Molecular and epigenetic alterations in normal and malignant myelopoiesis in human leukemia 60 (HL60) promyelocytic cell line model.

cell line model systems are essential in supporting the research community due to their low cost, uniform culturing conditions, homogeneous biological resources, and easy experimental design to study the cause and effect of a gene or a molecule. Human leukemia 60 (HL60) is an hematopoietic model system that has been used for decades to study normal myeloid differentiation and leukemia biology. Here, we show that IMDM supplemented with 20% FBS is an optimal culturing condition and induces effective myeloid differentiation compared with RPMI supplemented with 10% FBS when HL60 is induced with 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Vit D3) and retinoic acid (ATRA).

Analysis of Indian SARS-CoV-2 Genomes Reveals Prevalence of D614G Mutation in Spike Protein Predicting an Increase in Interaction With TMPRSS2 and Virus Infectivity.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, has emerged as a global pandemic worldwide. In this study, we used ARTIC primers-based amplicon sequencing to profile 225 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from India. Phylogenetic analysis of 202 high-quality assemblies identified the presence of all the five reported clades 19A, 19B, 20A, 20B, and 20C in the population.

Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies RNA Binding Proteins as Putative Regulators of Myelopoiesis and Leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common and aggressive hematological malignancy. Acquisition of heterogeneous genetic aberrations and epigenetic dysregulation lead to the transformation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) into leukemic stem cells (LSC), which subsequently gives rise to immature blast cells and a leukemic phenotype. LSCs are responsible for disease relapse as current chemotherapeutic regimens are not able to completely eradicate these cellular sub-populations.

Altered intestinal microbiota in patients with chronic pancreatitis: implications in diabetes and metabolic abnormalities.

Intestinal dysbiosis and its functional implications in chronic pancreatitis (CP) have not been elaborately studied. We evaluated the taxonomic and functional alterations in intestinal microbiota in 30 well-characterised patients with CP (16 without, 14 with diabetes) and 10 healthy controls. The patients with CP and diabetes had significantly longer disease duration and greater degree of malnutrition.

Cytokines and Blastocyst Hatching.

Blastocyst implantation into the uterine endometrium establishes early pregnancy. This event is regulated by blastocyst- and/or endometrium-derived molecular factors which include hormones, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, cytokines and proteases. Their coordinated expression and function are critical for a viable pregnancy.

A case-control study to detect the extent of DNA damage in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid reactions using comet assay.

Aim: This study aims to quantify the extent of DNA damage in lymphocytes of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid reactions (OLRs) using comet assay.

Methodology: Lymphocytes from peripheral blood were subjected to alkaline comet assay. Comet length (CL), head diameter (HD), percentage of DNA in head, tail length (TL), percentage of DNA in tail, tail intensity, tail mean and tail moment were compared between study group (OLP and OLR) and control group using Student's t-test.

Idiopathic orofacial granulomatosis - a diagnostic and treatment challenge.

Orofacial granulomatosis is an uncommon disease, usually presenting as recurrent or persistent swelling of the soft tissues, predominantly lips - termed as Cheilitis Granulomatosa. Though various aetiological factors like foreign body reactions, infections, Crohn's disease and Sarcoidosis have been implicated in the disease process. Delayed Hypersensitivity reaction with a predominant Th1-mediated immune response provide further evidence to the etiopathogenesis in Orofacial granulomatosis.

Current pattern in antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella Typhi isolates in Pondicherry.

Typhoid fever continues to remain a health problem as the causative organism Salmonella Typhi has developed resistance to many of the antibiotics used. This study was undertaken to determine the current pattern of resistance to antimicrobial agents and phage types of S.Typhi isolates obtained in a tertiary health care hospital in Pondicherry.

Multidrug-resistant typhoid fever.

One hundred children (consecutive) with positive blood culture for Salmonella typhi were studied for clinical profile and complications. The common clinical features were fever (100%), vomiting (58%), abdominal pain (48%), cough (22%) and loose stools (14%) and the Widal test was positive in 75% patients. Eighty per cent of the salmonella isolates were resistant to amoxycillin, chloramphenicol and co-trimoxazole drugs, but all were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone.

Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis: Indian perspective.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the common life limiting inherited diseases in Caucasian population. Recent reports suggest that the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in Indian children is missed or delayed due to low index of suspicion. The diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is suspected by the typical clinical features and should be confirmed by doing sweat chloride estimation.

Dengue haemorrhagic fever in children in the 1996 Delhi epidemic.

An epidemic of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) occurred in Delhi in 1996. A total of 240 children between the age of 4 months to 13 years of either sex, admitted in one hospital, were evaluated. Two hundred and sixteen (90%) children were from Delhi.

Myocardial dysfunction in children with dengue haemorrhagic fever.

Background: Dengue fever/dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome is a serious health problem in tropical countries. Intravascular fluid depletion due to capillary leak is presumed to be the cause of hypotension in dengue haemorrhagic fever. The treatment guidelines of the World Health Organization lay stress primarily on monitoring and fluid replacement therapy.

Vitamin A supplementation in post-measles complications.

One-hundred-and-seventy-seven children with post-measles complications divided into two comparable groups were studied for the effect of Vit.A Supplementation. Eighty-nine children received Vit.