinal epithelial structure, barrier function, flora, and metabolism in rats. Twenty 8-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham-stressed non-orthodontic (CC), sham-stressed orthodontic (CO), stressed non-orthodontic (SC), and stressed orthodontic (SO).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe increasing demand for sustainable solutions to address environmental and energy challenges has driven the development of advanced materials. Among them, nanofibrous membranes have emerged due to their high surface area, tunable porosity and versatile mechanical properties. However, traditional nanofibrous membranes, made from petroleum-based synthetic polymers, pose significant environmental concerns due to their non-biodegradability and reliance on fossil resources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVanadium dioxide (VO) is a key coating component for smart devices, especially in smart windows, due to its excellent thermochromic properties and metal-insulating transformation. In this study, we investigate the influence of different annealing on the VO thin films prepared by a sol-gel technique combined with spin-coating and compare the changes in morphology, structure, and optical properties. Of the two types of VO (M) films obtained by one-step annealing at 700 °C and two-step annealing at 500 and 700 °C, the two-step annealed samples formed an intermediate phase VO (B), which allowed them to exhibit higher purity and better crystallinity than those of the one-step annealed samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Few studies have explored the link between nutritional status and prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and existing findings are controversial. Thus, this study aimed to explore the effects of pre-treatment nutrition-related indicators on the prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed EOC.
Methods: In this ambispective cohort study, 1,020 patients with EOC diagnosed by pathology examination were enrolled and followed-up until December 31, 2023.
Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in laying hens is a nutritional and metabolic disease involving liver enlargement, hepatic steatosis, and hepatic hemorrhage as the primary symptoms. The syndrome is prone to occur during the peak laying period of laying hens, which has resulted in significant economic losses in the laying hen breeding industry; however, the specific pathogenesis of FLHS remains unclear. Our group and previous studies have shown that bile acid levels are significantly decreased during the development of fatty liver and that targeted activation of bile acid-related signaling pathways is beneficial for preventing and treating fatty liver.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransition-metal nitrides (TMNs) have garnered considerable attention for energy conversion applications owing to their exceptional electronic structures and high catalytic activities. However, the scarcity of active sites in TMNs impedes their large-scale application. This study describes the use of wetness impregnation and ionic-liquid methods to enhance the electrocatalytic efficiency of molybdenum nitride (MoN) atomic clusters finely dispersed on nitrogen-doped carbon (MoN@NC) substrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) is a promising technology for nitrogen removal, particularly suitable for low carbon-to-nitrogen wastewater without additional carbon sources. However, SAD inevitably generates significant amounts of SO. To address this issue, combining SAD with iron-carbon micro-electrolysis technology, which can reduce sulfate, provides electron donors for autotrophic denitrification and facilitates sulfur cycling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Control Release
February 2025
Rational drug development would be impossible without selecting the appropriate formulation route. However, pharmaceutical scientists often rely on limited personal experiences to perform trial-and-error tests on diverse formulation strategies. Such an inefficient screening manner not only wastes research investments but also threatens the safety of clinical volunteers and patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To present an overview of quantum dots' (QDs) applications in dental and oral medicine, identify research gaps in existing relevant research, and provide insights into future research.
Data And Sources: An extensive electronic search was conducted across five databases from their inception to April 2024, complemented by a manual search. There were no restrictions regarding language or publication year.
Cage-based MOFs, with their customizable chemical environments and precisely controllable nanospaces, show great potential for the selective adsorption of guest molecules with specific structures. In this work, we have constructed a novel cage-based MOF [(CH)NH][(UO)(TMTTA)]·11.5DMF·2HO (IHEP-51), utilizing a triazine derivative poly(carboxylic acid), 4,4',4″-(((1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(((4-carboxycyclohexyl)methyl)azanediyl))tris(methylene))tribenzoic acid (HTMTTA), as an organic ligand and uranyl as a metal node.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEssential membrane components and metabolites with a wide range of biological roles are both produced by cholesterol metabolism. Cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic stimuli alter cholesterol metabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which in turn encourages colorectal carcinogenesis. Metabolites produced from cholesterol play intricate roles in promoting the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and stifling immunological responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA red alga named was explored, and the extraction technology and antioxidant capacity of its polysaccharides were investigated. The crude polysaccharides were extracted using the ultrasound-assisted water extraction method, precipitated by alcohol, and purified using the trichloroacetic acid method. Subsequently, the scavenging rates of polysaccharides on hydroxyl, , and free radicals, were determined both prior to and following purification to evaluate their antioxidant activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSome lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce antibacterial substances such as bacteriocins, making them promising candidates for food preservation. In our study, PCZ4-a strain with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity-was isolated from traditional fermented kimchi in Sichuan. Whole-genome sequencing of PCZ4 revealed one chromosome and three plasmids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe current soil carbon paradigm puts particulate organic carbon (POC) as one of the major components of soil organic carbon worldwide, highlighting its pivotal role in carbon mitigation. In this study, we compiled a global dataset of 3418 data points of POC concentration in soils and applied empirical modeling and machine learning algorithms to investigate the spatial variation in POC concentration and its controls. The global POC concentration in topsoil (0-30 cm) is estimated as 3.
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