Migration characteristics and toxic effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorobutane sulfonate in tobacco.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and its new substitute, perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), are increasing in concentration in the environment annually, and their toxicity cannot be ignored. With an increasing amount of PFOS and PFBS entering the environment, especially into farmland soil, it is very likely to pollute tobacco-planting soil. Therefore, we chose tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.

Lower toxicity of HFPO-DA compared to its predecessor PFOA to the earthworm Eisenia fetida: Evidence from oxidative stress and transcriptomic analysis.

Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA), an emerging perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) that is replacing traditional PFASs, has a wide range of industrial applications and has been detected globally in the environment. However, it remains unclear whether HFPO-DA, is genuinely less toxic than perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in terms of soil environmental hazards. Therefore, this study aimed to compare differences in toxicity between PFOA and its substitute, HFPO-DA, in a common species of earthworm, Eisenia fetida.

Comparison of the combined toxicity of PFOA and emerging alternatives: A comprehensive evaluation of oxidative damage, apoptosis and immunotoxicity in embryonic and adult zebrafish.

Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) are widely used substitutes to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Whether these substitutes are less toxic than PFOA remains unclear owing to differences in the experimental methods, test organisms, and other experimental conditions in previous studies. The present study selected 0.

Are HFPO-TA and HFPO-DA safe substitutes for PFOA? A comprehensive toxicity study using zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and adults.

Due to the multiple biotoxicity caused by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), the application and production of PFOA is regulated globally. PFOA substitutes including hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) and hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) have been applied to industrial processes and subsequently detected in surface and groundwater, yet there is a lack of comprehensive assessment of their toxicity to aquatic organisms. Therefore, under the same time and same experimental conditions, the toxic effects and differences of PFOA, HFPO-TA, and HFPO-DA on zebrafish adults and embryos were assessed from oxidative damage, apoptosis, immune function impairment, and protein interactions.

Negative effects of polyvinyl chloride microplastics and the plasticizer DnOP on earthworms: Co-exposure enhances oxidative stress and immune system damage in earthworms.

Polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC-MPs) are the most used plastics in agriculture. Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), a commonly used plasticizer in PVC-MPs, may be released from plastic and coexist with PVC-MPs. The effects of DnOP alone and coexisting with PVC-MPs are not known.

Contribution of Cd passivating functional bacterium H27 to tobacco growth under Cd stress.

The cadmium (Cd) embedded in tobacco not only affects yield and quality but also harms human health. Microbial remediation has attracted widespread attention due to its low cost and minimal risk of secondary pollution. Therefore, researching microbes capable of inhibiting crop absorption of heavy metals or removing heavy metals from the environment has significant practical implications.

Enhanced remediation of chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil by immobilized strain Bacillus H27.

Chlorpyrifos is a pesticide widely used in agricultural production with a relatively long residual half-life in soil. Addressing the problem of residual chlorpyrifos is of universal concern. In this study, rice hull biochar was used as an immobilized carrier to prepare the immobilized strain H27 for the remediation of chlorpyrifos-contamination soil.

Effects of dissolved organic matter on the environmental behavior and toxicity of metal nanomaterials: A review.

Metal nanomaterials (MNMs) have been released into the environment during their usage in various products, and their environmental behaviors directly impact their toxicity. Numerous environmental factors potentially affect the behaviors and toxicity of MNMs with dissolved organic matter (DOM) playing the most essential role. Abundant facts showing contradictory results about the effects of DOM on MNMs, herein the occurrence of DOM on the environmental process change of MNMs such as dissolution, dispersion, aggregation, and surface transformation were summarized.

[Research Process on the Combined Pollution of Microplastics and Typical Pollutants in Agricultural Soils].

As a new type of environmental persistent pollutant， microplastics can not only have adverse effects on the ecosystem but also form complex pollution with co-existing pollutants in the surrounding environment， resulting in higher ecological and health risks. Based on the perspective of agroecosystems， this study focused on the combined pollution of heavy metals， pesticides， and antibiotics， which are three typical pollutants of farmland soil， as well as microplastics and discussed the adsorption-desorption behavior of heavy metals， pesticides， and antibiotics on microplastics. The influence of the structure and properties of microplastics， the physicochemical properties of pollutants， and environmental conditions on the adsorption and desorption behavior of heavy metals， pesticides， and antibiotics on microplastics was discussed.

Soil health hazards of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate: New perspectives on earthworms from different ecological niches DNA damage, gut microbial disruption and soil enzyme changes.

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is perceived an emerging threat to terrestrial ecosystem, however, clear and accurate studies to fully understander ecotoxicity and underlying mechanisms of DEHP on the soil fauna remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study conducted a microcosm experiment of two earthworm ecotypes to investigate the ecological hazards of DHEP from multiple perspectives. The results showed that DEHP significantly increased the 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) content both in Eisenia foetida (13.

Characteristics of biological manganese oxides produced by manganese-oxidizing bacteria H38 and its removal mechanism of oxytetracycline.

Oxytetracycline (OTC) is widely used in clinical medicine and animal husbandry. Residual OTC can affect the normal life activities of microorganisms, animals, and plants and affect human health. Microbial remediation has become a research hotspot in the environmental field.

Rhizosphere bacteria G-H27 significantly promoted the degradation of chlorpyrifos and fosthiazate.

Microbial remediation of polluted environments is the most promising and significant research direction in the field of bioremediation. In this study, chlorpyrifos and fosthiazate were selected as representative organophosphorus pesticides, wheat was the tested plant, and fluorescently labeled degrading Bacillus cereus G-H27 were the film-forming bacteria. Exogenous strengthening technology was used to establish degrading bacterial biofilms on the root surface of wheat.

Effects of farmland residual mulch film-derived microplastics on the structure and function of soil and earthworm Metaphire guillelmi gut microbiota.

Microplastics derived from polyethylene (PE) mulch films are widely found in farmland soils and present considerable potential threats to agricultural soil ecosystems. However, the influence of microplastics derived from PE mulch films, especially those derived from farmland residual PE mulch films, on soil ecosystems remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the bacterial communities attached to farmland residual transparent PE mulch film (FRMF) collected from peanut fields and the different ecological effects of unused PE mulch film-derived microplastics (MPs) and FRMF-derived microplastics (MPs-aged) on the soil and earthworm Metaphire guillelmi gut microbiota, functional traits, and co-occurrence patterns.

Combined toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics and 3,6-dibromocarbazole on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos.

Microplastics (MPs) and polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are widely detected in the aquatic environment, and their ecological risks have become a research focus. Although there is an extensive co-distribution of MPs and PHCZs, their combined toxicity to aquatic organisms is still unclear. This study investigated the toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and 3,6-dibromocarbazole (3,6-DBCZ) on zebrafish embryos by individual/combined exposure.

Environmental behaviors and toxic mechanisms of engineered nanomaterials in soil.

Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are inevitably released into the environment with the exponential application of nanotechnology. Parts of ENMs eventually accumulate in the soil environment leading to potential adverse effects on soil ecology, crop production, and human health. Therefore, the safety application of ENMs on soil has been widely discussed in recent years.

Mechanism of the adverse outcome of Chlorella vulgaris exposure to diethyl phthalate: Water environmental health reflected by primary producer toxicity.

As a ubiquitous contaminant in aquatic environments, diethyl phthalate (DEP) is a major threat to ecosystems because of its increasing utilization. However, the ecological responses to and toxicity mechanisms of DEP in aquatic organisms remain poorly understood. To address this environmental concern, we selected Chlorella vulgaris (C.

Enrichment and distribution of 3,6-dichlorocarbazole in red crucian carp (Carassius auratus) and its hepatotoxicity.

Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are a class of organohalogen compounds where the hydrogen atom on the carbazole ring is replaced by a halogen atom. In recent years, PHCZs have drawn increasing concern due to their persistence, dioxin-like toxicity, bioaccumulation, potential ecological hazards and widespread occurrence in the environment. Current research on the enrichment and depuration of PHCZs in biological tissues and organs is insufficient, and the liver toxicity is unclear.

Effects of the polyhalogenated carbazoles 3-bromocarbazole and 1,3,6,8-tetrabromocarbazole on soil microbial communities.

Soil ecosystems are being more contaminated with polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs), which raising much attention about their impact on soil microorganisms. 3-Bromocarbazole (3-BCZ) and 1,3,6,8-tetrabromocarbazole (1,3,6,8-TBCZ) are two typical PHCZs with high detection rates in the soil environment. However, ecological risk research on these two PHCZs in soil is still lacking.

Effects of butyl benzyl phthalate on zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain and the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed by transcriptome analysis.

Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), a widely used class of plasticizers, has caused considerable concerns due to its widespread detection in various environmental media. However, the potential impact of BBP on the brain and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to 0, 5, 50, and 500 μg/L BBP for 28 days.

Biodegradation mechanism of chlorpyrifos by Bacillus sp. H27: Degradation enzymes, products, pathways and whole genome sequencing analysis.

Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a pesticide widely used in agricultural production. However, excessive use of CP is risky for human health and the ecological environment. Microbial remediation has become a research hotspot of environmental pollution control.

Effects of magnesium-modified biochar on antibiotic resistance genes and microbial communities in chicken manure composting.

Abatement of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in livestock manure by composting has attracted attention. This study investigated the effect of adding magnesium-modified biochar (MBC) on ARGs and microbial communities in chicken manure composting. Twelve genes for tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and macrolides, and mobile genetic elements were measured in the compost pile.

Co-exposure effects of butyl benzyl phthalate and TiO nanomaterials (anatase) on Metaphire guillelmi gut health.

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and TiO nanomaterials (nTiO) are commonly used as plastic additives, nano-fertilizers or nano-pesticides. Their excessive co-applications led to the co-occurrence, which can induce damage to soil organisms such as Metaphire guillelmi (an earthworm widespread in farmland). However, the co-exposure effects of butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP, a typical PAEs) and nTiO on Metaphire guillelmi at environmental-relevant concentrations remain unclear.