Assessing the bond strength of short fiber composites to dentin using various air abrasion particles.

Purpose: This study investigated the bond strength between short fiber-reinforced resin composite (SFC) and dentin following air abrasion with various types of abrasive particles.

Methods: A total of 120 human molars were prepared for a shear bond strength (SBS) test of the resin composite. The teeth were divided into 12 groups (n = 10/group) based on the air abrasion particle used.

Tooth Discoloration Induced by Different Calcium Silicate-Based Cements: A Two-Year Spectrophotometric and Photographic Evaluation in Vitro.

Objective: Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) may lead to coronal staining in young permanent teeth over the time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the long-term tooth discoloration induced by different CSCs.

Study Design: Ninety freshly-extracted human molars were assigned randomly into 6 groups (n=15/group) according to the CSC used as a pulpotomy material: ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, NeoMTA, EndoSequence Putty, Biodentine and Negative control (No cement).

Effect of Short-Term Aging on the Flexural Strength of a Novel Experimental CAD/CAM Fiber-Reinforced Composite Material: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: To investigate the three-point flexural strength of a novel CAD/CAM fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) material following different aging conditions.

Materials And Methods: The specimens were randomly assigned to one of five groups based on aging condition: (1) control (no treatment); (2) short-term water storage; (3) thermal degradation with autoclaving; (4) chemical degradation with hydrochloric acid; and (5) chemical degradation with citric acid (n = 10 per group). The specimens in the control group received no treatment.

A micro-computed tomographic assessment of root canal preparation with conventional and different rotary files in primary teeth and young permanent teeth.

Background: Root canals of primary teeth are commonly prepared with endodontic files that are originally manufactured for permanent teeth.

Aim: This micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) study evaluated and compared the changes in root canal morphology after preparation with different conventional and rotary files in primary teeth and young permanent teeth.

Design: Seventy-two extracted primary and permanent molars were selected and randomly assigned to three subgroups according to the file systems used (n = 12/each).

Dentinal Tubule Penetration and Retreatability of a Calcium Silicate-based Sealer Tested in Bulk or with Different Main Core Material.

Introduction: The aim of this study was 2-fold: to evaluate the penetration of a tricalcium silicate-based endodontic sealer (EndoSequence BC Sealer; Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA) into dentinal tubules without a core material (sealer) or with .02 or .04 tapered bioceramic gutta-percha points and to compare the time required to remove the root fillings .

Effect of Temperature of Sodium Hypochlorite on Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Heat-treated Reciprocating Files.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different temperatures of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on the cyclic fatigue resistance of the heat-treated file systems.

Methods: The cyclic fatigue resistance of Reciproc 25 (VDW Dental, Munich, Germany), Reciproc Blue R25 (VDW), WaveOne Primary (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), WaveOne Gold Primary (Dentsply Maillefer), and One Shape (25.06; Micro Mega, Besançon, France) was tested in the following conditions: control (no immersion), immersion in distilled water (DW) at 37°C ± 1°C, immersion in DW at 60°C ± 1°C, immersion in NaOCl at 37°C ± 1°C, and immersion in NaOCl at 60°C ± 1°C.

Influence of static and dynamic cyclic fatigue tests on the lifespan of four reciprocating systems at different temperatures.

Aim: To compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of four reciprocating single-file systems within artificial stainless-steel canals at two temperatures using different kinematics.

Methodology: A total of 240 instruments, Reciproc Blue, Reciproc, WaveOne Gold and WaveOne, (60 of each), were tested at room and intracanal temperature using both a static and a dynamic model (n = 15) in a stainless-steel artificial canal with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm, 60° angle of curvature and 5 mm radius of curvature until fracture occurred.

Effect of ultrasonic activation on dentinal tubule penetration of calcium silicate-based cements.

This study investigated the dentinal tubule penetration of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), NeoMTA Plus and Biodentine placed by either manual condensation or ultrasonic activation in simulated open apex model. Standardized divergent open apex models were created using palatal roots of 60 human maxillary molars and divided into six groups according to the used cements and activation methods (n = 10): MTA-manual condensation, MTA-ultrasonic activation, NeoMTA Plus-manual condensation, NeoMTA Plus-ultrasonic activation, Biodentine-manual condensation, Biodentine-ultrasonic activation. For the measurement of penetration, the cements were mixed with 0.

Effect of phytic acid on the setting times and tensile strengths of calcium silicate-based cements.

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of 1% phytic acid as a mixing medium on the setting times and diametral tensile strengths of different calcium silicate-based cements. Specimens for four experimental groups (n = 20/each) were fabricated by mixing ProRoot MTA (Dentsply) and Biodentine (Septodont) powders with their original liquids or with 1% phytic acid. Half of the samples in each group were immediately subjected to setting time tests, whereas the remaining half was subjected to the diametral tensile strength test after 3 weeks.

Revitalization of necrotic mature permanent incisors with apical periodontitis: a case report.

Despite considerable focus on the regenerative endodontic treatment of immature teeth with necrotic infected pulps and apical periodontitis, little data exist with regard to its possible implementation in necrotic permanent teeth with complete apical and radicular development. The present report describes the procedures and outcome of a regenerative endodontic treatment approach in 2 previously-traumatized incisors with closed apex with apical periodontitis. A 2-visit treatment procedure was employed.

Effect of Various Bleaching Agents on the Surface Composition and Bond Strength of a Calcium Silicate-based Cement.

This study aimed to evaluate the morphological and elemental changes that occur on the surface of calcium silicate-based cement (CSC) and to analyze the bond strength of composite resin to CSC after application of various bleaching agents. One hundred twenty-five CSC blocks (Biodentine) were prepared and randomly divided into five groups according to the bleaching agent applied over the material surface (n=25): SP-DW (sodium perborate-distilled water mixture), SP-HP (sodium perborate-3% hydrogen peroxide [HO] mixture), CP (37% carbamide peroxide gel), HP (35% HO gel), and a control group (no bleaching agent). After 1 week, scanning electron microscopy provided an analysis of the surface morphology and elemental composition for 10 specimens from each group.

Fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth after internal bleaching procedures.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth after internal bleaching. The teeth were assigned as follows (n = 12/group); Group-1: The pulp chamber was filled with ProRootMTA and bleached intracoronally with sodium perborate mixed with 37% carbamide peroxide gel; Group-2: The pulp chamber was filled with ProRootMTA without bleaching; Group-3: The pulp chamber was filled with Biodentine and bleached intracoronally as Group-1; Group-4: The pulp chamber was filled with Biodentine without bleaching; and Group-5: Teeth received no intervention (control). The specimens were loaded vertically until root fracture occurred.

Effect of Laser-Activated Irrigation on the Push-Out Bond Strength of ProRoot Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Biodentine in Furcal Perforations.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser-activated irrigation (LAI) of NaOCl on the push-out bond strength of furcal perforations repaired with ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine.

Background Data: Several studies investigated the adhesion of calcium silicate-based cements after exposure to endodontic irrigants, while effect of LAI on bond strength remains to be elucidated.

Materials And Methods: Bur-cut furcal perforations with standard dimensions were created in 100 extracted human mandibular molars.

Reinforcing Effect of Glass Fiber-incorporated ProRoot MTA and Biodentine as Intraorifice Barriers.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the fracture resistance of roots by using intraorifice barriers with glass fiber-incorporated ProRoot MTA and Biodentine.

Methods: The diametral tensile strength and compressive strength of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine were determined after incorporation of 5 wt% and 10 wt% alkali resistant (AR) glass fiber powder into both cements. On the basis of higher diametral tensile strength and compressive strength values, ProRoot MTA and Biodentine with 5 wt% AR glass fiber were selected for further testing as intraorifice barriers.

Effect of Laser-Activated Irrigation with Ethylene Diaminetetraacetic Acid and Phytic Acid on the Removal of Calcium Hydroxide and Triple Antibiotic Paste from Root Dentin.

Objective: This study assessed the efficacy of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser-activated irrigation (LAI) of ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and phytic acid on the removal of calcium hydroxide (CH) and triple antibiotic paste (TAP) from root canals.

Background Data: Although some studies investigated the efficacy of LAI of EDTA irrigation, no study has been conducted to investigate the efficacy of LAI of phytic acid in the removal of CH and TAP from root dentin.

Materials And Methods: Root canals of extracted maxillary incisors (n = 80) were instrumented using rotary files and thereafter were split longitudinally.

Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth Restored With Bulk Fill, Bulk Fill Flowable, Fiber-reinforced, and Conventional Resin Composite.

Unlabelled: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with different types of restorative resins.

Methods And Materials: Seventy-two sound maxillary premolar teeth were randomly divided into six groups (n=12). The teeth in the first group were left intact and tested as unprepared negative control (group I) specimens.

Effect of timing of post space preparation on the apical seal when using different sealers and obturation techniques.

Background/purpose: To prepare the post apace, some of the root-canal filling material has to be removed, which can affect the apical seal. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of immediate post space preparation to that of delayed post space preparation on apical sealing using three different endodontic sealers and obturation techniques.

Materials And Methods: In total, 90 decrowned single-rooted human teeth were studied.

Effect of endodontic chelating solutions on the bond strength of endodontic sealers.

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of various chelating solutions on the radicular push-out bond strength of calcium silicate-based and resin-based root canal sealers. Root canals of freshly-extracted single-rooted teeth (n = 80) were instrumented by using rotary instruments. The specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the chelating solutions being tested: (1) 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); (2) 9% etidronic acid; (3) 1% peracetic acid (PAA); and (4) distilled water (control).

Calcium hydroxide dressing residues after different removal techniques affect the accuracy of Root-ZX apex locator.

Objectives: This study compared the ability of several techniques to remove calcium hydroxide (CH) from the root canal and determined the influence of CH residues on the accuracy of the electronic apex locator.

Materials And Methods: Root canals of 90 human maxillary lateral incisors with confirmed true working length (TWL) were prepared and filled with CH. The teeth were randomly assigned to one of the experimental groups according to the CH removal technique (n = 14): 0.

Effect of several intracanal medicaments on the push-out bond strength of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of prior application of several intracanal medicaments on the push-out bond strength of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine.

Methodology: Sixty freshly extracted maxillary anterior teeth were sectioned below the cementoenamel junction, and the root canals instrumented using rotary files. Thereafter, a parallel post drill was used to obtain a standardized root canal dimension.

Bond strength of a calcium silicate-based sealer tested in bulk or with different main core materials.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a calcium silicate-based sealer (iRoot SP), with or without a core material, on bond strength to radicular dentin, in comparison with various contemporary root filling systems. Root canals of freshly extracted single-rooted teeth (n = 60) were instrumented using rotary instruments. The roots were randomly assigned to one of the following experimental groups: (1) a calcium silicate-based sealer without a core material (bulk-fill); (2) a calcium silicate-based sealer + gutta-percha; (3) a calcium silicate-based sealer + Resilon; (4) a methacrylate resin-based sealer (RealSeal SE) + Resilon; (5) an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus) + gutta-percha, and (6) a mineral trioxide aggregate-based endodontic sealer (MTA Fillapex) + gutta-percha.

Bond strength of mineral trioxide aggregate to root dentin after exposure to different irrigation solutions.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the regional push-out bond strength of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) after exposure to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), and peracetic acid (PAA) irrigation solutions.

Materials And Methods: 1-mm-thick longitudinal slabs of root dentin were obtained from freshly extracted human canine teeth (n = 80). Simulated root perforation defects, 1 mm in diameter, were prepared in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of radicular dentin.

A comparison of residual smear layer and erosion following different endodontic irrigation protocols tested under clinical and laboratory conditions.

Objective: To compare the smear layer removal efficacy and erosive effects of different irrigation protocols under clinical and laboratory conditions.

Materials And Methods: Mandibular third molars (n = 32) of 30-45 year-old patients were instrumented with rotary files and were randomly assigned to one of the following groups for final irrigation: (1) 5.25% NaOCl; (2) 17% EDTA; and (3) BioPure MTAD.

Translucency of flowable bulk-filling composites of various thicknesses.

Objective: To evaluate the translucency characteristics of new flowable bulk-filling resin composites at various thicknesses. Experimental short fibre-reinforced composite was also tested.

Methods: Two new brands of flowable bulk composites (Venus Bulk Fill and SureFil SDR Flow), experimental short fibre-reinforced resin composite (FC) and, as control, conventional flow (Filtek Supreme Flow XT A3) and universal (Filtek Universal Supreme XTE A3B) resin composites were investigated.

Effect of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on root fracture with respect to concentration at different time exposures.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on root fracture with respect to various concentrations at different time exposures.

Methods: A total of 48 mandibular incisors were selected. Eight nonprepared roots were selected as a negative control.