A machine learning approach for identification of vascular access patency in hemodialysis patients using photoplethysmography: A pilot study.

Introduction: Vascular access (VA) is essential for patients with hemodialysis, and its dysfunction is a major complication that can reduce quality of life or even threaten life. VA patency is not only difficult to predict on an individual basis, but also challenging to predict in real-time. To overcome this challenge, this study aimed to develop a machine learning approach to predict 6-month primary patency (PP) using photoplethysmography (PPG) signals acquired from the tips of both index fingers.

Incorporation of cerium oxide nanoparticles into the micro-arc oxidation layer promotes bone formation and achieves structural integrity in magnesium orthopedic implants.

Biodegradable metals offer significant advantages by reducing the need for additional surgeries following bone fixation. These materials, with their optimal mechanical and degradable properties, also mitigate stress-shielding effects while promoting biological processes essential for healing. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of ZK60 magnesium alloy coated with a micro-arc oxidative layer incorporated with cerium oxide nanoparticles in orthopedic implants.

A bioactive composite scaffold enhances osteochondral repair by using thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel and endothelial lineage cell-derived chondrogenic cell.

Articular cartilage regeneration is a major challenge in orthopedic medicine. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a promising cell source for regenerative medicine applications. However, their roles and functions in cartilage regeneration are not well understood.

Fixation technique of biodegradable magnesium alloy suture anchor in the rotator cuff repair of the shoulder in a goat model: a technical note.

Background: Shoulder disorders, particularly rotator cuff tears, are prevalent musculoskeletal conditions related to aging. Although the widely used suture anchor technique provides strong mechanical support to the tendon, it is associated with a risk of postoperative tendon retearing. The conventionally used titanium alloys can affect the interpretation of magnetic resonance imaging.

Full Endoscopic Spine Surgery for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Systematic Review.

Background: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) may seriously affect quality of life. In the literature, there is scarce evidence of the pros and cons of full endoscopic spine surgery in the treatment of CSM. The main purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review to elucidate the efficacy of full endoscopic spine surgery in the management of patients with CSM.

Influence of Spin Coating and Dip Coating with Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite for Bioresorbable Mg Alloy Orthopedic Implants: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Suitable biomechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and osteoconductivity of a degradable magnesium (Mg) alloy make it a potential material for orthopedic implants. The main limitation of Mg is its high corrosion rate in the human body. Surface modification is necessary to improve the Mg corrosion resistance.

Association Between Medial Displacement of the Middle Glenohumeral Ligament and Subscapularis Tear Severity.

Background: The intraoperative invisible middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) test has been shown to be associated with a subscapularis tendon retraction. However, the preoperative location of the MGHL and its association with subscapularis tear severity has not been evaluated.

Purpose: To determine (1) the interrater reliability for identification and position of the MGHL, (2) any association between the MGHL position and subscapularis tears, and (3) the cutoff point at which MGHL position can predict subscapularis tear severity.

Biomechanical comparison between various screw fixation angles for Latarjet procedure: a cadaveric biomechanical study.

Background: The Latarjet procedure is a reliable treatment for the management of anterior glenohumeral instability with glenoid bone loss. However, the biomechanical properties of different fixation angles between screw and glenoid surface (α angle) have rarely been studied. The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the fixation stability, failure load, and failure mechanism between different α angles for Latarjet procedures, which were performed on cadaver specimens.

Restoring Osteochondral Defects through the Differentiation Potential of Cartilage Stem/Progenitor Cells Cultivated on Porous Scaffolds.

Cartilage stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs) are cartilage-specific, multipotent progenitor cells residing in articular cartilage. In this study, we investigated the characteristics and potential of human CSPCs combined with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds to induce osteochondral regeneration in rabbit knees. We isolated CSPCs from human adult articular cartilage undergoing total knee replacement (TKR) surgery.

Acellular Porcine Cornea Produced by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction: A Potential Substitute for Human Corneal Regeneration.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a non-cytotoxic, biocompatible innovative acellular porcine cornea (APC) for corneal wound healing and corneal blindness treatment.

Methods: APC was produced by using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) to decellularize the porcine cornea. Decellularization of the porcine cornea was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride staining.

Knots Tied With High-Tensile Strength Tape Biomechanically Outperform Knots Tied With Round Suture.

Background: Tape-type suture material is well-accepted in arthroscopy surgery.

Purpose: To compare the knot security of a high-tensile strength round suture and high-tensile strength tape with commonly used arthroscopic knots.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Role of open cerclage wiring in patients with comminuted fractures of the femoral shaft treated with intramedullary nails.

Introduction: The role of open cerclage wiring in comminuted femoral shaft fracture treatment with intramedullary nails remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the effect of open cerclage wiring and the risk factors for nonunion after interlocking nailing in comminuted femoral shaft fracture treatment. We hypothesized that open cerclage wiring can be applied in patients with severe comminuted femoral shaft fractures without affecting bone healing.

"Flip lid" type of lateral tibia plateau fracture with a meniscus radial tear: A case report.

Case: A 45-year-old woman sustained a unique lateral tibia plateau fracture pattern with a vertically rotated fragment composed of an intact articular surface and subchondral bone. During open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), a full thickness radial tear of the lateral meniscus was found, which was repaired under direct visualization through arthrotomy. At final follow-up, the patient regained pain-free activity with good meniscus healing, as confirmed with a second-look arthroscopic examination.

Does posterior configuration have similar strength as parallel configuration for treating comminuted distal humerus fractures? A cadaveric biomechanical study.

Background: The posterior plating technique could be used as a clinical alternative to parallel plating for treating comminuted distal humerus fractures (DHFs) successfully with good clinical results. However, the biomechanical characteristics for posterior fixation are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biomechanical properties of the posterior fixation and to make comparisons between the parallel and the posterior fixation systems.

Modified Superior Capsule Reconstruction Using the Long Head of the Biceps Tendon as Reinforcement to Rotator Cuff Repair Lowers Retear Rate in Large to Massive Reparable Rotator Cuff Tears.

Purpose: To retrospectively assess the clinical outcomes of the patients with large to massive reparable RCTs treated by arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) combined with modified superior capsule reconstruction (mSCR) using the long head of biceps tendon (LHBT) as reinforcement with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 40 patients with large to massive reparable RCTs who underwent ARCR and mSCR (group I) between February 2017 and June 2018 (18 patients) or underwent ARCR and tenotomy of LHBT performed at the insertion site (group II) between January 2015 and January 2017 (22 patients). The pain visual analog score (VAS) was assessed preoperatively and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 months postoperatively.

Characterization of a Sandwich PLGA-Gallic Acid-PLGA Coating on Mg Alloy ZK60 for Bioresorbable Coronary Artery Stents.

Absorbable magnesium stents have become alternatives for treating restenosis owing to their better mechanical properties than those of bioabsorbable polymer stents. However, without modification, magnesium alloys cannot provide the proper degradation rate required to match the vascular reform speed. Gallic acid is a phenolic acid with attractive biological functions, including anti-inflammation, promotion of endothelial cell proliferation, and inhibition of smooth muscle cell growth.

Treatment of a rotator cuff tear combined with iatrogenic glenoid fracture and shoulder instability: A rare case report.

Background: The brisement manipulation is an effective treatment for refractory shoulder stiffness. Rotator cuff tears can sometimes exist in combination with adhesive capsulitis. Arthroscopic capsular release combined with rotator cuff repair has achieved good outcomes in published reports.

The Biomechanical Properties of a High-Tensile Strength Tape for Tendon Graft Fixation Using the Krackow Configuration.

Purpose: To compare the biomechanical properties of a high-tensile strength suture with the high-tensile strength tape for tendon graft fixation.

Methods: A total of 24 porcine tendons were used and were randomly divided into 2 groups. Two kinds of suture materials, a braided nonabsorbable high-strength suture (group S) and a high-tensile strength tape (group T), were used to complete 3 pairs of Krackow stitches on the tendons.

Using Interconnected Knotless Anchor for Suprapectoral Biceps Tenodesis Could Offer Improved Biomechanical Properties in a Cadaveric Model.

Purpose: To compare the biomechanical characteristics of the interconnected knotless anchor (IKA) fixation with the double knotless anchor (DKA) and interference screw (IS) fixation in the suprapectoral biceps tenodesis.

Methods: In total, 24 fresh-frozen human cadaveric shoulders (mean age, 67.3 ± 6 years) were used for the study.

Treating AO/OTA 44B lateral malleolar fracture in patients over 50 years of age: periarticular locking plate versus non-locking plate.

Background: The role of locking plate in lateral malleolar fracture fixation for the elderly remains unclear. The aim of our study is to compare radiological and functional outcomes in older patients (> 50 years) with AO/OTA 44B lateral malleolar fractures after locking plate (PLP) or one-third non-locking tubular plate (TP) lateral fixation.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 72 patients (PLP group, 34 patients; TP group, 38 patients; mean age, 61.