: An ethnography of patients and families navigating palliative care in a resource-limited setting.

Background: The increase in non-communicable disease burdens and aging populations has led to a rise in the need for palliative care across settings. In resource-limited settings such as Indonesia, however, notably in rural areas, there is a lack of professional palliative care. Little is known about specific palliative care navigation, as previous studies have mostly focused on cancer care navigation.

Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-modified membrane for urea slow-release fertilizers.

Background: Urea is a fertilizer widely used by farmers, especially vegetable farmers, due to its high nitrogen content, around 46 %. However, plants only use a small amount of nitrogen, a maximum of 35 %, while the remaining nitrogen is wasted and released into the environment. Undeniably, it causes increases production costs and environmental problems.

"Tie your camel first, then rely on God": reconceptualizing Javanese Islamic values to support palliative care at home.

Background: In the last decade, there has been a growing concern to make palliative care more culturally sensitive and contextually appropriate. This concern is also relevant in Indonesia, where the progress of palliative care, particularly in home-based care, has been slow. Like elsewhere in the world, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of shifting from a curative orientation towards a palliative one, especially in cases where further medical treatment is futile.

Improved Solubility and Activity of Natural Product in Nanohydrogel.

With the development of technology, natural material components are widely used in various fields of science. Natural product components in phytochemical compounds are secondary metabolites produced by plants; they have been shown to have many pharmacological activities. Phytochemical compounds obtained from plants have an important role in herbal medicine.

Anti-Aging Potential of Plants of the Anak Dalam Tribe, Jambi, Indonesia.

The process of skin aging is a physiological phenomenon that can not be avoided. According to global population data, the rate of aging increases by approximately 13% every year. The impact of skin aging has become a significant concern and challenge for developed countries.

Covid-19 distance and online learning: a systematic literature review in pharmacy education.

The Covid-19 outbreak necessitated the implementation of social distancing mechanisms, such as the enforcement of lockdowns in numerous nations. The lockdown has disrupted many parts of everyday life, but this unusual event has particularly affected education. The temporary closure of educational institutions ushered in dozens of new reforms, including a shift into the distance and online learning.

Potential Plant-Based New Antiplasmodial Agent Used in Papua Island, Indonesia.

Resistance to antimalarial medicine remains a threat to the global effort for malaria eradication. The World Health Organization recently reported that artemisinin partial resistance, which was defined as delayed parasite clearance, was detected in Southeast Asia, particularly in the Greater Mekong subregion, and in Africa, particularly in Rwanda and Uganda. Therefore, the discovery of a potential new drug is important to overcome emerging drug resistance.

Integrated-Based Curriculum of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms (ICPDF): What Factors Affect the Learning Outcome Attainment?

This study aimed to evaluate pharmacy students' perceptions regarding the correlations among the quality of faculty members, institutional resources, an integrated-based curriculum of pharmaceutical dosage forms (ICPDF), and learning outcome attainment. The current study participants have attended courses (semesters 2 to 6) through the ICPDF in the Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, , Indonesia. We distributed survey instruments to 212 pharmacy undergraduate students after one year of the curriculum implementation.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Clinical Skills Laboratory and Traditional Lecture in Teaching Basic Life Support and Performance Evaluation According to Different Domains of Revised Bloom's Taxonomy.

Sudden cardiac arrest out-side hospital is serious global concern. If non-medical people are taught to initiate the basic life support (BLS) training with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) then the mortality could be reduced significantly. This was a non-randomized controlled study to evaluate clinical skills laboratory (CSL) as teaching tool for basic life support (BLS) training in comparison to traditional lecture.

Improved Activity of Herbal Medicines through Nanotechnology.

Phytochemicals or secondary metabolites are substances produced by plants that have been shown to have many biological activities, providing a scientific basis for using herbs in traditional medicine. In addition, the use of herbs is considered to be safe and more economical compared to synthetic medicine. However, herbal medicines have disadvantages, such as having low solubility, stability, and bioavailability.

The spatial justice of school distribution in Jakarta.

Education is a part of human basic needs, and one way to provide this need is through schools. Therefore, schools should be accessible to all members of society without exception. Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, has 3899 primary and secondary schools to provide for over 1 million school-age children as of 2020.

Polymer type effect on PLGA-based microparticles preparation by solvent evaporation method with single emulsion system using focussed beam reflectance measurement.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of polymer type on solidification rate of PLGA polymeric microparticles and particle size/distribution of the emulsion droplets/hardened PLGA polymeric microparticles during solvent evaporation process using FBRM (Focussed Beam Reflectance Measurement).

Methods: PLGA polymeric microparticles were prepared by an O/W solvent evaporation method using various PLGA polymers, including PLGA Resomer® RG503H, RG502H and RG752H. The particle size mean, chord length distribution (CLD), and chord count of the emulsion droplets/hardened microparticles were monitored by FBRM.

Impact of dispersion time interval and particle size on release profiles of propranolol HCl and carbamazepines from microparticle blends system.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dispersion time interval (DTI) on physicochemical properties of drug following the incorporation of propranolol HCl (Pro) and carbamazepine (CBZ) within ethyl cellulose (EC) microparticle blends using solvent evaporation method. The first Pro emulsion and second CBZ oil phase were dispersed in an external aqueous phase, with DTI of 0 and 60 min. The morphology of microparticle blends were characterized by SEM.

Dutch and Indonesian teachers on teaching medical ethics: what are the learning goals?

Previous literature has discussed the different views, the diverse goals and scope of ethics education, and the need for a more homogenous curriculum in medical ethics. Since ethics is about values, and values are partly influenced by culture, we question to what extent teachers' perceptions concerning learning goals of medical ethics curricula are similar or different in two different countries, and if differences in learning goals are acceptable or problematic. We conducted in-depth interviews with 36 medical ethics teachers, 20 from Indonesia and 16 from the Netherlands, and explored what they think are the important learning goals.

Clinical Features of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with COVID-19 in Indonesia.

Background: While the number of cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is increasing, reported cases in Asian countries are still low, particularly in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with MIS-C in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with collected data of patients with MIS-C admitted to Dr.

Experience of Indonesian medical students of ethical issues during their clinical clerkship in a rural setting.

Although ethics is an essential part of medical education, little attention has been paid to ethics education during the clerkship phase, where medical students observe how physicians make decisions regarding various ethical problems. Specific nuances and cultural contexts such as working in a rural setting can determine ethical issues raised. This phenomenology study aimed to explore ethical issues experienced by Indonesian students during clinical clerkship in a rural setting.

Real-time particle size analysis using focused beam reflectance measurement as a process analytical technology tool for continuous microencapsulation process.

The online real-time particle size analysis of the microencapsules manufacturing process using the continuous solvent evaporation method was performed using focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM). In this paper, we use FBRM measurements to investigate the effects of polymer type and compare the size distributions to those obtained using other sizing methods such as optical microscope and laser diffraction. FBRM was also utilized to measure the length-weighted chord length distribution (CLD) and particle size distribution (PSD) online during particle solidification, which could not be done with laser diffraction or nested sieve analysis.

"I would do something if I could!": experiences and reflections from ethics teachers on how to respond when hearing alarming cases from medical students.

Background: Previous studies show that teachers can feel disturbed by alarming cases brought up by students during their teaching activities. Teachers may feel uncertain about how to deal with these cases, as they might feel responsible to take action to prevent further harm. This study aims to explore how ethics teachers in medical schools would respond to a student report of unethical or unprofessional behaviour during the clinical training phase (clerkship) that is alarming and potentially harmful for patients or students themselves.

Mortality in children with positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test: Lessons learned from a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia.

Background: The incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still increasing rapidly, but little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of fatal cases in children in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of children with COVID-19 with fatal outcomes in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data collected from the medical records of patients with COVID-19 admitted to Dr.

Investigating the Effect of Repeated High Water Pressure on the Compressive and Bond Strength of Concrete with/without Steel Bar.

The application of reinforced concrete for permanent and temporary deep ocean structures has recently become more prevalent; however, the static and dynamic effects of high water pressure on concrete remain unexplored. This paper investigates the influence of high water pressure (60 MPa) on four series of concrete cylinders with and without an embedded steel bar under sustained and cyclic loading conditions. The residual compressive strength, bond strength, and associated evolution of surface and internal damage are evaluated after exposing concrete cylinders to a water pressure of 60 MPa.

Histone methyltransferase DOT1L controls state-specific identity during B cell differentiation.

Differentiation of naïve peripheral B cells into terminally differentiated plasma cells is characterized by epigenetic alterations, yet the epigenetic mechanisms that control B-cell fate remain unclear. Here, we identified a role for the histone H3K79 methyltransferase DOT1L in controlling B-cell differentiation. Mouse B cells lacking Dot1L failed to establish germinal centers (GC) and normal humoral immune responses in vivo.

The Ig heavy chain protein but not its message controls early B cell development.

Development of progenitor B cells (ProB cells) into precursor B cells (PreB cells) is dictated by immunoglobulin heavy chain checkpoint (IgHCC), where the IgHC encoded by a productively rearranged allele assembles into a PreB cell receptor complex (PreBCR) to generate signals to initiate this transition and suppressing antigen receptor gene recombination, ensuring that only one productive allele is expressed, a phenomenon known as allelic exclusion. In contrast to a productively rearranged allele, the messenger RNA (mRNA) () from a nonproductively rearranged allele is degraded by nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). This fact prohibited firm conclusions regarding the contribution of stable to the molecular and developmental changes associated with the IgHCC.