Studies on conversion of waste nitramine and fuel-rich-based propellants into liquid fertilizer.

The current demilitarization processes employ open burning/open detonation which is not permitted by the environmental protection agency. Therefore, a systematic study has been carried out to convert waste/rejected nitramine propellant (NP) and fuel-rich-based propellant (FRP) into liquid fertilizer by digesting in dilute nitric acid followed by neutralization with potassium hydroxide and phosphoric acid. The obtained liquid fertilizers were fully characterized for nitrate, phosphate and ammonium ions along with potassium.

Single Vocal Cord Irradiation: Image Guided Intensity Modulated Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy for T1a Glottic Cancer: Early Clinical Results.

Purpose: To report, from a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, on the feasibility, outcome, toxicity, and voice-handicap index (VHI) of patients with T1a glottic cancer treated by a novel intensity modulated radiation therapy technique developed at our institution to treat only the involved vocal cord: single vocal cord irradiation (SVCI).

Methods And Materials: Thirty patients with T1a glottic cancer were treated by means of SVCI. Dose prescription was set to 16 × 3.

Brachytherapy or stereotactic body radiotherapy boost for early-stage oropharyngeal cancer: comparable outcomes of two different approaches.

Objectives: To compare outcome, toxicity and QoL of two boost modalities for T1-2 oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC).

Materials And Methods: Between 2000 and 2012, 250 consecutive patients with T1-2N0-3 were treated with 46-Gy of IMRT followed by boost using brachytherapy (BTB) or stereotactic body radiotherapy (CKB). Endpoints were local control (LC), disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), toxicity and prospective QoL-assessment.

Radiotherapy for T1a glottic cancer: the influence of smoking cessation and fractionation schedule of radiotherapy.

The objective of the presented study is to report on retrospectively collected data on long-term outcome and toxicity and prospective assessment of quality of life (QoL) and Voice-Handicap Index (VHI) of patients with T1a glottic cancer treated with radiotherapy. Between 1985 and 2011, 549 patients were treated. Endpoints were local control (LC), toxicity, QoL and VHI.

Radiotherapy for T1-2N0 glottic cancer: a multivariate analysis of predictive factors for the long-term outcome in 1050 patients and a prospective assessment of quality of life and voice handicap index in a subset of 233 patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes of patients with early stage glottic cancer (GC) treated with radiotherapy (RT).

Design, Setting And Participants: The current study report on a retrospective analysis of oncologic outcome of 1050 patients with T1-2N0 glottic cancer treated with radiotherapy. Prospective assessment of quality of life (QoL) and voice handicap index (VHI) was performed in all patients treated from 2006 onwards (n = 233).

The impact of treatment modality and radiation technique on outcomes and toxicity of patients with locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer.

Objectives/hypothesis: To investigate the impact of treatment modality and radiation technique on oncologic outcomes and toxicity of patients with locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer (OPC).

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of outcomes and toxicity.

Methods: Between 2000 and 2011, 204 consecutive patients with locally advanced OPC were treated with definitive (chemo)radiotherapy using 3-dimensional conformal (3DCRT) or intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Node-positive hypopharyngeal cancer treated by (chemo)radiotherapy: impact of up-front neck dissection on outcome, toxicity, and quality of life.

Background: To investigate the impact of up-front neck dissection on the outcome of patients with node-positive hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) treated with (chemo)radiation.

Methods: Of 135 consecutive patients with node-positive HPC, 32 patients underwent up-front neck dissection followed by (chemo)radiation (group 1), and 103 patients received definitive (chemo)radiation (group 2).

Results: The 3-year regional, local and distant control for groups 1 and 2 were 92% versus 87% (p = .

Toxicity, quality of life, and functional outcomes of 176 hypopharyngeal cancer patients treated by (chemo)radiation: the impact of treatment modality and radiation technique.

Objectives/hypothesis: The main goal of the current study was to comprehensively address the impact of chemoradiation and radiation techniques on toxicity, quality of life (QoL), and functional outcome.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of toxicity and functional outcome and prospective QoL assessment.

Methods: From 1996 to 2010, 176 consecutive patients with hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) were treated with (chemo)radiotherapy.

Combined-modality treatment improved outcome in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: single-institutional experience of 21 patients and review of the literature.

The optimal treatment of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) remains unclear. We report our results on the outcome and toxicity of patients with SNUC treated by a combined modality and attempt to define the optimal treatment strategies by reviewing the literature. Between 1996 and 2010, 21 consecutive patients with SNUC were treated by any combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Development of an eco-friendly method to convert life expired composite propellant into liquid fertilizer.

Large quantity of composite propellants is produced as waste due to life expiry of missiles/rejection of propellant lots during manufacturing. The environmental protection agency does not allow the hazardous materials for open burning/open detonation. Therefore, a systematic study has been carried out to develop a method for the disposal of composite propellant into liquid fertilizer without affecting the environment.

Studies on the effect of plasticiser and addition of toluene diisocyanate at different temperatures in composite propellant formulations.

Different composite propellant mixtures have been prepared using ammonium perchlorate, aluminium powder and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene by varying the percentage of plasticiser and addition of toluene diisocyanate at different temperatures, and studied their different properties such as viscosity build-up, mechanical and ballistic properties and sensitivity. The data on different plasticiser level indicate that on decreasing the plasticiser content, there is a significant enhancement in end of mix viscosity, tensile strength and modulus while elongation decreases drastically. The data on sensitivity of the studied mixtures reveal that on decreasing the percentage of plasticiser, the sensitivity increases, accordingly.

Cost-effective synthesis of 5,7-diamino-4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxan (CL-14) and its evaluation in plastic bonded explosives.

5,7-Diamino-4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxan (CL-14) has been synthesized by a cost-effective method. CL-14 was characterized by spectral data (IR, NMR and mass) and elemental analysis. The compound was evaluated in plastic bonded explosives (PBX) using polyurethane (PU) as binder.

Synthesis, characterisation, thermal and explosive properties of 4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxan salts.

Two new initiatory molecules, e.g. rubidium and cesium salts of 4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxan (DNBF) have been prepared by reacting sodium salt of 4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxan (DNBF) with rubidium nitrate and cesium nitrate, respectively, at 60 degrees C in aqueous medium.

Synthesis and characterisation of 4-picrylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (PADNT): a new insensitive explosive.

A chemoselective reductive method has been achieved for the preparation of 4-picrylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (PADNT), a new insensitive energetic material which has been characterised by spectral data and elemental analysis. Some explosive properties of the compound have also been determined and the results indicate that PANDT is quite safe to impact and friction.

Some aromatic nitrate esters: synthesis, structural aspects, thermal and explosive properties.

1-(2-Nitroxyethylnitramino)-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (I-A), 1, 3-bis(2-nitroxyethylnitramino)-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (II-A) and 1,3, 5-tris(2-nitroxyethylnitramino)-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (III-A) have been prepared by condensing picryl chloride, styphnyl chloride and 1, 3,5-trichloro-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene with ethanol amine, respectively, followed by nitration. These compounds have been characterized by infrared spectrum (IR), the elemental analysis and 1H NMR. Further, these compounds have been studied for their thermal and explosive properties.