The cost of providing hospital-based (early) antiretroviral treatment in Indonesia: what has changed in almost a decade?

17% of all people living with HIV in Indonesia who are in need of antiretroviral treatment (ART) actually receive the treatment. The cost of ART based on three CD4 cell count groups (e.g.

Mild Alkaline Pretreatment of Rice Straw as a Feedstock in Microbial Fuel Cells for Generation of Bioelectricity.

The dependency on non-renewable fossil fuels as an energy source has drastically increased global temperatures. Their continuous use poses a great threat to the existing energy reserves. Therefore, the energy sector has taken a turn toward developing eco-friendly, sustainable energy generation by using sustainable lignocellulosic wastes, such as rice straw (RS).

Two-years antibody responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: A study protocol.

The long-term antibody response to the novel SARS-CoV-2 in infected patients and their residential neighborhood remains unknown in Indonesia. This information will provide insights into the antibody kinetics over a relatively long period as well as transmission risk factors in the community. We aim to prospectively observe and determine the kinetics of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody for 2 years after infection in relation to disease severity and to determine the risk and protective factors of SARS CoV-2 infections in the community.

Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy Coupled with Principal Component Analysis and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Assay for the Detection of Porcine and Bovine Gelatins in Dental Materials.

Muslims are prohibited from consuming products that contain pig products and their derivatives, including porcine gelatin. Medical and dental products are not exempt from the use of gelatin in their formulation. This study employs attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) to detect and distinguish between porcine and bovine gelatins in dental materials.

Assessment of water consumption during Ramadan intermittent fasting: Result from Indonesian cross-sectional study.

During Ramadan fasting, people are likely to consume water and beverages lower than recommended intake due to the limited time. However, it is necessary to achieve the recommended daily water intake to maintain the hydration status, as well as productivity during fasting. Unfortunately, there is a lack of data on drinking patterns during Ramadan.

The preparedness of disaster among nurses in community health centers in rural areas during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malang City.

Positive COVID-19 cases in Malang City, Indonesia continue to increase. Until 04 August 2021, the COVID-19 update shows 3301 positive cases with 7754 cured and 832 deaths. This study aims to identify nurses preparedness in rural area community health centers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malang for self-control to implement health protocol.

Preparation and Cytotoxic Evaluation of PGV-1 Derivative, CCA-1.1, as a New Curcumin Analog with Improved-Physicochemical and Pharmacological Properties.

This study aimed to challenge the anticancer potency of pentagamavunone-1 (PGV- 1) and obtain a new compound (Chemoprevention-Curcumin Analog 1.1, CCA-1.1) with improved chemical and pharmacological properties.

Dietary Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Improved the ZP2 Expression in Female Swiss Mice.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of soybean (Glycine max) administration on ZP2 expression in female mice.

Methods: This research used Mus musculus, six-week-old female SWISS strain mice divided into three groups (group without soybean administration and groups with mixed feed with soybeans and pelleted 50:50 and 25:75). Soybean feed for mice was 360 grams per kilogram of mouse body weight for 2 weeks.

Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Dental Students' Perspective and Impact on Academic Performance, One Institution Experience.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused all universities in Malaysia to switch to online learning, including for dental education. The effect of this switch has yet to be assessed. Thus, this study aimed to assess International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) dental students’ perspectives on the implementation of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on academic performance.

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Four years evaluation of protocols 2013 and 2016 in a single center in Indonesia, a lower-middle-income country.

Background: The prognosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in Indonesia, a lower-middle-income country (LMIC), is lower than in high income countries (HICs). The Indonesian ALL2013 protocol resulted in too many toxic deaths (21%) and abandonments (11%). Therefore, we drafted an adapted protocol, ALL2016.

Seasonal heterogeneity and a link to precipitation in the release of microplastic during COVID-19 outbreak from the Greater Jakarta area to Jakarta Bay, Indonesia.

To reduce microplastic contamination in the environment, we need to better understand its sources and transit, especially from land to sea. This study examines microplastic contamination in Jakarta's nine river outlets. Microplastics were found in all sampling intervals and areas, ranging from 4.

How do elderly people with malnutrition and their families perceive collaborative practice in primary care? A phenomenological study.

As a frequent and serious problem in elderly people, malnutrition is a complex health issue. It requires comprehensive care through interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) engaging five health professionals in primary care consisting of a physician, dentist, nurse, dietitian and pharmacist. In Indonesia, the usual care involves monthly health screening in community programmes named The current study aimed to explore perceptions of elderly people with malnutrition and their families' experiences with interprofessional teams compared with usual care in primary care.

Implementation of assistance for one pregnant woman one cadre (OPOC) in Banjarnegara District, Central Java Province, Indonesia.

The high maternal mortality rate caused by late detection of risk factors for pregnant women is a major health problem in Banjarnegara District. One of the efforts made to overcome this problem is the implementation of assistance for one pregnant woman by one cadre (OPOC). The application of OPOC consists of four mentoring activities, namely reminders about antenatal care schedule, detecting risk factors, monitoring fetal movements, and carrying out delivery planning and handling complications.

Surface modification of acid-functionalized mesoporous gamma-alumina for non-fission Mo/Tc generator.

Mesoporous gamma-alumina (MGA) was synthesized for neutron-activated Mo adsorbent. Acid functionalization of the MGA was carried out to enhance the Mo adsorption capacity and the Mo breakthrough profile. The acid-treated MGA has a more positive particle charge, rougher surface, smaller particle and pore size, larger surface area, and wider pore distance.

Comorbidities and COVID-19 status influence the survival rate of geriatric patients in intensive care units: a prospective cohort study from the Indonesian Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy.

Background: With the more advanced science in the field of medicine and disease management, the population of geriatric intensive care patients is increasing. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted healthcare management around the globe, especially on critically-ill elderly patients. We aim to analyse the relationship between underlying illnesses, including COVID-19, and the survival rate of elderly patients who are treated in the intensive care setting.

Pandemic inequity in a megacity: a multilevel analysis of individual, community and healthcare vulnerability risks for COVID-19 mortality in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Introduction: Worldwide, the 33 recognised megacities comprise approximately 7% of the global population, yet account for 20% COVID-19 deaths. The specific inequities and other factors within megacities that affect vulnerability to COVID-19 mortality remain poorly defined. We assessed individual, community-level and healthcare factors associated with COVID-19-related mortality in a megacity of Jakarta, Indonesia, during two epidemic waves spanning 2 March 2020 to 31 August 2021.

Synthesis and characterization of dual-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-N-methylolacrylamide) nanogels.

This article reports the synthesis of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (P(NVCL-co-NMA)) nanogels and investigates their thermo-/pH-responsive behavior. The formation of nanogels was synthesized using free radical emulsion polymerization by varying the monomer composition of NVCL:NMA, and their molecular structure was characterized by H-NMR and FTIR. It was found that the nanogels were successfully prepared, and the nanogels exhibited LCST-type phase transition behavior.

A large cluster of human infections of in Bali, Indonesia.

A cluster of 18 inpatients and 21 outpatients with a major complaint of meningitis and a history of sharing traditional delicacies of raw pork and pig blood in a village festival led to the suspicion of meningitis in Sibang Kaja Village, Badung, Bali, Indonesia. We conducted an investigation and case finding to prevent human fatalities. Demography and laboratory examinations of the inpatients were recorded.

Clinical outcome and safety of stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Several reports on stem cell administration have emerged proving it to be an ideal therapeutic approach for improving neurological functions in ischemic stroke patients. However, some studies also show disappointing results, with some reporting no statistically significant improvements among several different parameters. Several challenges also arise relating to safety and nonscientific aspects, such as ethics.

Factors related to barriers and medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Evidence has shown that 50% of patients, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), are non-adherent to the prescribed antidiabetic medication regimen. Some barriers lead to nonadherence in people with DM type 2. The study aimed to identify factors related to adherence in patient with DM and to assess the correlation between barriers to adherence type 2 DM patients.

Coffee by-products as the source of antioxidants: a systematic review.

Solid waste from coffee depulping process threatens the organism in environment as it produces organic pollutants. Evidence suggested that coffee by-product could valorize owing to its potential as antioxidant sources. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate antioxidant activity of coffee by-products obtained from different coffee variants (arabica and robusta) and processing methods.

Diverse human and bat-like rotavirus G3 strains circulating in suburban Bangkok.

Although rotavirus vaccines are available in many parts of the world and are effective in reducing the overall incidence of rotavirus infection, it remains a major cause of diarrhea in less-developed countries. Among various rotavirus group A (RVA) strains, the increasingly common genotype G3 (defined by the VP7 gene) has been identified in both humans and animals. Our previous epidemiological surveillance in Bangkok found several unusual non-vaccine-like G3 strains in patients with diarrhea.

Dutch and Indonesian teachers on teaching medical ethics: what are the learning goals?

Previous literature has discussed the different views, the diverse goals and scope of ethics education, and the need for a more homogenous curriculum in medical ethics. Since ethics is about values, and values are partly influenced by culture, we question to what extent teachers' perceptions concerning learning goals of medical ethics curricula are similar or different in two different countries, and if differences in learning goals are acceptable or problematic. We conducted in-depth interviews with 36 medical ethics teachers, 20 from Indonesia and 16 from the Netherlands, and explored what they think are the important learning goals.

Asia-Pacific survey of physicians' perceptions and managements of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: The diagnosis and management of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) may vary between otolaryngologists and allergists. Moreover, the adherence of different practitioners to European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) 2020 guideline recommendations has not been previously ascertained in Asia-Pacific regions.

Objective: Different specialists' perceptions and managements of CRS in Asia-Pacific regions were assessed in an attempt to gauge these practices against EPOS 2020 guidelines.