Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Brassinazole-resistant () Gene Family and Its Expression in the Various Developmental Stage and Stress Conditions in Wheat ( L.).

Brassinosteroids (BRs) play crucial roles in various biological processes, including plant developmental processes and response to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. However, no information is currently available about this gene family in wheat ( L.).

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of PIN-FORMED (PIN) Gene Family Reveals Role in Developmental and Various Stress Conditions in L.

PIN-FORMED (PIN) genes play a crucial role in regulating polar auxin distribution in diverse developmental processes, including tropic responses, embryogenesis, tissue differentiation, and organogenesis. However, the role of PIN-mediated auxin transport in various plant species is poorly understood. Currently, no information is available about this gene family in wheat ( L.

Novel Substrates for Kinases Involved in the Biosynthesis of Inositol Pyrophosphates and Their Enhancement of ATPase Activity of a Kinase.

IP6K and PPIP5K are two kinases involved in the synthesis of inositol pyrophosphates. Synthetic analogs or mimics are necessary to understand the substrate specificity of these enzymes and to find molecules that can alter inositol pyrophosphate synthesis. In this context, we synthesized four -inositol polyphosphates--IP, -IP, -IP and Bz--IP-from -inositol and studied their activity as substrates for mouse IP6K1 and the catalytic domain of VIP1, the budding yeast variant of PPIP5K.

Reproductive cycle of the endemic and threatened fish Puntius shalynius (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in Meghalaya, India.

Puntius shalynius is a highly endemic freshwater minor carp that is economically important and is threatened because of its ornamental value. The present investigation evaluated this barb gonadal maturation, based on morphology and spawning of this species in the Umiam river, Meghalaya, India. The population of this indigenous fish has declined due to its fragmented distribution and exploitation as an ornamental fish.

Photosensitizer and peptide-conjugated PAMAM dendrimer for targeted in vivo photodynamic therapy.

Challenges in photodynamic therapy (PDT) include development of efficient near infrared-sensitive photosensitizers (5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-21H,23H-porphine [PS]) and targeted delivery of PS to the tumor tissue. In this study, a dual functional dendrimer was synthesized for targeted PDT. For targeting, a poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (G4) was conjugated with a PS and a nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) group.

Hierarchical mesoporous In2O3 with enhanced CO sensing and photocatalytic performance: distinct morphologies of In(OH)3 via self assembly coupled in situ solid-solid transformation.

The present investigation details our interesting findings and insights into the evolution of exotic hierarchical superstructures of In(OH)3 under solvothermal conditions. Controlled variation of reaction parameters such as, reactant concentration, solvent system, crystal structure modifiers, water content along with temperature and time, yielded remarkable architectures. Diverse morphologies achieved for the first time includes (i) raspberry-like hollow spheres, (ii) nanosheet-assembled spheres, (iii) nanoparticle-assembled spheres, (iv) nanocube-assembled hollow spheres, (v) yolk-like spheres, (vi) solid spheres, (vii) nanosheets/flakes, and (viii) ultrafine nanosheets.

Inositol pyrophosphates regulate RNA polymerase I-mediated rRNA transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Ribosome biogenesis is an essential cellular process regulated by the metabolic state of a cell. We examined whether inositol pyrophosphates, energy-rich derivatives of inositol that act as metabolic messengers, play a role in ribosome synthesis in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast strains lacking the inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) kinase Kcs1, which is required for the synthesis of inositol pyrophosphates, display increased sensitivity to translation inhibitors and decreased protein synthesis.

Targeted in vivo photodynamic therapy with epidermal growth factor receptor-specific peptide linked nanoparticles.

In targeted photodynamic therapy (tPDT), photosensitizers (PS) are targeted to disease tissue to reduce the dosage of PS and in addition to reduce the photo damage to the non-target tissue. We synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (NP) armored with tumor targeting peptide and PS for targeted PDT. Chitosan covered Fe3O4 NPs (30 nm) were deposited with gold NPs to generate two distinct chemical surfaces.

Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 maintains hemostasis in mice by regulating platelet polyphosphate levels.

Polyphosphate (polyP), a polymer of orthophosphate moieties released from the dense granules of activated platelets, is a procoagulant agent. Inositol pyrophosphates, another group of phosphate-rich molecules, consist of mono- and diphosphates substituted on an inositol ring. Diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (IP7), the most abundant inositol pyrophosphate, is synthesized on phosphorylation of inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) by IP6 kinases, of which there are 3 mammalian isoforms (IP6K1/2/3) and a single yeast isoform.

Structure and Li+ dynamics of Sb-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 fast lithium ion conductors.

Antimony-doped lithium stuffed garnets Li(7-x)La3Zr(2-x)Sb(x)O12 (x = 0.2-1.0) prepared using a conventional solid state reaction method are characterized using Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Analysis by X-ray (EDAX), AC Impedance spectroscopy, Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR) and Raman spectroscopic techniques.

Quantifying the effects of external shear loads on arterial and venous blood flow: implications for pressure ulcer development.

Introduction: Forces applied to the skin cause a decrease in regional blood flow. This decrease in blood flow can cause tissue necrosis and lead to the formation of deep, penetrating wounds called pressure ulcers. These wounds are detrimental to individuals with compromised health, such as the elderly and spinal-cord injured.

A facile and green approach for the controlled synthesis of porous SnO₂ nanospheres: application as an efficient photocatalyst and an excellent gas sensing material.

A facile and elegant methodology invoking the principles of Green Chemistry for the synthesis of porous tin dioxide nanospheres has been described. The low-temperature (∼50 °C) synthesis of SnO₂ nanoparticles and their self-assembly into organized, uniform, and monodispersed porous nanospheres with high surface area is facilitated by controlling the concentration of glucose, which acts as a stabilizing as well as structure-directing agent. A systematic control on the stannate to glucose molar concentration ratio determines the exact conditions to obtain monodispersed nanospheres, preferentially over random aggregation.

Genome-wide identification, evolutionary and expression analyses of putative Fe-S biogenesis genes in rice (Oryza sativa).

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) proteins are ubiquitous in nature and carry Fe-S clusters (ISCs) as prosthetic groups that are essential in maintaining basic biological processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen fixation, and DNA repair. In the present investigation, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis was carried out to find all the genes involved in the formation of ISCs in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) through a systematic EST and genomic DNA sequence data mining.

Self-assembly of short peptides composed of only aliphatic amino acids and a combination of aromatic and aliphatic amino acids.

The morphology of structures formed by the self-assembly of short N-terminal t-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) and C-terminal methyl ester (OMe) protected and Boc-deprotected hydrophobic peptide esters was investigated. We have observed that Boc-protected peptide esters composed of either only aliphatic hydrophobic amino acids or aliphatic hydrophobic amino acids in combination with aromatic amino acids, formed highly organized structures, when dried from methanol solutions. Transmission and scanning electron microscopic images of the peptides Boc-Ile-Ile-OMe, Boc-Phe-Phe-Phe-Ile-Ile-OMe and Boc-Trp-Ile-Ile-OMe showed nanotubular structures.

Viable method for the synthesis of biphasic TiO2 nanocrystals with tunable phase composition and enabled visible-light photocatalytic performance.

Here we demonstrate a facile method to synthesize high-surface-area TiO(2) nanoparticles in aqueous-ethanol system with tunable brookite/rutile and brookite/anatase ratio possessing high surface area that exhibits enhanced photoactivity. Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl(4)) is used as the metal precursor of choice and the tuning of phase compositions are achieved by varying the water:ethanol ratio, used as mixed solvent system. The synthesized samples were characterized in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET nitrogen sorption measurements, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS).

Blood perfusion and transcutaneous oxygen level characterizations in human skin with changes in normal and shear loads--implications for pressure ulcer formation.

Background: Decubitus ulcers (pressure ulcers) are localized areas of tissue breakdown in the skin and the underlying regions. Decubitus ulcers affect approximately 3 million people in the USA every year, including seniors, individuals with diabetes, and those who spend long periods in wheelchairs. Experimental studies demonstrate that static or dynamic normal loads cause blood occlusion in the skin, while prolonged loading conditions can result in skin damage.

Indibacter alkaliphilus gen. nov., sp. nov., an alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a haloalkaline lake.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile bacterium, strain LW1(T), was isolated from a water sample collected at a depth of 3.5 m from Lonar Lake, Buldhana district, Maharashtra, India. The cell suspension was reddish-orange due to the presence of carotenoids.

Arthrobacter antarcticus sp. nov., isolated from an Antarctic marine sediment.

A bacterial strain, SPC26(T), was isolated from a sediment sample of the Southern Ocean off Antarctica. The strain was Gram-staining- and catalase-positive and contained lysine and alanine in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C₁₅:₀ (54.

Bacterial diversity and bioprospecting for cold-active enzymes from culturable bacteria associated with sediment from a melt water stream of Midtre Lovenbreen glacier, an Arctic glacier.

Culturable bacterial diversity of Midtre Lovenbreen glacier, an Arctic glacier, was studied using 12 sediment samples collected from different points, along a transect, from the snout of Midtre Lovenbreen glacier up to the convergence point of the melt water stream with the sea. Bacterial abundance appeared to be closer to the convergence point of the glacial melt water stream with the sea than at the snout of the glacier. A total of 117 bacterial strains were isolated from the sediment samples.

Cryobacterium roopkundense sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from glacial soil.

Strain RuGl7(T) was isolated from a soil sample collected at the periphery of the glacial Lake Roopkund in the Himalayan mountain range, India. Cells of RuGl7(T) were Gram-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, motile and grew optimally between 15 and 18 degrees C. Cells of RuGl7(T) contained 2,4-diaminobutyric acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan and the major menaquinones were MK-10, MK-11 and MK-12.

Janibacter hoylei sp. nov., Bacillus isronensis sp. nov. and Bacillus aryabhattai sp. nov., isolated from cryotubes used for collecting air from the upper atmosphere.

Three novel bacterial strains, PVAS-1(T), B3W22(T) and B8W22(T), were isolated from cryotubes used to collect air samples at altitudes of between 27 and 41 km. Based on phenotypic characteristics, chemotaxonomic features, DNA-DNA hybridization with the nearest phylogenetic neighbours and phylogenetic analysis based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences (PVAS-1(T), 1196 nt; B3W22(T), 1541 nt; B8W22(T), 1533 nt), the three strains were identified as representing novel species, and the names proposed are Janibacter hoylei sp. nov.

Bhargavaea cecembensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the Chagos-Laccadive ridge system in the Indian Ocean.

A novel Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterium, strain DSE10(T), was isolated from a deep-sea sediment sample collected at a depth of 5904 m from the Chagos-Laccadive ridge system in the Indian Ocean. Cells of strain DSE10(T) were positive for catalase, oxidase, urease and lipase activities and contained iso-C(14 : 0), iso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(16 : 0) and anteiso-C(15 : 0) as the major fatty acids. The major respiratory quinones were MK-6 and MK-8 and the major lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol.

H2S sensing properties of nanocrystalline Sr2Fe(0.6)Ni(0.4)MoO6 thick film prepared by sol-gel citrate method.

Nanocrystalline Sr(2)FeMoO(6) (SFMO) belonging to the group of double perovskite oxides, was prepared by the sol-gel citrate method. The structural and microstructural characterization has been carried out with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. XRD of Sr(2)Fe(1-x)Ni(x)MoO(6) (SFNMO) shows the formation of solid solution with average grain size of about 40nm.

Detection of liquid petroleum gas using mixed nanosized tungsten oxide-based thick-film semiconductor sensor.

The thick-film semiconductor sensor for liquid petroleum gas (LPG) detection was fabricated using a mixed WO(3)-based sensor. We present the characterization of both their structural properties by means of XRD measurements and the electrical characteristics by using gas-sensing properties. The sensing characteristics such as sensitivity, working range, cross-sensitivity and response time were studied by using nanosized WO(3)-based mixed with different metal oxides (SnO(2), TiO(2) and In(2)O(3)) and doped with noble metals (Au, Pd and Pt).