Solving the maximum cut problem using Harris Hawk Optimization algorithm.

The objective of the max-cut problem is to cut any graph in such a way that the total weight of the edges that are cut off is maximum in both subsets of vertices that are divided due to the cut of the edges. Although it is an elementary graph partitioning problem, it is one of the most challenging combinatorial optimization-based problems, and tons of application areas make this problem highly admissible. Due to its admissibility, the problem is solved using the Harris Hawk Optimization algorithm (HHO).

Anti-Obesity Effects of Sulphated Polysaccharides Derived from Marine Macro Algae or Seaweeds: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Sulphated polysaccharides (SPs) are negatively charged compounds found in the cell wall of seaweeds or marine macro algae. These compounds exhibit a range of pharmacological activities, including anti-obesity effects. The aim of this systematic review as well as meta-analysis was to assess the potentials of seaweed-derived SPs to mitigate obesity through a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal model-based studies.

Surgical or medical treatment of obesity-associated type 2 diabetes-an increasing clinical conundrum.

In this editorial, we comment on the article by He , specifically in relation to the efficacy of bariatric surgery glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) therapy in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) associated with obesity. Bariatric surgery has now also been shown to be safe and effective in pre-teens and teenagers with obesity and T2D, but information on newer GLP-1RAs in these groups is predictably limited. In older individuals (age > 65 years), both bariatric surgery and GLP-1RA therapy improve cardiovascular outcomes.

Knowledge, perception, and practical understanding of food labels: A cross-sectional study among Bangladeshi consumers.

This research aimed to assess consumers' knowledge, perception, and practical understanding of food labels. A validated, structured questionnaire was employed for data collection. Data were collected from 1238 respondents covering all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh using a nonrandomized convenience sampling method.

Cultural Practices of Mothers and Babies during the Postnatal Period: A Qualitative Study in Rural Bangladesh.

This study describes the experiences of women in rural Bangladesh, and the cultural practices related to how they take care of themselves and their babies, in the early postnatal period. Data were gathered through immersion in the field for six months, participant observation, document collection and in-depth interview techniques to gain a deep understanding of women's everyday lives and practices during the postnatal period. In-depth interviews were undertaken with 28 mothers who had had at least one live child within the five years before the date of data collection, in village of the Barisal Division in Bangladesh.

Bioactivities of Sargassum elegans, Bryopsis myosuroides, Callophyllis variegata seaweeds on diabetes and obesity-related biochemical parameters: A comparative in vitro study.

Diabesity' is the occurrence of diabetes in the presence of obesity. Numerous reports have shown that seaweeds possess beneficial biological activities. This study assessed the effects of three seaweeds Bryopsis myosuroides (green), Callophyllis variegata (red), and Sargassum elegans (brown), on diabetes and obesity-related parameters in vitro.

Health professionals' attitudes towards traditional healing for mental illness: A systematic review protocol.

Background: Mental illness is a global problem that receives less attention, particularly in developing countries. Integrating modern treatment with traditional healing approaches has been proposed as one way to address mental health problems, especially in developing countries. Despite health professionals' participation in traditional healing being crucial to integrative approaches, their participation is limited to date.

Antimicrobial prescription pattern and appropriateness for respiratory tract infection in outpatients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Millions of people die every year as a result of antimicrobial resistance worldwide. An inappropriate prescription of antimicrobials (e.g.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy: Importance of direct evidence to support the roles of NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome and pyroptosis.

Recently, the roles of pyroptosis, a form of cell death induced by activated NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) have been extensively investigated. However, most studies have focused mainly on whether diabetes increases the NLRP3 inflammasome and associated pyroptosis in the heart of type 1 or type 2 diabetic rodent models, and whether various medications and natural products prevent the development of DCM, associated with decreased levels of cardiac NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis. The direct link of NLRP3 inflammasome and associated pyroptosis to the pathogenesis of DCM remains unclear based on the limited evidence derived from the available studies, with the approaches of gene silencing or pharmaceutical application of specific inhibitors.

Antidiabetic potentials of crude and purified sulphated polysaccharides isolated from , a seaweed from South Africa.

Over 90 % of all cases of diabetes that have been diagnosed are type 2 diabetes (T2D), a disease exacerbated by an increase in sedentary behaviour, bad eating habits, and obesity. This study investigated the antidiabetic properties of , using and experimental models. The sulphated polysaccharides (SPs) from crude extracts of the seaweed powder was prepared via hot (100°C) and cold (25°C) aqueous extraction procedures before purification via an anion exchange chromatographic technique.

Impact of coffee and its bioactive compounds on the risks of type 2 diabetes and its complications: A comprehensive review.

Background: Coffee beans have a long history of use as traditional medicine by various indigenous people. Recent focus has been given to the health benefits of coffee beans and its bioactive compounds. Research on the bioactivities, applications, and effects of processing methods on coffee beans' phytochemical composition and activities has been conducted extensively.

Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry-characterized extract of Aerides odorata Lour alleviates paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in animal model evidenced by biochemical, molecular, and computational studies.

Background: Many kinds of orchids have significant health benefits although adequate research on their biological functions is yet to be carried out. This study investigated the paracetamol-induced liver damage-protecting effect of epiphytic Aerides odorata methanol extract (AODE).

Methods: The protective effects of AODE were studied by analyzing its effect on liver function parameters, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, and tissue histopathological architecture.

Possible involvement of sialidase and sialyltransferase activities in a stage-dependent recycling of sialic acid in some organs of type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats.

Background: Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes lead to an aberrant metabolism of sialoglycoconjugates and elevated free serum sialic acid (FSSA) level. The present study evaluated sialidase and sialyltranferase activities in serum and some organs relevant to diabetes at early and late stages of T1D and T2D.

Methods: Sialic acid level with sialidase and sialyltransferase activities were monitored in the serum, liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle and kidney of diabetic animals at early and late stages of the diseases.

Mathematical analysis and prediction of future outbreak of dengue on time-varying contact rate using machine learning approach.

This article introduces a novel mathematical model analyzing the dynamics of Dengue in the recent past, specifically focusing on the 2023 outbreak of this disease. The model explores the patterns and behaviors of dengue fever in Bangladesh. Incorporating a sinusoidal function reveals significant mid-May to Late October outbreak predictions, aligning with the government's exposed data in our simulation.

Polypyrrole Coating via Lemieux-von Rudloff Oxidation on Magnetite Nanoparticles for Highly Efficient Removal of Chromium(VI) from Wastewater.

An alternative way for the coating of polypyrrole (PPy) polymer on hydrophobic magnetite (FeO) nanoparticles is reported here to capture toxic chromium ions, Cr (VI), present in water. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (FeO) were synthesized by the conventional coprecipitation technique using FeCl·6HO and FeSO·7HO iron precursors and subsequently modified with oleic acid (OA). Then OA-FeO hydrophobic nanoparticles were oxidized using the Lemieux-von Rudloff reaction to transfer OA into hydrophilic azelaic acid (AA) (HOOC(CH)COOH-modified magnetic nanoparticles (AA-FeO).

Glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists and the management of type 2 diabetes-backwards and forwards.

This editorial is stimulated by the article by Alqifari published in the (2024). Alqifari focus on practical advice for the clinical use of glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in the management of type 2 diabetes and this editorial provides complementary information. We initially give a brief historical perspective of the development of GLP-1RAs stimulated by recognition of the 'incretin effect', the substantially greater insulin increase to enteral when compared to euglycaemic intravenous glucose, and the identification of the incretin hormones, GIP and GLP-1.

Synthesis,Antidiabetic and Antitubercular Evaluation of Quinoline-pyrazolopyrimidine hybrids and Quinoline-4-Arylamines.

Two libraries of quinoline-based hybrids 1-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine and 7-chloro-N-phenylquinolin-4-amine were synthesized and evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant properties. Compounds with 4-methylpiperidine and para-trifluoromethoxy groups, respectively, showed the most promising α-glucosidase inhibition activity with IC=46.70 and 40.

Finite element-based optimization procedure for an irregular domain with unstructured mesh.

At present, structural optimization is a highly demanding area of research in engineering. Engineers aim to minimize material in a body while maintaining its usability and safety at the same time. Developing a user-friendly program to optimize a structure using the finite element method (FEM) is the goal of the current study.

Spirulina supplementation to alleviate negative effects of lead in layer chicken.

Objectives: Lead (Pb), a toxic heavy metal, is a serious concern for poultry that negatively affects their productivity and health. To combat those issues efficiently, it is necessary to include feed supplements that have rich antioxidant properties for satisfactory health and productivity. (Sp), a microalgae, is a compound that provides several health benefits for humans and animals.

Almond supplementation on appetite measures, body weight, and body composition in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 37 randomized controlled trials.

Background And Objective: Almond consumption has an inverse relationship with obesity and factors related to metabolic syndrome. However, the results of available clinical trials are inconsistent. Therefore, we analyzed the results of 37 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and evaluated the association of almond consumption with subjective appetite scores and body compositions.

Potential therapeutic targets for the prevention of diabetic nephropathy: Glycyrrhetinic acid.

Uncontrolled hyperglycemia or poorly managed disease increases the propensity for a number of diabetes-related complications targeting major organs including the heart, eyes, and kidney. Although the mechanisms by which diabetes induces cardiovascular diseases include oxidative stress and inflammation, when insulin resistance remains the key to the pathogenesis, as implicated in the two reviews in this issue. This editorial mainly comments on the potential preventive application of glycyrrhetinic acid (or 18β-GA) in relation to diabetic nephropathy.

Ethyl Acetate Fractions of Tectona Grandis Crude Extract Modulate Glucose Absorption and Uptake as Well as Antihyperglycemic Potential in Fructose-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global health challenge with increased morbidity and mortality rates yearly. Herbal medicine has provided an alternative approach to treating T2D with limited access to formal healthcare. is being used traditionally in the treatment of diabetes.

Examining the interdisciplinary approach for treatment of persistent post-concussion symptoms in adults: a systematic review.

Background: The objective of this review is to examine the evidence for the interdisciplinary approach in treatment of persistent post-concussion symptoms in adults.

Methods: This systematic literature search was undertaken according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Five electronic databases were searched: CINAHL, Informit, ProQuest, PubMed and Scopus.

Factors contributing to the variation in antibiotic prescribing among primary health care physicians: a systematic review.

Background: Antibiotic resistance is growing globally. The practice of health professionals when prescribing antibiotics in primary health care settings significantly impacts antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic prescription is a complex process influenced by various internal and external factors.