Icariin Acts as a Potential Agent for Preventing Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although essential for successful recovery, myocardium reperfusion is associated with reperfusion injury. Icariin, a major flavonoid of Epimedium koreanum Nakai, has been proven to exert efficacy for improving cardiovascular function.

Learning view-model joint relevance for 3D object retrieval.

3D object retrieval has attracted extensive research efforts and become an important task in recent years. It is noted that how to measure the relevance between 3D objects is still a difficult issue. Most of the existing methods employ just the model-based or view-based approaches, which may lead to incomplete information for 3D object representation.

Multiview alignment hashing for efficient image search.

Hashing is a popular and efficient method for nearest neighbor search in large-scale data spaces by embedding high-dimensional feature descriptors into a similarity preserving Hamming space with a low dimension. For most hashing methods, the performance of retrieval heavily depends on the choice of the high-dimensional feature descriptor. Furthermore, a single type of feature cannot be descriptive enough for different images when it is used for hashing.

Targeting accurate object extraction from an image: a comprehensive study of natural image matting.

With the development of digital multimedia technologies, image matting has gained increasing interests from both academic and industrial communities. The purpose of image matting is to precisely extract the foreground objects with arbitrary shapes from an image or a video frame for further editing. It is generally known that image matting is inherently an ill-posed problem because we need to output three images out of only one input image.

Learning deep and wide: a spectral method for learning deep networks.

Building intelligent systems that are capable of extracting high-level representations from high-dimensional sensory data lies at the core of solving many computer vision-related tasks. We propose the multispectral neural networks (MSNN) to learn features from multicolumn deep neural networks and embed the penultimate hierarchical discriminative manifolds into a compact representation. The low-dimensional embedding explores the complementary property of different views wherein the distribution of each view is sufficiently smooth and hence achieves robustness, given few labeled training data.

Learning Computational Models of Video Memorability from fMRI Brain Imaging.

Generally, various visual media are unequally memorable by the human brain. This paper looks into a new direction of modeling the memorability of video clips and automatically predicting how memorable they are by learning from brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We propose a novel computational framework by integrating the power of low-level audiovisual features and brain activity decoding via fMRI.

Revised annotations, sex-biased expression, and lineage-specific genes in the Drosophila melanogaster group.

Here, we provide revised gene models for D. ananassae, D. yakuba, and D.

[Study on wild germplasm resoures of Begonia fimbristipula in Dinghu District, Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province].

Objective: A systematical investigation on the distribution of wild germplasm of Regonia fimbristipula in Dinghu District, Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province was conducted at 8 sites.

Methods: Field quadrat survey method was carried out.

Results: Begonia fimbristipula had obvious phenotypical plasticity showing three phenotypes with red, green and bicolor leaf, respectively.

Transfer learning for visual categorization: a survey.

Regular machine learning and data mining techniques study the training data for future inferences under a major assumption that the future data are within the same feature space or have the same distribution as the training data. However, due to the limited availability of human labeled training data, training data that stay in the same feature space or have the same distribution as the future data cannot be guaranteed to be sufficient enough to avoid the over-fitting problem. In real-world applications, apart from data in the target domain, related data in a different domain can also be included to expand the availability of our prior knowledge about the target future data.

Learning object-to-class kernels for scene classification.

High-level image representations have drawn increasing attention in visual recognition, e.g., scene classification, since the invention of the object bank.

Genomic evidence of homologous recombination in spring viremia of carp virus: a negatively single stranded RNA virus.

A new strain of spring viraemia of carp virus, denominated SVCV-265, was isolated from an ornamental common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Shanghai, China, 2013. The isolate could produce obvious cytopathic effects on EPC cells, while was shown to be of low virulence for juvenile koi. Complete genome sequencing revealed the genome of the SVCV-265 strain is 11,029 nucleotides in length and phylogenetic analysis showed the isolate was clustered within Asia clade but was divergent from Chinese A1, A2 and BJ0505-2 strains.

Planar microdevices for enhanced in vivo retention and oral bioavailability of poorly permeable drugs.

The development of novel oral drug delivery platforms for administering therapeutics in a safe and effective manner through the harsh gastrointestinal environment is of great importance. Here, the use of engineered thin planar poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microdevices is tested to enhance oral bioavailability of acyclovir, a poorly permeable drug. Acyclovir is loaded into the unidirectional drug releasing microdevice reservoirs using a drug entrapping photocross-linkable hydrogel matrix.

Landscape of standing variation for tandem duplications in Drosophila yakuba and Drosophila simulans.

We have used whole genome paired-end Illumina sequence data to identify tandem duplications in 20 isofemale lines of Drosophila yakuba and 20 isofemale lines of D. simulans and performed genome wide validation with PacBio long molecule sequencing. We identify 1,415 tandem duplications that are segregating in D.

From heuristic optimization to dictionary learning: a review and comprehensive comparison of image denoising algorithms.

Image denoising is a well explored topic in the field of image processing. In the past several decades, the progress made in image denoising has benefited from the improved modeling of natural images. In this paper, we introduce a new taxonomy based on image representations for a better understanding of state-of-the-art image denoising techniques.

Computer vision for RGB-D sensors: Kinect and its applications.

Kinect sensor, high-resolution depth and visual (RGB) sensing has become available for widespread use as an off-the-shelf technology. This special issue is specifically dedicated to new algorithms and/or new applications based on the Kinect (or similar RGB-D) sensors. In total, we received over ninety submissions from more than twenty countries all around the world.

Nonlocal hierarchical dictionary learning using wavelets for image denoising.

Exploiting the sparsity within representation models for images is critical for image denoising. The best currently available denoising methods take advantage of the sparsity from image self-similarity, pre-learned, and fixed representations. Most of these methods, however, still have difficulties in tackling high noise levels or noise models other than Gaussian.

Spatio-temporal Laplacian pyramid coding for action recognition.

We present a novel descriptor, called spatio-temporal Laplacian pyramid coding (STLPC), for holistic representation of human actions. In contrast to sparse representations based on detected local interest points, STLPC regards a video sequence as a whole with spatio-temporal features directly extracted from it, which prevents the loss of information in sparse representations. Through decomposing each sequence into a set of band-pass-filtered components, the proposed pyramid model localizes features residing at different scales, and therefore is able to effectively encode the motion information of actions.

Enhanced computer vision with Microsoft Kinect sensor: a review.

With the invention of the low-cost Microsoft Kinect sensor, high-resolution depth and visual (RGB) sensing has become available for widespread use. The complementary nature of the depth and visual information provided by the Kinect sensor opens up new opportunities to solve fundamental problems in computer vision. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent Kinect-based computer vision algorithms and applications.

Water footprint assessment for wastewater treatment: method, indicator, and application.

The water footprint in terms of the sum of both direct and indirect water cost of wastewater treatment is for the first time accounted in this work. On the basis of the hybrid method as a combination of process analysis and input-output analysis, a detailed water footprint accounting procedure is provided to cover the supply chain of a wastewater treatment plant. A set of indices intending to reveal the efficiency as well as renewability of wastewater treatment systems are devised as parallels of corresponding indicators in net energy analysis for energy supply systems.

Learning discriminative key poses for action recognition.

In this paper, we present a new approach for human action recognition based on key-pose selection and representation. Poses in video frames are described by the proposed extensive pyramidal features (EPFs), which include the Gabor, Gaussian, and wavelet pyramids. These features are able to encode the orientation, intensity, and contour information and therefore provide an informative representation of human poses.

A20 restricts wnt signaling in intestinal epithelial cells and suppresses colon carcinogenesis.

Colon carcinogenesis consists of a multistep process during which a series of genetic and epigenetic adaptations occur that lead to malignant transformation. Here, we have studied the role of A20 (also known as TNFAIP3), a ubiquitin-editing enzyme that restricts NFκB and cell death signaling, in intestinal homeostasis and tumorigenesis. We have found that A20 expression is consistently reduced in human colonic adenomas than in normal colonic tissues.

Aquareovirus protein VP6 colocalizes with NS80 protein in infected and transfected cells.

Background: Aquareovirus particle is comprised of central core and outer capsid, which is built by seven structural proteins (VP1-VP7). The protein VP6 has been identified to be a clamp protein of stabilizing inner core frame VP3, and bridging outer shell protein VP5. However, the biological properties of VP6 in viral life cycle remain unknown.

[Effect of activated charcoal on rooting in tissue culture seedling of Begonia fimbristipula on Dinghushan Mountain].

Objective: To study the effect of different plant growth substance and activated charcoal on rooting in culture seedling of Begonia fimbristpula on Dinghushan mountain.

Methods: Tissue culture single factor experiment method was used.

Results: NAA 0.

Aquareovirus NS80 recruits viral proteins to its inclusions, and its C-terminal domain is the primary driving force for viral inclusion formation.

Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies formed in reovirus-infected cells are the sites of viral replication and assembly. Previous studies have suggested that the NS80 protein of aquareovirus may be involved in the formation of viral inclusion bodies. However, it remains unknown whether other viral proteins are involved in the process, and what regions of NS80 may act coordinately in mediating inclusion formation.