Intranasally administrated fusion-inhibitory lipopeptides block SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice and enable long-term protective immunity.

We have assessed antiviral activity and induction of protective immunity of fusion-inhibitory lipopeptides derived from the C-terminal heptad-repeat domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in transgenic mice expressing human ACE2 (K18-hACE2). The lipopeptides block SARS-CoV-2 infection in cell lines and lung-derived organotypic cultures. Intranasal administration in mice allows the maintenance of homeostatic transcriptomic immune profile in lungs, prevents body-weight loss, decreases viral load and shedding, and protects mice from death caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Exercise-related self-perception, physical activity and intention to in-person and virtual activities among adolescent girls.

This study aimed (1) to describe the experience of adolescents and adults using FitSpirit asynchronous virtual (V) exercise videos that target adolescent girls, (2) to compare physical activity (PA) levels and exercise-related self-perception variables among groups (2019 in-person [IP], 2021 IP, and 2021 V) of adolescent girls, and (3) to assess the association between the adolescents' PA levels and their exercise-related self-perception in response to IP (pre-pandemic and during pandemic) and V (during pandemic) FitSpirit exercise modes. Regarding the first aim, 28 adolescent girls ([15.5 ​± ​0.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery for World Health Organization Grade 2 and 3 Oligodendroglioma: An International Multicenter Study.

Background And Objectives: Oligodendrogliomas are primary brain tumors classified as isocitrate deshydrogenase-mutant and 1p19q codeleted in the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of central nervous system tumors. Surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are well-established management options for these tumors. Few studies have evaluated the efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for oligodendroglioma.

Evaluation of a Program Designed to Support Implementation of Prescribing Medication for Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder in Primary Care Practices.

Purpose: Offering medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) in primary care can increase access to effective opioid use disorder treatment and help address the US opioid crisis. We describe a primary care office-based opioid treatment program and addiction consultation service model designed to support small, rural clinics to increase their capacity for MOUD.

Methods: This is an evaluation of an intervention to increase clinic capacity to offer MOUD.

The role of meal timing in appetitive responses to acute exercise in adolescents with and without obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Physical activity has been shown to improve various aspects of metabolic health and is frequently applied as an intervention in the management and prevention of overweight/obesity. Chrono-exercise can be studied in relation to time of day and timing in relation to a meal, which encompasses chronology and duration of the temporal interval, but the latter has received limited attention to date. This brief review and meta-analysis investigates whether the timing of a meal subsequent to acute exercise, in children and adolescents with and without overweight/obesity, moderates eating behaviour and appetite.

Hypertensive Response to Exercise in Normotensive Men and Women with Abdominal Obesity: Association with Subclinical Adverse Cardiac Remodeling.

Hypertensive response to exercise (HRE) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular events. HRE is prevalent among people with excess adiposity. Both obesity and HRE have been individually associated with adverse cardiac remodeling.

Enhancing shared street accessibility in heritage sites for individuals with visual disabilities: a Canadian perspective.

Introduction: Heritage sites often pose significant accessibility challenges for individuals with visual disabilities due to their preserved architectural features and strict regulations against modifications. In shared streets, designed to encourage pedestrian use and reduce vehicle dominance, these challenges are exacerbated by the lack of tactile and directional cues for visually impaired users. This study, set in the context of Canadian heritage sites, explores how shared streets can be adapted to be more inclusive while respecting the integrity of historical environments.

Deciphering the mechanisms of action underlying probiotic properties of Shouchella clausii by a functional genomics approach.

Probiotics are widely used for their health promoting effects, though a lot remain to be discovered, particularly on their mechanisms of action at the molecular level. The functional genomic approach is an appropriate method to decipher how probiotics may influence human cell fate and therefore contribute to their health benefit. In the present work, we focused on Shouchella clausii (formerly named Bacillus then Alkalihalobacillus clausii), a spore-forming bacterium that is commercially available as a probiotic for the prevention and the treatment of intestinal dysbiosis and related gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhoea.

Pivotal role of exogenous pyruvate in human natural killer cell metabolism.

Resting natural killer (NK) cells display immediate effector functions after recognizing transformed or infected cells. The environmental nutrients and metabolic requirements to sustain these functions are not fully understood. Here, we show that NK cells rely on the use of extracellular pyruvate to support effector functions, signal transduction and cell viability.

EDENT1FI Master Protocol for screening of presymptomatic early-stage type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents.

Introduction: The identification of type 1 diabetes at an early presymptomatic stage has clinical benefits. These include a reduced risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the clinical manifestation of the disease and a significant reduction in clinical symptoms. The European action for the Diagnosis of Early Non-clinical Type 1 diabetes For disease Interception (EDENT1FI) represents a pioneering effort to advance early detection of type 1 diabetes through public health screening.

The influence of workload on muscle fatigue, tissue properties, and postural stability in older and younger workers.

Demographic aging and extended working lives have prompted interest in the physiological changes that occur with age, particularly in the lumbar spine. Age-related declines in muscle quality and intervertebral disc alterations may reduce muscular endurance, strength, and postural stability, potentially increasing the risk of musculoskeletal injuries in older workers. As experienced workers play an important role in addressing labor shortages, understanding the impact of age-related physiological changes on the biomechanical properties of the lumbar spine is key to ensure safe and sustainable employment for aging individuals.

E4F1 coordinates pyruvate metabolism and the activity of the elongator complex to ensure translation fidelity during brain development.

Pyruvate metabolism defects lead to severe neuropathies such as the Leigh syndrome (LS) but the molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal cell death remain poorly understood. Here, we unravel a connection between pyruvate metabolism and the regulation of the epitranscriptome that plays an essential role during brain development. Using genetically engineered mouse model and primary neuronal cells, we identify the transcription factor E4F1 as a key coordinator of AcetylCoenzyme A (AcCoA) production by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and its utilization as an essential co-factor by the Elongator complex to acetylate tRNAs at the wobble position uridine 34 (U).

Phage biocontrol in water treatment and reuse systems: a nascent field with significant innovation opportunities.

While the use of phages in the food and biomedical sectors occurs commercially, their application in the water sector is less common and is typically demonstrated at a lower technological readiness level. This is so despite the potential that phages have to enhance the control of problematic bacteria (including pathogens) and protect infrastructure within the water sector. Fulfilling the great potential of this nascent field requires more research and development.

Prevalence of comorbidities and cardiovascular risk factor management in hand osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of comorbidities and management of cardiovascular risk factors according to established guidelines for patients with hand osteoarthritis.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted that included 110 hand osteoarthritis patients. The clinical parameters (pain, function, grip strength, quality of life, sarcopenia, and comorbidities) were assessed along with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (blood pressure, body mass index, and dyslipidaemia).

Thermoresponsive gel embedding extracellular vesicles from adipose stromal cells improves the healing of colonic anastomoses following irradiation in rats.

Anastomotic leak occurrence is a severe complication after colorectal surgery. Considering the difficulty of treating these leaks and their impact on patient care, there is a strong need for an efficient prevention strategy. We evaluated a combination of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from rat adipose-derived stromal cells with a thermoresponsive gel, Pluronic® F127 (PF-127) to prevent anastomotic leaks.

Magnetic properties of quenched binary and ternary quasicrystal approximants.

The magnetic properties of binary Gd-Cd and ternary Gd-Au-Ge crystals obtained from the newly introduced low-melt peritectic formation (LMPF) synthesis method were investigated. This method consists of a rapid quenching of the metallic melt followed by an annealing treatment at a relevant temperature. In the first system, both quasicrystal (QC) and approximant crystal (AC) phases can be stabilized, whereas only the AC phase is obtainable in the pseudo-binary Gd-(Au-Ge) system.

Association of genetically predicted levels of circulating blood lipids with coronary artery disease incidence.

Background And Aims: Estimating the genetic risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) is now possible by aggregating data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) into polygenic risk scores (PRS). Combining multiple PRS for specific circulating blood lipids could improve risk prediction. Here, we sought to evaluate the performance of PRS derived from CAD and blood lipids GWAS to predict the incidence of CAD.

The 5-factor modified frailty index as a prognostic factor following stereotactic radiosurgery for metastatic disease to the brain from non-small cell lung cancer: A multi-center cohort analysis.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients often develop brain metastases (BMs), complicating management. We have shown that increasing frailty is associated with decreased overall survival (OS) and central nervous system progression free survival (PFS) for patients undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to BMs. Leveraging the International Radiosurgery Research Foundation, we sought to expand upon these findings, in NSCLC specifically.

Protocol for murine multi-tissue deep immunophenotyping using a 40-color full-spectrum flow cytometry panel.

The innate and adaptive immune systems, though often studied separately, interact deeply and respond to stimuli simultaneously, with leukocytes displaying a range of pro- to anti-inflammatory phenotypes. This protocol details a procedure for characterizing murine innate and adaptive immune phenotypes using a 40-color full-spectral flow cytometry panel. We describe steps for organ collection, sample preparation, immunofluorescent staining, and acquisition to reproducibly and cost-effectively study tissue-resident leukocytes, their subpopulations, and inflammatory status in various organs.

The Use of Automated Insulin Delivery around Physical Activity and Exercise in Type 1 Diabetes: A Position Statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD).

Regular physical activity and exercise (PA) are cornerstones of diabetes care for individuals with type 1 diabetes. In recent years, the availability of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems has improved the ability of people with type 1 diabetes to achieve the recommended glucose target ranges. PA provides additional health benefits but can cause glucose fluctuations, which challenges current AID systems.

The use of automated insulin delivery around physical activity and exercise in type 1 diabetes: a position statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD).

Regular physical activity and exercise (PA) are cornerstones of diabetes care for individuals with type 1 diabetes. In recent years, the availability of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems has improved the ability of people with type 1 diabetes to achieve the recommended glucose target ranges. PA provide additional health benefits but can cause glucose fluctuations, which challenges current AID systems.