Residential mobility and long-term exposure to neighborhood poverty among children born in poor families: A U.S. longitudinal cohort study.

One in four Americans lives in a poor neighborhood - defined by a poverty rate of 20% or higher. The effects of neighborhood poverty on children's health and development depend on the timing and duration of the exposure. Focusing on children born in poor families, we examined the timing and persistence of their exposure to neighborhood poverty from birth to age 17.

Mechanisms underlying the cardio-protection of total ginsenosides against myocardial ischemia in rats in vivo and in vitro: Possible involvement of L-type Ca channels, contractility and Ca homeostasis.

Here we aimed to observe the effects of total ginsenosides (TG) against isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial ischemia (MI) and to explore its underlying mechanisms based on L-type Ca current (I), intracellular Ca ([Ca]) and contraction in isolated rat myocytes. Rat model of MI was induced by subcutaneously injection of ISO (85 mg/kg) for 2 consecutive days. J-point elevation, heart rate, serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) and lactated dehydrogenase (LDH), and heart morphology changes were observed.

Electrophysiological Measurement of Rat Atrial Epicardium Using a Novel Stereotaxic Apparatus.

Flexible, in vivo maneuverable electrophysiology mapping techniques are not available in rat models. A novel cardiac stereotactic electrophysiology epicardial mapping system (CREAMS) allows for various measurements, including: (1) recording unipolar electrograms at multiple sites; (2) positioning of mapped sites and precision testing (Distance between the two "centers" = 297 ± 54 μm, n = 15); (3) evaluation of electrophysiology in an in vivo Sprague-Dawley rat model with high-frequency stimulation (HFS)-induced Atrial fibrillation (AF) at high right atrium (HRA) sites. We found that of the right atrium dispersion of effective refractory period (P < 0.

Sleep Quality and Its Associated Factors among Low-Income Adults in a Rural Area of China: A Population-Based Study.

Background: There is limited population-based research focusing on sleep quality among low-income Chinese adults in rural areas. This study aimed to assess sleep quality among low-income adults in a rural area in China and identify the association between sleep quality and sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors.

Methods: The study was conducted from September to November in 2017 using a cross-sectional survey questionnaire.

Water extract of indoor dust induces tight junction disruption in normal human corneal epithelial cells.

In corneal epithelium, tight junctions play a vital role in its barrier function. Human cornea is highly susceptible to damage by dust. Continued daily exposure to dust has been associated with increased risks of corneal injury.

Multifunctional self-assembled micelles of galactosamine-hyaluronic acid-vitamin E succinate for targeting delivery of norcantharidin to hepatic carcinoma.

A polymer of Galactosamine-hyaluronic acid-Vitamin E succinate (Gal-HA-VES) was designed to prepare multifunctional self-assembled micelles for delivery of Norcantharidin (NCTD) to Hepatic carcinoma. NCTD/Gal-HA-VES showed higher cytotoxicity toward CD44-overexpressing MCF-7 cells, MCF-7/Adr cells and ASGP-R overexpressing HepG2 cells, consistent with the enhanced cellular uptake in the selected cell models, indicating Gal-HA-VES micelles were taken up in MCF-7 and HepG2 cells by CD44 and ASGPR receptor mediated endocytosis, respectively. Moreover, the accumulation of Rhodamine 123 demonstrated that Gal-HA-VES has the same action of TPGS as a P-glycoprotein inhibitor blocked drug efflux-related MDR mechanism in resistant MCF-7/Adr cells.

Role of surface charge on the interaction between carbon nanodots and human serum albumin.

Carbon nanodots (Cdots) have aroused widespread concerns in the field of biomedical applications. In order to achieve better implications of behavior of Cdots in the biological environment, an array of spectroscopic, electrochemical and calorimetric techniques were performed to study the interaction of Cdots possessing different charges with human serum albumin (HSA) in physiological condition. Two polymer, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyetherimide (PEI), were applied to passivate the bare Cdots to achieve the Cdots with different surface charge, namely negatively charged PEG Cdots and positively charged PEI Cdots.

Correction to: Long noncoding RNA TUG1 facilitates osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells via interacting with Lin28A.

Since publication of this article, the authors found a mistake in the drawing figure 5e. After careful checking of all original data, the authors discovered that they had submitted the wrong composite figure 5e. The correct Figure 5 is included below.

[Content of neutrophil elastase in EPS and seminal plasma: A combined predictor in the diagnosis of type IIIA prostatitis with secondary infertility].

Objective: To investigate the value of the content of neutrophil elastase (NE) in the expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) and seminal plasma (SP) as a combined predictor in the diagnosis of type IIIA prostatitis with secondary infertility.

Methods: This study included 62 fathers (group A) and 67 infertile men (group B), all with type IIIA prostatitis, and another 57 controls with no genitourinary tract disease (group C). We measured the NE contents in the EPS and SP, obtained the results of routine semen and EPS examinations and Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (CPSI), and calculated the ratio of EPS NE/SP NE by binary logistic regression analysis.

Long noncoding RNA TUG1 facilitates osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells via interacting with Lin28A.

Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental tissues with multidirectional differentiation potential and excellent self-renewing ability. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in MSC osteogenic differentiation. In this study, we found that taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1), an evolutionarily conserved and widely present lncRNA was significantly upregulated in osteogenically induced PDLSCs compared to their undifferentiated counterparts.

8-O-Acetyl Shanzhiside Methylester From Lamiophlomis Rotata Reduces Neuropathic Pain by Inhibiting the ERK/TNF-α Pathway in Spinal Astrocytes.

(; Benth.) Kudo is an effective traditional herb in the clinical treatment of chronic pain syndromes in China. 8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methylester (8-OaS), a chief component in , possesses potent immunosuppressive activities and favorable analgesic effects.

IL-6/STAT3 pathway induced deficiency of RFX1 contributes to Th17-dependent autoimmune diseases via epigenetic regulation.

Epigenetic modifications affect the differentiation of T cell subsets and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, but many mechanisms of epigenetic regulation of T cell differentiation are unclear. Here we show reduced expression of the transcription factor RFX1 in CD4 T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, which leads to IL-17A overexpression through increased histone H3 acetylation and decreased DNA methylation and H3K9 tri-methylation. Conditional deletion of Rfx1 in mice exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and pristane-induced lupus-like syndrome and increases induction of Th17 cells.

The construction of recombinant Lactobacillus casei expressing BVDV E2 protein and its immune response in mice.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is the etiological agent of BVD causes substantial economic losses and endemic in world-wide cattle population. Mucosal immunity plays an important role in protection against BVDV infection and Lactobacillus casei is believed as an excellent live vaccine vector for expressing foreign genes. In this study, we have constructed a novel recombinant L.

Assessing the Blood Supply Status of the Focal Ground-Glass Opacity in Lungs Using Spectral Computed Tomography.

Objective: To exploit material decomposition analysis in dual-energy spectral computed tomography (CT) to assess the blood supply status of the ground-glass opacity (GGO) in lungs.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 48 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, who underwent a contrast-enhanced dual-energy spectral CT scan before treatment (53 GGOs in total). The iodine concentration (IC) and water content (WC) of the GGO, the contralateral and ipsilateral normal lung tissues were measured in the arterial phase (AP) and their differences were analyzed.

[Interaction between SPAG6 and TAC1 proteins].

Objective: To construct eukaryotic expression plasmids of the Tac1 gene and explore the interaction between TAC1 and sperm-associated antigen 6 (SPAG6).

Methods: RNA was extracted from the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, muscle, and testis of 10 Kunming male mice and, after reverse transcription into cDNA, the expression of Tac1 in the above tissues was observed by RT-PCR. Tac1/pEGFP-N2 and Tac1/pGADT7 recombinant plasmids were constructed and Tac1/pEGFP-N2 was transfected into CHO and COS-1 cells, followed by localization and detection of the protein expression of TAC1 by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot.

Identification and integrated analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs and circRNAs reveal the potential ceRNA networks during PDLSC osteogenic differentiation.

Background: Researchers have been exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) osteogenic differentiation. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) were shown to function as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to regulate the effect of microRNAs (miRNAs) on their target genes during cell differentiation. However, comprehensive identification and integrated analysis of lncRNAs and circRNAs acting as ceRNAs during PDLSC osteogenic differentiation have not been performed.

Downregulation of BDH2 modulates iron homeostasis and promotes DNA demethylation in CD4 T cells of systemic lupus erythematosus.

DNA hypomethylation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we investigated whether 3-hydroxy butyrate dehydrogenase 2 (BDH2), a modulator of intracellular iron homeostasis, was involved in regulating DNA hypomethylation and hyper-hydroxymethylation in lupus CD4 T cells. Our results showed that BDH2 expression was decreased, intracellular iron was increased, global DNA hydroxymethylation level was elevated, while methylation level was reduced in lupus CD4 T cells compared with healthy controls.

Bioaugmentation of strain Methylobacterium sp. C1 towards p-nitrophenol removal with broad spectrum coaggregating bacteria in sequencing batch biofilm reactors.

This work was conducted in order to evaluate an instance of bioaugmentation, namely, the addition of a novel p-nitrophenol (PNP)-degrading bacterium Methylobacterium sp. C1 coaggregated with two other broad-spectrum coaggregating strains (Bacillus megaterium T1 and Bacillus cereus G5) within sequence batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs). Results showed that biofilms consisting of C1 and coaggregating bacteria were resistant to shock loads and were more efficient at PNP removal.

Correction: Glycoside Hydrolase MoGls2 Controls Asexual/Sexual Development, Cell Wall Integrity and Infectious Growth in the Rice Blast Fungus.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Down-regulation of MBD4 contributes to hypomethylation and overexpression of CD70 in CD4 T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and overproduction of autoantibodies, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. However, the pathogenesis of this disorder has not yet been completely elucidated. It has been reported that CD70, a B cell costimulatory molecule encoded by the gene (tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 7), is overexpressed in CD4 T cells from patients with SLE due to the demethylation of its promoter.

Perceived neighborhood quality, family processes, and trajectories of child and adolescent externalizing behaviors in the United States.

Rationale: Externalizing behavior problems are common among children and adolescents, and have considerable negative impacts on their long-term health and wellbeing. Substantial evidence supports a link between neighborhood conditions and externalizing behaviors. However, the timing of neighborhood effects on the developmental course of externalizing behaviors and the role of family and peer processes in shaping neighborhood effects remains unclear.

Prenatal exposure to fever is associated with autism spectrum disorder in the boston birth cohort.

Unlabelled: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is phenotypically and etiologically heterogeneous, with evidence for genetic and environmental contributions to disease risk. Research has focused on the prenatal period as a time where environmental exposures are likely to influence risk for ASD. Epidemiological studies have shown significant associations between prenatal exposure to maternal immune activation (MIA), caused by infections and fever, and ASD.

Is Higher Viral Load in the Upper Respiratory Tract Associated With Severe Pneumonia? Findings From the PERCH Study.

Background.: The etiologic inference of identifying a pathogen in the upper respiratory tract (URT) of children with pneumonia is unclear. To determine if viral load could provide evidence of causality of pneumonia, we compared viral load in the URT of children with World Health Organization-defined severe and very severe pneumonia and age-matched community controls.

Bayesian Estimation of Pneumonia Etiology: Epidemiologic Considerations and Applications to the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health Study.

In pneumonia, specimens are rarely obtained directly from the infection site, the lung, so the pathogen causing infection is determined indirectly from multiple tests on peripheral clinical specimens, which may have imperfect and uncertain sensitivity and specificity, so inference about the cause is complex. Analytic approaches have included expert review of case-only results, case-control logistic regression, latent class analysis, and attributable fraction, but each has serious limitations and none naturally integrate multiple test results. The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) study required an analytic solution appropriate for a case-control design that could incorporate evidence from multiple specimens from cases and controls and that accounted for measurement error.

Limited Utility of Polymerase Chain Reaction in Induced Sputum Specimens for Determining the Causes of Childhood Pneumonia in Resource-Poor Settings: Findings From the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) Study.

Background.: Sputum examination can be useful in diagnosing the cause of pneumonia in adults but is less well established in children. We sought to assess the diagnostic utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of respiratory viruses and bacteria in induced sputum (IS) specimens from children hospitalized with severe or very severe pneumonia.