Host Selectivity and Distribution of in the Coastal Bornean Heath Forests.

We investigated the host range of L. in the heath forests using six 50-metre transects. Sixteen shrubs and tree species were infected by vines, including two exotic species.

Ecophysiological responses of native and introduced coastal tree species parasitized by in Brunei.

Hemiparasitic commonly infects native host ( and ) and introduced host ( and ) species in threatened heath forests in Brunei. This study aims to investigate the impact of parasitism on the ecophysiology of these host species. This study addresses the research gap in understanding the ecophysiology of -host associations, particularly when native and introduced hosts were infected.

Mangrove endophytic fungi: Biocontrol potential against and biofertilizers for fragrant rice cultivation.

The mangrove ecosystem has emerged as a fascinating source for exploring novel bioresources which have multiple applications in modern agriculture. This study evaluates the potential applications of mangrove endophytic fungi (MEF), such as biocontrol agents against and as biofertilizers for improving the yield of fragrant rice variety Malaysian Rice Quality 76 (MRQ76). Through the antagonism assays, it is observed that among the 14 MEF studied, 4 fungal isolates ( sp.

Heavy metal tolerance and accumulation in the species ( var. and L.): A pot experiment.

This study delves into the heavy metal tolerance and accumulation capabilities of var. () and L. () in a pot experiment, specifically focusing on cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb).

Living jewels: iterative evolution of iridescent blue leaves from helicoidal cell walls.

Background And Aims: Structural colour is responsible for the remarkable metallic blue colour seen in the leaves of several plants. Species belonging to only ten genera have been investigated to date, revealing four photonic structures responsible for structurally coloured leaves. One of these is the helicoidal cell wall, known to create structural colour in the leaf cells of five taxa.

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities.

Trees structure the Earth's most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge.

Genetic structure and population history of a peat swamp forest tree species, Shorea albida (Dipterocarpaceae), in Brunei Darussalam.

Southeast Asia supports high biodiversity, in a mosaic of forest types formed by the expansion and contraction of habitats through past climate changes. Among the region's forest types, the geographical distribution of peat swamp forests has fluctuated intensely over the past 120,000 years. Most peat swamp forests in Southeast Asia are found in coastal regions and formed within the last 7,000 years after a decline in sea level.

Comparative assessment of the heavy metal phytoextraction potential of vegetables from agricultural soils: A field experiment.

A field study was established to determine the phytoextraction potential of six vegetable species, namely L., L., var, L.

The Role of Endophytes in Combating Fungal- and Bacterial-Induced Stress in Plants.

Plants are subjected to multifaceted stresses that significantly jeopardize crop production. Pathogenic microbes influence biotic stress in plants, which ultimately causes annual crop loss worldwide. Although the use of pesticides and fungicides can curb the proliferation of pathogens in plants and enhance crop production, they pollute the environment and cause several health issues in humans and animals.

Genomic insights into rapid speciation within the world's largest tree genus Syzygium.

Species radiations, despite immense phenotypic variation, can be difficult to resolve phylogenetically when genetic change poorly matches the rapidity of diversification. Genomic potential furnished by palaeopolyploidy, and relative roles for adaptation, random drift and hybridisation in the apportionment of genetic variation, remain poorly understood factors. Here, we study these aspects in a model radiation, Syzygium, the most species-rich tree genus worldwide.

Vegetative Propagation of and by Stem Cutting and Micropropagation.

() and (Apocynaceae) are known to have ornamental value due to their beautiful flowers; however, the feasibility of propagating these plants have not been reported despite the wild populations in Brunei Darussalam being highly threatened due to habitat loss and overcollection. Thus, the present study aimed to conduct a preliminary study of the feasibility of two alternative propagation methods, stem cutting and micropropagation, as a potential approach for their conservation. stem cuttings were treated with either indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0-2000 mg/L), and then propagated onto a mixture of peat moss and perlite.

Transfer of heavy metals from soils to curly mustard ( (L.) Czern.) grown in an agricultural farm in Brunei Darussalam.

Determination of heavy metal concentrations in vegetables and agricultural soils is crucial because high levels of heavy metals could affect soil quality, crop production and safe consumption of crops. A field study was conducted to determine the heavy metal concentrations and their transfer from agricultural soils to different parts (leaf, stem, and root) of (L.) Czern.

Identification of culturable petroleum-degrading bacteria and fungi from petroleum-contaminated sites in Brunei Darussalam.

Microbes that can be cultured and degrade petroleum are of particular interest for biotechnology such as bioremediation. This study aims to isolate and identify culturable petroleum-degrading bacteria and fungi from Brunei Darussalam, which has not previously been explored. A total of eight bacterial and nine fungal isolates that could degrade petroleum were obtained from petroleum-contaminated water or soil samples.

Sex is determined by XY chromosomes across the radiation of dioecious pitcher plants.

Species with separate sexes (dioecy) are a minority among flowering plants, but dioecy has evolved multiple times independently in their history. The sex-determination system and sex-linked genomic regions are currently identified in a limited number of dioecious plants only. Here, we study the sex-determination system in a genus of dioecious plants that lack heteromorphic sex chromosomes and are not amenable to controlled breeding: pitcher plants.

Field methods for sampling tree height for tropical forest biomass estimation.

Quantifying the relationship between tree diameter and height is a key component of efforts to estimate biomass and carbon stocks in tropical forests. Although substantial site-to-site variation in height-diameter allometries has been documented, the time consuming nature of measuring all tree heights in an inventory plot means that most studies do not include height, or else use generic pan-tropical or regional allometric equations to estimate height.Using a pan-tropical dataset of 73 plots where at least 150 trees had in-field ground-based height measurements, we examined how the number of trees sampled affects the performance of locally derived height-diameter allometries, and evaluated the performance of different methods for sampling trees for height measurement.

Author Correction: Long-term carbon sink in Borneo's forests halted by drought and vulnerable to edges.

The original version of this Article contained an error in the third sentence of the abstract and incorrectly read "Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha year (95% CI 0.14-0.

Long-term carbon sink in Borneo's forests halted by drought and vulnerable to edge effects.

Less than half of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions remain in the atmosphere. While carbon balance models imply large carbon uptake in tropical forests, direct on-the-ground observations are still lacking in Southeast Asia. Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.

Validation of a simple binary scoring system for assessment of welfare measures of 10-day-old commercial broilers and their correlation with environmental parameters.

Background: A simple binary scoring system (SBSS) was developed and used to assess the welfare measures of commercial broiler chickens in South Korea. We also correlated welfare measures with environmental parameters of broiler house. Our measures of welfare included lameness, hock burn (HB) and foot pad dermatitis (FPD), whilst environmental parameters included air temperature, relative humidity, air speed, light intensity, air quality (in particular carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3) concentrations) and airborne microbes.

Controls on foliar nutrient and aluminium concentrations in a tropical tree flora: phylogeny, soil chemistry and interactions among elements.

Foliar elemental concentrations are predictors of life-history variation and contribute to spatial patterns in biogeochemical cycling. We examined the contributions of habitat association, local soil environment, and elemental interactions to variation in foliar elemental concentrations in tropical trees using methods that account for phylogeny. We sampled top-soils and leaves of 58 tropical trees in heath forest (HF) on nutrient-poor sand and mixed dipterocarp forest (MDF) on nutrient-rich clay soils.

Evidence of foliar aluminium accumulation in local, regional and global datasets of wild plants.

• High foliar concentrations of aluminium (Al) have been reported in numerous plant species, but progress on the understanding of the functional significance of this trait is constrained by the absence of a quantitative analysis of its distribution among plant lineages and across biomes. • We constructed a global dataset of foliar Al and nutrient concentrations for 1044 plant species from literature sources and new data collections in Brunei Darussalam. • Our results provide statistical support for the existence of Al accumulators and non-Al accumulators in global, regional and local floras based on foliar Al concentrations.