First report of Nigrospora sphaerica associated with leaf spot disease of Crossandra infundibuliformis in India.

Crossandra (Crossandra infundubuliformis (L.) Nees.) is one of the main floriculture crops in Karnataka.

Highly economic and waste valorization strategy for multicomponent and Knoevenagel reactions using water extract of tamarind seed ash.

The application of solid organic waste-originated products in the preparation of synthetically and biologically significant compounds in aqueous media or pure water is a highly desired task in chemical synthesis that shows an effective solution to the circular economy and sustainable environment. In this article, we describe our research on the development of highly economic and sustainable protocols for the synthesis of biologically important oxygen-heterocycles (using a multicomponent reaction) and synthetically important olefins (via the Knoevenagel condensation reaction) using water extract of tamarind seed ash (WETS) as catalyst and aqueous reaction medium. The reactions are carried out at room temperature (RT) under toxic/problematic/volatile organic solvent-free conditions.

Multiparent-Derived, Marker-Assisted Introgression Lines of the Elite Indian Rice Cultivar, 'Krishna Hamsa' Show Resistance against Bacterial Blight and Blast and Tolerance to Drought.

Major biotic stresses viz., bacterial blight (BB) and blast and brown plant hopper (BPH) coupled with abiotic stresses like drought stress, significantly affect rice yields. To address this, marker-assisted intercross (IC) breeding involving multiple donors was used to combine three BB resistance genes- and , two blast resistance genes- and , two BPH resistance genes- and , and four drought tolerant quantitative trait loci (QTL)- and -in the genetic background of the elite Indian rice cultivar 'Krishna Hamsa'.

First report of Athelia rolfsii (=Sclerotium rolfsii) causing foot rot disease of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) in India.

Salvia hispanica L. (Lamiaceae) commonly called 'chia' is an important food crop that has gained significance in recent times globally due to its nutritive value. During a field survey (Mysore district, Karnataka, October, 2021), chia fields were found associated with a characteristic foot rot disease.

Fungal diversity notes 1512-1610: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa.

This article is the 14th in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein we report 98 taxa distributed in two phyla, seven classes, 26 orders and 50 families which are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were collected from Australia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Cyprus, Egypt, France, French Guiana, India, Indonesia, Italy, Laos, Mexico, Russia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. There are 59 new taxa, 39 new hosts and new geographical distributions with one new combination.

Plant-Mediated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Advances in the New Millennium towards Understanding Their Therapeutic Role in Biomedical Applications.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles have become one of the most popular metal oxide nanoparticles and recently emerged as a promising potential candidate in the fields of optical, electrical, food packaging, and biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, low toxicity, and low cost. They have a role in cell apoptosis, as they trigger excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and release zinc ions (Zn) that induce cell death. The zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized using the plant extracts appear to be simple, safer, sustainable, and more environmentally friendly compared to the physical and chemical routes.

In vitro and in silico approach for characterization of antimicrobial peptides from potential probiotic cultures against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

The focus of the present study was to characterize antimicrobial peptide produced by potential probiotic cultures of Enterococcus durans DB-1aa (MCC4243), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Cu2-PM7 (MCC4246) and Limosilactobacillus fermentum Cu3-PM8 (MCC4233) against Staphylococus aureus MTCC 96 and Escherichia coli MTCC118. The growth kinetic assay revealed 24 h of incubation to be optimum for bacteriocin production. The partially purified compound of all the three selected cultures after ion-exchange chromatography was found to be thermoresistant and stable under a wide range of pH.

Porphyrin -Pincer Pd(II)-Complexes in Water: A Base-Free and Nature-Inspired Protocol for the Oxidative Self-Coupling of Potassium Aryltrifluoroborates in Open-Air.

Metalloporphyrins (and porphyrins) are well known as pigments of life in nature, since representatives of this group include chlorophylls (Mg-porphyrins) and heme (Fe-porphyrins). Hence, the construction of chemistry based on these substances can be based on the imitation of biological systems. Inspired by nature, in this article we present the preparation of five different porphyrin, -tetraphenylporphyrin (), -tetra(-anisyl)porphyrin (), tetrasodium -tetra(-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (), -tetra(-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (), and -tetra(-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin () as well as their -pincer Pd(II)-complexes such as Pd(II)--tetraphenylporphyrin (), Pd(II)--tetra(-anisyl)porphyrin (), Pd(II)-tetrasodium -tetra(-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (), Pd(II)--tetra(-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (), and Pd(II)--tetra(-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin ().

Bioprospecting of Rhizosphere-Resident Fungi: Their Role and Importance in Sustainable Agriculture.

Rhizosphere-resident fungi that are helpful to plants are generally termed as 'plant growth promoting fungi' (PGPF). These fungi are one of the chief sources of the biotic inducers known to give their host plants numerous advantages, and they play a vital role in sustainable agriculture. Today's biggest challenge is to satisfy the rising demand for crop protection and crop yield without harming the natural ecosystem.

Identification and in vitro evaluation of probiotic attributes of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented food sources.

Consumer's vigilance towards health-promoting foods beyond only taste and nutrition has increased the recognition for probiotic products. In the present study, various parameters have been studied to define the probiotic properties of cultures isolated from different fermented products. Around 118 samples were selectively screened for antimicrobial compound (AMC) producing isolates by overlay-plate assay using Micrococcus luteus ATCC9341.

Marker Assisted Forward Breeding to Combine Multiple Biotic-Abiotic Stress Resistance/Tolerance in Rice.

Background: Unfavorable climatic changes have led to an increased threat of several biotic and abiotic stresses over the past few years. Looking at the massive damage caused by these stresses, we undertook a study to develop high yielding climate-resilient rice, using genes conferring resistance against blast (Pi9), bacterial leaf blight (BLB) (Xa4, xa5, xa13, Xa21), brown planthopper (BPH) (Bph3, Bph17), gall midge (GM) (Gm4, Gm8) and QTLs for drought tolerance (qDTY and qDTY) through marker-assisted forward breeding (MAFB) approach.

Result: Seven introgression lines (ILs) possessing a combination of seven to ten genes/QTLs for different biotic and abiotic stresses have been developed using marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding method in the background of Swarna with drought QTLs.

A new collar rot disease of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) caused by Aplosporella hesperidica in India.

Cowpea is an important pulse crop cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. During field survey, a characteristic wilt was observed in around 45 ha of cowpea fields with incidence 17-25%. Infection was seen in pre-flowering stage and infected plants showed quick wilt symptoms with tan lesions near the stem-soil interface.

Carbon Neutral Electricity Production from Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Leachate Using Algal-Assisted Microbial Fuel Cell.

We demonstrate the feasibility of algal lipid production and bioelectricity generation with concurrent treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) leachate in a double-chamber algal-assisted microbial fuel cell (AAMFC). The cathode chamber was loaded with Synechococcus sp. and MSW leachate whereas anode chamber was loaded with anaerobic microflora.

WEPA: a bio-derived medium for added base, π-acid and ligand free Ullmann coupling of aryl halides using Pd(OAc).

A bio-derived sustainable medium based on water extract of pomegranate ash (WEPA) has, for the first time, been developed for the homocoupling of aryl halides under palladium-assistance. Avoiding the requirement of an external base, ligand and π-acid, the use of the proposed renewable medium offers remarkable attributes like wide substrate scope, good to nearly quantitative yields of biphenyls with exceptional chemoselectivity and scale up viability.

Gilbert's syndrome in healthy blood donors what next??

Settings: This study was done in a tertiary care hospital having bed strength of more than 700 beds at SDM Medical College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, located in Northern Karnataka.

Aim: The study was done to ascertain prevalence of Gilbert's syndrome in healthy blood donors and review the literature about feasibility of utilizing blood components from Gilbert's syndrome donors.

Materials And Methods: The study was done for 18 months and 7030 whole blood units were collected and all the units were subjected to mandatory transfusion-transmitted screening and all the plasma bags which were icteric on visual inspection were subjected to hematological and biochemical investigations to rule out other causes of hyperbilirubinemia.

Antidiabetic and antioxidant potency evaluation of different fractions obtained from Cucumis prophetarum fruit.

Context: Cucumis prophetarum Linn. (Cucurbitaceae) fruit is used for inflammatory-related problems and is proved to be possessing anticancer and hepatoprotective effects.

Objective: The present investigation was to study the effect of different fractions of C.

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of N-Trisaccharide in different experimental rats.

Objectives: To investigate the hepatoprotective, antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effect of N-Trisaccharide isolated from Cucumis prophetarum (L.) on different experimental rats.

Methods: N-Trisaccharide (25 and 50 mg/kg.

Anti-diabetic effect of a novel N-Trisaccharide isolated from Cucumis prophetarum on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cucumis prophetarum (L.) is used in traditional Indian medicine for the treatment of inflammation related problems.

Aim Of The Study: The present investigation was designed to study the effect of N-Trisaccharide (a new compound isolated from the fruit of C.

Partographic analysis of spontaneous labour at term in primigravida.

Purpose Of The Study: To study the use of partogram in the analysis of spontaneous labour at term in primigravida with cephalic presentation.

Methodology: Partographic analysis of labour was done in 200 primigravidae. Partographic variables are plotted, and the study population was divided into three groups.

Highly efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of banana cv. Rasthali (AAB) via sonication and vacuum infiltration.

A reproducible and efficient transformation method was developed for the banana cv. Rasthali (AAB) via Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of suckers. Three-month-old banana suckers were used as explant and three Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains (EHA105, EHA101, and LBA4404) harboring the binary vector pCAMBIA1301 were used in the co-cultivation.