Otolaryngological manifestations of cystic fibrosis in children: A systematic review.

Purpose: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive disorder in the Caucasian population. Otolaryngological manifestations pose a significant impact on the quality of life of children with CF. The primary aim of this review is to provide a state of the art update of current literature on the otolaryngological manifestations of CF in children.

Toxoplasmal meningoencephalitis in a 14 week-old shelter cat with presumed feline infectious peritonitis.

Toxoplasmal meningoencephalitis is a sporadic condition that is often misdiagnosed antemortem, frequently resulting in euthanasia especially in resource-limited settings. Here we report a case of a 7-week-old female domestic shorthair cat from an animal shelter who presented in a compromised condition and continued to display clinical signs consistent with a "failure to thrive" kitten. Weight loss and decreased activity were observed, and later on, neurological dysfunction became apparent.

Prenatal exposure to chemotherapy increases the mutation burden in human neonatal hematopoietic stem cells.

Chemotherapy is included in the standard of care for cancer treatment during pregnancy. However, whether prenatal exposure to maternal chemotherapy treatment has a mutagenic impact on the fetal genome, remains unexplored. Therefore, we investigated mutation accumulation in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from neonates born to pregnant cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, as well as healthy pregnant women and untreated pregnant cancer patients.

Clinical validation of an individualized auto-adaptative serious game for combined cognitive and upper limb motor robotic rehabilitation after stroke.

Background: Intensive rehabilitation through challenging and individualized tasks are recommended to enhance upper limb recovery after stroke. Robot-assisted therapy (RAT) and serious games could be used to enhance functional recovery by providing simultaneous motor and cognitive rehabilitation.

Objective: The aim of this study is to clinically validate the dynamic difficulty adjustment (DDA) mechanism of ROBiGAME, a robot serious game designed for simultaneous rehabilitation of motor impairments and hemispatial neglect.

Long-term safety and efficacy of ritlecitinib in adults and adolescents with alopecia areata and at least 25% scalp hair loss: Results from the ALLEGRO-LT phase 3, open-label study.

Background: ALLEGRO-LT is an ongoing, long-term, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 study of ritlecitinib in adults and adolescents with alopecia areata (AA).

Objectives: To evaluate ritlecitinib safety and efficacy through Month 24 in patients with AA and ≥25% scalp hair loss.

Methods: ALLEGRO-LT enrolled rollover patients who previously received study intervention in either ALLEGRO phase 2a or 2b/3 studies and de novo patients who had not received treatment in either study.

Enhancing Biomechanical Simulations Based on a Posteriori Error Estimates: The Potential of Dual-Weighted Residual-Driven Adaptive Mesh Refinement.

The finite-element method (FEM) is a well-established procedure for computing approximate solutions to deterministic engineering problems described by partial differential equations. FEM produces discrete approximations of the solution with a discretisation error that can be quantified with a posteriori error estimates. The practical relevance of error estimates for biomechanics problems, especially for soft tissue where the response is governed by large strains, is rarely addressed.

[The place of invasive approaches to the treatment of low back pain].

The prevalence of chronic low back pain is high and rising. Chronic low back pain is «non-specific» in approximately 90 % of cases. In addition to age, risk factors include smoking, obesity, physical and psychological stress, as well as demographic factors.

Population exposure-response analysis of the effect of ritlecitinib on eyebrow assessment and eyelash assessment in patients with alopecia areata.

Ritlecitinib is an orally bioavailable, small molecule that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a once-daily oral treatment option for people 12 years of age and older with severe alopecia areata.

Exploring the influence of perineal biometrics and stiffness measured by elastography during pregnancy on perineal tears : A pilot study.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the biometrics and elasticity of the perineal body and the anal sphincter in the ninth month of pregnancy and explore their association with the risk of perineal tears during childbirth.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, pregnant women at 36-40 weeks of gestation were included. Using transperineal 2D-mode ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE), we measured the biometrics and stiffness of the perineal body (PB), external anal sphincter (EAS), internal anal sphincter (IAS), and anal mucosa (AM) at rest and during Valsalva maneuvers.

Sensitivity of driving simulation to sleep deprivation: effect of task duration.

Study Objectives: The Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) is widely recognized as the gold standard for measuring vigilance, providing a rapid and objective measure of this state. While driving simulations are also used, they typically require longer administration times. This study examines the sensitivity of driving simulation variables to sleep deprivation throughout the task.

Using a Group Stimulus Preference Assessment to Design an Effective Group Contingency.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to extend the limited research on group stimulus preference assessment (SPA) procedures. The study occurred in two sections of a middle school special education classroom and included 20 students with multi-categorical disabilities. A paired stimulus group SPA was used to identify a preference hierarchy for each class, and results were validated using single case designs in which baseline conditions were compared to group contingency conditions with alternating sessions of the highest-preferred (high-p) and lowest-preferred (low-p) consequences.

Perineal deformation during forceps, vacuum and OdonAssist™ assisted vaginal deliveries: A simulation study based on advanced image processing.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse influence of the fetal head position and the type of instrument used (forceps, vacuum, OdonAssist™) on perineal deformation, during simulated vaginal deliveries monitored by stereophotogrammetry.

Methods: An exploratory study was conducted using mannequins simulating vaginal births. Fifty simulated deliveries were performed with different fetal head positions and instruments: Pajot's forceps, Kiwi-vacuum, and OdonAssist™.

Sex-dependent gastrointestinal colonization resistance to MRSA is microbiota and Th17 dependent.

Gastrointestinal (GI) colonization by methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is associated with a high risk of transmission and invasive disease in vulnerable populations. The immune and microbial factors that permit GI colonization remain unknown. Male sex is correlated with enhanced nasal carriage, skin and soft tissue infections, and bacterial sepsis.

Pulmonary Consequences of Surgical Treatment in Children's Primary Lung Tumors: A National Retrospective Study.

Background And Aims: Primary lung tumors (PLTs) in children are rare, and surgery remains the key to ensure remission. Here we describe the PLTs clinical characteristics, their management, and the pulmonary outcome following surgery.

Methods: We carried out a French national cohort of pediatric PLTs from 2013 to 2023 from the FRACTURE rare pediatric tumors national database.

Substantia nigra degeneration in spinocerebellar ataxia 2 and 7 using neuromelanin-sensitive imaging.

Objective: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are neurodegenerative diseases with widespread lesions across the central nervous system. Ataxia and spasticity are usually predominant, but patients may also present with parkinsonism. We aimed to characterize substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) degeneration in SCA2 and 7 using neuromelanin-sensitive imaging.

Cost of Carbon in the Total Cost of a Healthcare Procedure: Example of Micro-Costing Study in a French Setting.

Background: Economic evaluation aims to compare the costs and results of health strategies to inform public decision making. Although sometimes suggested, until now no national evaluation agency has recommended formally incorporating the cost of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated by health interventions into the estimation of healthcare costs.

Objective: The objective of this study was to test and discuss the feasibility of estimating and including the contribution of GHG emissions cost to the total cost of a surgical intervention, with the example of robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RTA), using a micro-costing approach.

Pathology Findings and In-Life Correlates in the Nonclinical Development of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV)-Based Retinal Gene Therapies.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based vectors are the most frequently used platform for retinal gene therapy. Initially explored for the treatment of loss-of-function mutations underpinning many inherited retinal diseases, AAV-based ocular gene therapies are increasingly used to transduce endogenous cells to produce therapeutic proteins, thus producing site-specific biofactories. Relatively invasive ocular routes of administration (ROA) mean prominent procedure-related in-life, and histopathological findings may be observed with some regularity.

Facilitators and Barriers to Values Discussions Following LVAD Implantation: Perspectives from Diverse Patients and Family Caregivers.

Background: Delivering care that is responsive to who or what is most important to patients and family caregivers is a key aspect of quality care, yet it remains unclear how clinicians can best support individuals in expressing their personal values. We aimed to describe patient- and family caregiver-identified facilitators and barriers to engaging in values discussions with clinicians following implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD).

Methods And Results: Using a qualitative descriptive approach, patients with an LVAD and their caregivers participated in 1-on-1 semistructured interviews and self-reported sociodemographics (January 2023-July 2023).

ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS IN NEW YORK WILDLIFE: DISTRIBUTION AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF AN EMERGING PATHOGEN.

Echinococcus is a genus of cestode parasites of paramount veterinary and medical importance globally. Two species, Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Echinococcus multilocularis, are endemic to North America and are the etiologic agents of cystic echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis, respectively. North America is currently experiencing an epidemiological shift in the state of transmission, distribution, and prevalence of E.

Precision medicine in type 1 diabetes: comparing metabolic outcomes of Control-IQ and MiniMed 780G according to patient characteristics.

Aims: This study aimed to compare 12-month metabolic outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated with either MiniMed 780G (Guardian 4) or Control-IQ (Dexcom G6) automated insulin delivery (AID) systems and identify interaction with patient characteristics.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a single-centre, retrospective study including all patients (aged ≥16) with T1D who were started on either MiniMed 780G or Control-IQ between January 2021 and October 2022 and continued for ≥12 months. We used propensity score matching to compare the average marginal effects between MiniMed 780G and Control-IQ regarding the primary outcome (time in range [TIR]) and secondary outcomes (time below range [TBR], glucose monitoring indicator [GMI] and coefficient of variation [CV]) after 12 months.

Shear wave elastography in the assessment of gastrocnemius spastic muscle elasticity: influences of ankle position and muscle contraction.

Background: Following upper motor neuron syndromes (UMNS), intrinsic viscoelastic muscle properties such as elastic stiffness may be altered, which leads to muscle hyper-resistance to passive mobilization. So far, no gold standard assessment of hyper-resistance, whether clinical or instrumental, is available. Shear wave elastography (SWE) has been increasingly used for non-invasive evaluation of elastic stiffness of skeletal muscles in people with hyper-resistance.

Using 3D immersive virtual reality interactive tasks for upper limb rehabilitation in children with cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the virtual reality device on the evolution of motivation, and motor, functional and kinematic parameters of the upper limb in children with cerebral palsy. Twenty children were randomly assigned in VR and control groups. VR group scored higher than the control group in the Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition (MABC-2; standardized motor skills test), exhibited an increased range of motion, and showed improved results in various movement parameters in the interaction with the 3D virtual space.

Associations between prenatal exposure to PFAS and cardiometabolic health in preadolescents.

Introduction: While a number of studies have examined the effects of prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on childhood obesity, the results reported have been inconsistent and few studies have integrated biological markers. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between prenatal exposure to PFAS and cardiometabolic health parameters at age 12, taking pubertal stage into consideration.

Method: This study included 394 mother-child pairs enrolled in the PELAGIE mother-child cohort (France).