(P)ppGpp synthetase Rel facilitates cellulose formation of biofilm by regulating glycosyltransferase in Brucella abortus.

Biofilms are complex adhesive structures that establish chronic infection and allow robust protection from external stressors such as antibiotics. Cellulose as one of the compositions of bacteria biofilm which protect bacteria from stress, host immune responses and resistance to antibiotics. Bacterial stress responses are regulated via guanosine pentaphosphate and tetraphosphate (p)ppGpp.

The synergies of air quality monitoring program: Information disclosure and pollution control.

To deal with the increasingly severe climate crisis and environmental pollution, China launched a nationwide real-time air quality monitoring program in three batches, a milestone moment in its environmental governance history. Using the time-varying difference-in-differences model, this study explores the synergies of this program across 284 cities from 2009 to 2019. The findings are as follows: (1) With environmental information disclosed, the national air quality monitoring program can reduce the outdoor fine particulate matter concentration by an overall effect of 3.

Epiregulin ameliorates ovariectomy-induced bone loss through orchestrating the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Epiregulin plays a role in a range of biological activities including malignancies. This study aims to investigate the potential contribution of epiregulin to bone cell differentiation and bone homeostasis. The data showed that epiregulin expression was upregulated during osteogenesis but downregulated during adipogenesis.

Epidemiology and Ecology of Toscana Virus Infection and Its Global Risk Distribution.

Toscana virus (TOSV), a member of the genus transmitted by sandflies, is acknowledged for its capacity to cause neurological infections and is widely distributed across Mediterranean countries. The potential geographic distribution and risk to the human population remained obscure due to its neglected nature. We searched PubMed and Web of Science for articles published between 1 January 1971 and 30 June 2023 to extract data on TOSV detection in vectors, vertebrates and humans, clinical information of human patients, as well as the occurrence of two identified sandfly vectors for TOSV.

Stress Distributions and Luminescent Responses of Mechanoluminescent Cylinders with Various Sizes and Loading Paths.

Mechanoluminescent (ML) materials emit light by trapping and releasing charge carriers under mechanical stress. However, previous studies do not fully reveal the relationship between emitting light intensity and mechanical stress, thereby affecting the accuracy of stress measurement. This study addresses this gap by systematically investigating ML cylinders with various sizes and loading paths using theoretical analysis and simulations, focusing on the maximum contact stress, equivalent stress distribution, and the relationship between the strain energy density and light intensity at the point of maximum contact stress.

Theoretical Research on the Axial Compression Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Mid-Long Columns Reinforced with Ultra-High-Performance Concrete.

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is a cement-based composite material characterised by exceptional strength, low porosity and high durability, making it highly promising for reinforcement engineering. Based on the theory of tangential modulus, a calculation method has been developed for the axial compression capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) medium and long columns strengthened with UHPC, using the constitutive relation of materials and internal and external force balance conditions. This study analysed the influence of UHPC reinforcement layer thickness, reinforced layer, reinforcement ratio, column slenderness ratio and initial load level of core columns on the bearing capacity of reinforced columns.

Molecular and Proteomic Analyses of Effects of Cadmium Exposure on the Silk Glands of .

Cadmium (Cd) is a pervasive heavy metal pollutant released into the environment through industrial activities such as mining, smelting, and agricultural runoff. This study aimed to investigate the molecular and metabolic impacts of Cd exposure on the silk glands of , a species renowned for producing silk with exceptional mechanical properties. Cd accumulation in spider bodies and silk glands was significantly higher in the low- and high-Cd groups compared to controls, with a dose- and time-dependent increase.

Gboxin Induced Apoptosis and Ferroptosis of Cervical Cancer Cells by Promoting Autophagy-Mediated Inhibition of Nrf2 Signaling Under Low-Glucose Conditions.

Cervical cancer poses a substantial threat to women's health, underscoring the necessity for effective therapeutic agents with low toxicity that specifically target cancer cells. As cancer progresses, increased glucose consumption causes glucose scarcity in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Consequently, it is imperative to identify pharmacological agents capable of effectively killing cancer cells under conditions of low glucose availability within the TME.

Effects of green manuring on chemical characteristics and microecology of tobacco-growing soil in central henan.

Objective: This study explored green manuring effects on microecology, carbon/nitrogen levels, and enzyme activity in tobacco-growing soils.

Methods: After 30,000 kg·hm⁻² overpressure and 28 days of natural decomposition, plants (Hordeum vulgare L. (DM), Secale cereale L.

LACCASE35 Enhances Lignification and Resistance Against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Infection in Kiwifruit.

Kiwifruit bacterial canker, a highly destructive disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), seriously affects kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) production.

3D Mechanical Response Stem Cell Complex Repairs Spinal Cord Injury by Promoting Neurogenesis and Regulating Tissue Homeostasis.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to acute tissue damage that disrupts the microenvironmental homeostasis of the spinal cord, inhibiting cell survival and function, and thereby undermining treatment efficacy. Traditional stem cell therapies have limited success in SCI, due to the difficulties in maintaining cell survival and inducing sustained differentiation into neural lineages. A new solution may arise from controlling the fate of stem cells by creating an appropriate mechanical microenvironment.

Molecular Mechanism of VSV-Vectored ASFV Vaccine Activating Immune Response in DCs.

The vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-vectored African swine fever virus (ASFV) vaccine can induce efficient immune response, but the potential mechanism remains unsolved. In order to investigate the efficacy of recombinant viruses (VSV-p35, VSV-p72)-mediated dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and the mechanism of inducing T-cell immune response, the functional effects of recombinant viruses on DC activation and target antigens presentation were explored in this study. The results showed that surface-marked molecules (CD80, CD86, CD40, and MHC-II) and secreted cytokines (IL-4, TNF-α, IFN-γ) were highly expressed in the recombinant virus-infected DCs.

Integrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses Reveal Molecular Mechanism of Response to Heat Shock in .

Morels ( spp.), as one of the rare macroascomycetes that can be cultivated artificially, possess significant economic and scientific values. Morel cultivation is highly sensitive to elevated temperatures; however, the mechanisms of their response to heat shock remain poorly understood.

Clinical application of third-generation dual-source CT-based dynamic imaging reconstruction for pulmonary embolism imaging.

Background: To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of third-generation dual-source CT for pulmonary embolism, focusing on the optimization of dual-source CT scanning with dynamic reconstruction in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and various imaging manifestations.

Methods: Eighty-two patients with pulmonary embolism were enrolled and randomly divided into standard CT angiography (SCTA) and dynamic CT angiography (DCTA). DCTA patients were divided into dynamic CT angiography arterial phase (DCTAa), time phase Angiography reconstruction (TMIP-CTA), and 4D noise reduction TMIP-CTA according to the image reconstruction.

Enhancing Waterproof Food Packaging with Janus Structure: Lotus Leaf Biomimicry and Polyphenol Particle Technology for Vegetable Preservation.

With the increasing demand for improved food preservation, conventional waterproof food packaging has proven inadequate because of its limited functionality. Although incorporating features such as antibacterial and antioxidant properties into packaging enhances protection, it can compromise the hydrophobicity of the involved material, thereby increasing the risk of contamination from external sources. To address this challenge, a robust and reliable barrier capable of simultaneously integrating multiple protective functions is required.

High-dimensional multiple imputation (HDMI) for partially observed confounders including natural language processing-derived auxiliary covariates.

Multiple imputation (MI) models can be improved with auxiliary covariates (AC), but their performance in high-dimensional data remains unclear. We aimed to develop and compare high-dimensional MI (HDMI) methods using structured and natural language processing (NLP)-derived AC in studies with partially observed confounders. We conducted a plasmode simulation with acute kidney injury as outcome and simulated 100 cohorts with a null treatment effect, incorporating creatinine labs, atrial fibrillation (AFib), and other investigator-derived confounders in the outcome generation.

Resveratrol Reduces Cisplatin-induced Cochlear Hair Cell Pyroptosis by Inhibiting the mtROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 Pathway.

Background: Cisplatin is an effective anti-cancer drug with limited clinical applications due to ototoxicity. Resveratrol, known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been reported to mitigate these adverse effects, although the underlying mechanism remains under-researched.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of resveratrol on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Lidocaine could promote the cuproptosis through up-regulating the long noncoding RNA DNMBP-AS1 in Hep-2 cells.

Background: Lidocaine is a traditional local anesthetic, which has been reported to trigger apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway, independent of death receptor signaling. Cuproptosis is a copper triggered mitochondrial cell death mode. In this study, we explored the biological effects of lidocaine on cuproptosis in Hep-2 cells and studied the relevant mechanisms.

Identification of depressive symptoms in adolescents using machine learning combining childhood and adolescence features.

Background: Depressive symptoms in adolescents can significantly affect their daily lives and pose risks to their future development. These symptoms may be linked to various factors experienced during both childhood and adolescence. Machine learning (ML) has attracted substantial attention in the field of adolescent depression; however, studies establishing prediction models have primarily considered childhood or adolescent features separately, resulting in a lack of analyses that incorporate factors from both stages.

First-line cadonilimab plus chemotherapy in HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy have been the standard of care in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma; however, the survival benefits are modest in patients with low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Here we investigated the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (PD-1/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) bispecific antibody) plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. The prespecified interim analysis is reported here.

Controllable synthesis of nonlayered high-κ MnO single-crystal thin films for 2D electronics.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been identified as promising candidates for future electronic devices. However, high dielectric constant (κ) materials, which can be integrated with 2D semiconductors, are still rare. Here, we report a hydrate-assisted thinning chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique to grow manganese oxide (MnO) single crystal nanosheets, enabled by a strategy to minimize the substrate lattice mismatch and control the growth kinetics.

Transcriptome analysis of regenerated dermis stimulated by mechanical stretch.

Background: Mechanical stretch is utilized in the process of tissue expansion to promote skin regeneration, which is crucial for wound healing and organ reconstruction purposes. Enlarged dermal area is one of the significant histological characteristics of the expanded skin. However, the underlying biological processes and molecular pathways associated with dermal regeneration triggered by mechanical stretch are still not well understood.

Five new triterpenoids isolated from mastic: Structural identification and their anti-inflammatory activity.

Five new oleanane-type triterpenoids were isolated from mastic. Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods and single-crystal X-ray crystallographic experiments. Compound 1 is distinguished by its rare furan ring.