Antidiabetic Drug Metformin Prevents Progression of Pancreatic Cancer by Targeting in Part Cancer Stem Cells and mTOR Signaling.

Epidemiologic studies have shown that diabetes mellitus is associated positively with increased risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and recent meta-analysis studies showed that metformin, reduces the risk of pancreatic cancer (PC). We tested the effects of metformin on pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and their progression to PDAC in p48Cre/+.LSL-KrasG12D/+ transgenic mice.

Computerized 3-dimensional localization of a video capsule in the abdominal cavity: validation by digital radiography.

Background: Wireless video capsule endoscopy allows the noninvasive visualization of the small intestine. Currently, capsules do not provide localization information while traversing the GI tract.

Objective: To report on the radiological validation of 3-dimensional localization software incorporated in a newly developed capsule.

Knowledge and Attitude of Faculty Members Working in Dental Institutions towards the Dental Treatment of Patients with HIV/AIDS.

Background. Dentists have an ethical responsibility to provide treatment to HIV-infected patients, particularly because oral lesions are common among these patients. However, there are no official guidelines as to how to treat people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA) or how to screen for potentially infectious people.

A Comparative Evaluation of Fixation Techniques in Anterior Mandibular Fractures Using 2.0 mm Monocortical Titanium Miniplates Versus 2.4 mm Cortical Titanium Lag Screws.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and surgical outcome of treatment of anterior mandibular fracture using either 2.0 mm titanium miniplate or 2.4 mm titanium lag screw technique.

Outcome of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in octogenarians with tricompartmental osteoarthritis: A longer followup of previously published report.

Background: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has specific indications, producing excellent results. It, however, has a limited lifespan and needs eventual conversion to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It is, therefore, a temporizing procedure in select active young patients with advanced unicompartmental osteoarthritis (UCOA).

Fluoride concentration in community water and bottled drinking water: a dilemma today.

Background: Because of the potential for contamination of municipal water supplies, people appear to be turning to alternative sources for their pure drinking water.

Objectives: The present study analyzed the fluoride concentration in community water and bottled drinking water sold in Faridabad city.

Methods: A comparative evaluation of fluoride content in community water supply and bottled drinking water was done using ion-selective electrode method.

Internet usage among dental students in north India.

The study was conducted to investigate the extent to which students of two dental schools in northern India make use of internet during their undergraduate course and to assess their attitude towards the internet in general. All undergraduate students were assessed using a specially designed, self-administered questionnaire. Overall, 470 (88.

Role of forensic odontologist in post mortem person identification.

The natural teeth are the most durable organs in the bodies of vertebrates, and humankind's understanding of their own past and evolution relies heavily upon remnant dental evidence found as fossils. The use of features unique to the human dentition as an aid to personal identification is widely accepted within the forensic field. Comparative dental identifications play a major role in identifying the victims of violence, disaster or other mass tragedies.

Tobacco consumption among 12- to 15-year-old schoolchildren in Delhi.

Objective: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of tobacco use and its cessation among children in schools of Delhi.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 1094 schoolchildren (577 boys and 517 girls), 12-15 years old, was conducted using the modified Global Youth Tobacco Survey questionnaire. Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were applied (p<0.

Mandibular Osteosynthesis: A Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Fixation Systems Using 2.0 mm Titanium Miniplates & 3-D Locking Plates.

Purpose: To compare & evaluate postoperative complications & treatment outcome in mandibular fracture fixation using 2.0 mm titanium miniplates & 3-D locking plates.

Method: 30 patients were divided randomly into two groups of 15 each (including comminuted & malunited fractures).

Dental anxiety among patients visiting a dental institute in Faridabad, India.

Despite advances in dentistry, anxiety about dental treatment and the fear of pain remains widespread among patients and is a significant barrier to dental treatment. This study would therefore provide information so as to minimize levels of anxiety and aid in planning stress-free treatment. The cross-sectional study utilizing a self-reported questionnaire based on Modified Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) framed in Hindi (local language) was performed on 1032 patients (aged 14-68 years).

Exposure to high-fluoride drinking water and risk of dental caries and dental fluorosis in Haryana, India.

The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of and relationship between dental caries and dental fluorosis at varying levels of fluoride in drinking water. The study was conducted among 3007 school children in the age group of 12 to 16 years in 2 districts of Haryana having varying fluoride levels in drinking water. Type III examination for dental caries according to the WHO index and dental fluorosis estimation according to Dean's index was done.

Mandibular midline supernumerary tooth associated with agenesis of permanent central incisors: a diagnostic conundrum.

Concomitant hypo-hyperdontia is a rare mixed numeric anomalous condition. The presence of this condition in the same area of dental arch and specifically in the mandibular anterior region is reported very infrequently. This case report presents a case of 20 years old male with congenitally missing permanent mandibular central incisors in conjunction with a mandibular midline supernumerary tooth.

In vitro inhibitory effect of clove essential oil and its two active principles on tooth decalcification by apple juice.

The dental erosion or decalcification of enamel is a significant clinical problem. Apple acidic beverages are thought to increase the potential for dental erosion. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of clove essential oil (CEO) and its active principles on tooth decalcification of apple juices.

Preventing dental caries in children: Indian scenario.

The prevalence of dental caries in developing countries like India is increasing to an alarming level in contrast to developed countries where it has decreased because of variety of preventive measures at the community and individual level. There is no State or Centre funded programs for prevention of dental diseases in India. The present review enlists the targeted prevention of dental caries in permanent teeth of 6 to 16 years old children presenting for dental care.

Efficacy and tolerability of a β-1 selective β blocker, bisoprolol, as a first-line antihypertensive in Indian patients diagnosed with essential hypertension (BRIGHT): an open-label, multicentric observational study.

Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of bisoprolol, in Indian patients diagnosed with stage I essential hypertension as first-line drug.

Design: This was an open-label, phase IV, multicentric prospective study.

Settings: 239 outpatient centres across India.

Mucosal fixed drug eruption in a patient treated with ornidazole.

Background: Therapeutic drugs have been observed to cause a wide spectrum of adverse oral effects such as dry mouth, gingival enlargement, taste disturbance, oral mucosal ulceration, halitosis, etc.

Observations: A rare case of intra-oral fixed drug eruption (FDE) induced by ornidazole presenting on the hard palate, an extremely rare site for FDE, in a 40-year-old male is reported.

Conclusions: Ornidazole is a relatively newer 5-nitroimidazole derivative commonly prescribed for Amoebic dysentery in developing countries.

Estimation of dental age and its comparison with chronological age: accuracy of two radiographic methods.

Introduction: Accurate age data are always necessary in medicine and dentistry, and are also important to assess maturity and estimate age in a number of disciplines, such as forensic odontology, paediatric and preventive dentistry, orthodontics, etc.

Aim: This investigation determines the accuracy of dental age estimation and its comparison with chronological age by two methods: Demirjian's and Willems'.

Materials And Methods: Tooth development was assessed in seven left mandibular teeth from 215 orthopantomograms (OPGs) belonging to healthy children aged 6-15 years selected by convenience sampling, from patients of the Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences & Research, Faridabad, and were staged according to Demirjian's and Willems' scales.

Mandibular Osteosynthesis: A Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Fixation Systems Using 2.0 mm Titanium Miniplates and 3-D Locking Plates.

Purpose: To compare and evaluate postoperative complications and treatment outcome in mandibular fracture fixation using 2.0 mm titanium miniplates and 3-D locking plates.

Method: Thirty patients were divided randomly into two groups of 15 each (including comminuted and malunited fractures).

Rheumatoid arthritis: a review and dental care considerations.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is a chronic multisystem disease of presumed autoimmune etiology. Medical complications due to RA and its treatment may affect the provision of oral health care. Associated syndromes may contribute to a patient's susceptibility to infections and impaired hemostasis.

Current status of disinfection of dental impressions in Indian dental colleges: a cause of concern.

Introduction: Dentistry is predominantly a field of surgery, involving exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials and therefore requires a high standard of infection control and safety practice in controlling cross-contamination and occupational exposures to blood- and saliva-borne diseases.

Methodology: A questionnaire survey was conducted in 60 dental colleges throughout India to establish routine methods of treating impressions of the oral cavity for disinfection. An email describing the purpose of the study along with a short questionnaire was sent to one of the teaching faculty of concerned departments of the colleges.

Comparative evaluation of surgical outcome after removal of impacted mandibular third molars using a Piezotome or a conventional handpiece: a prospective study.

Our aim was to compare the use of a conventional rotary handpiece and a Piezosurgical unit for extraction of lower third molars. We studied 40 patients, who were allocated alternately to have the third molar removed with either the handpiece or the Piezosurgical unit. Pain, trismus, and oedema were evaluated at baseline and then postoperatively, together with paraesthesiae, on postoperative days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 15.

A rare case of dens evaginatus and dens invaginatus in the same tooth, with a review of treatment options.

Dens evaginatus (DE) and dens invaginatus (DI) are rare developmental anomalies of tooth formation. These variations in odontogenesis have been individually observed and reported in the literature. This report describes the radiographic appearance and management of a 16-year-old boy who came to the clinic with a rare occurrence of both DE and DI in the same tooth and examines the criteria used in identifying and classifying such anomalies.

Impacted Canines: Our Clinical Experience.

Background: To discuss the management of impacted canines and the various approaches used for the same.

Materials And Methods: The data of 33 cases, with 43 impacted canine teeth, seen and operated over a period of 3-year in Santosh Dental College and Hospital has been compiled. The diagnostic methods and treatment modalities undertaken are described and discussed.

Cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty in femoral neck fractures in elderly.

Background: Cemented hip arthroplasty is an established treatment for femoral neck fracture in the mobile elderly. Cement pressurization raises intramedullary pressure and may lead to fat embolization, resulting in fatal bone cement implantation syndrome, particularly in patients with multiple comorbidities. The cementless stem technique may reduce this mortality risk but it is technically demanding and needs precise planning and execution.