Potential modulating effects of regel ethanol extract on rumen fermentation and biohydrogenation bacteria of dairy cows .

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential modulating effects of regel ethanol extract (AME) on rumen fermentation and biohydrogenation (BH) bacteria . Four Holstein cows were used as donors for the rumen fluid used in this study. In experiment 1, five treatments (supplemented with 0 mg/g, 1 mg/g, 2 mg/g, 3 mg/g, and 4 mg/g of AME based on fermentation substrate, respectively) were conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of AME on fermentation status .

Effects of adding to high concentrate diet on rumen fermentation parameters and microbial diversity of sheep.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different doses of Sophora alopecuroides (SA) on the rumen fermentation and microbial diversity of sheep.

Methods: A total of 32 healthy Dumont crossbred male lambs weighing 25.73 ± 2.

Effects of Regel ethanol extract on three flavor-related rumen branched-chain fatty acids, rumen fermentation and rumen bacteria in lambs.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Regel ethanol extract (AME) on the concentration of three branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) related to flavor, fermentation parameters and the bacteria and their correlations in the rumen of lambs. A total of thirty 3-month-old male, Small-tailed Han sheep (33.60 ± 1.

Transcriptome analysis reveals candidate genes of the synthesis of branched-chain fatty acids related to mutton flavor in the lamb liver using Allium mongolicum Regel extract.

The objective of this study was to identify candidate genes via which Allium mongolicum Regel ethanol extract (AME) affects the synthesis of branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) related to mutton flavor by transcriptome analysis in the lamb liver. Thirty male Small-tailed Han sheep (3 mo old; 33.6 ± 1.

Tissue-specific regulatory mechanism of LncRNAs and methylation in sheep adipose and muscle induced by Allium mongolicum Regel extracts.

Allium mongolicum Regel (A. mongolicum) is a perennial and xerophytic Liliaceous allium plant in high altitude desert steppe and desert areas. Feeding A.

Effects of isonitrogenous and isocaloric total mixed ration composed of forages with different quality on milk fatty acid composition and gene expression of mammary lipogenic enzymes in mid-lactating dairy cows.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing different qualities of forages and concentrate content on milk fat composition and genes that encode mammary lipogenic enzymes in dairy cows. A total of 20 Holstein cows were assigned to 1 of 2 treatment diets composed of either mixed forages (MF, starch : 21.50%) or corn stover forage (CS, starch : 25.

Combined effects of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids on lactation performance and the milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.

The potential combined effects of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids supplementation on lactation performance and the milk fatty acid (FA) profile in dairy cows have not been well investigated. Our objective was to examine the effects of supplementation with a combination of these FA as well as the effects of removing each from the combination on lactation performance and the milk FA profile in dairy cows. Eight Holstein cows (101±11 days in milk) received four intravenously infused treatments in a 4×4 Latin square design, and each period lasted for 12 days which consisted of 5 days of infusion and 7 days of recovery.

Effects of infusing milk precursors into the artery on rumen fermentation in lactating cows.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of infusing milk precursors into the external pudic artery on rumen fermentation in lactating dairy cows. Eight multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned to Group A (experimental group) and Group B (control group) with 4 cows each. A 2 × 4 complex factor crossover design was used.

Effects of different model diets on milk composition and expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis in the mammary gland of lactating dairy goats.

This study examined the effects of different roughage diets on milk composition and the expression of key genes associated with fatty acid (FA) synthesis in the mammary gland of lactating dairy goats. Eight multiparous lactating goats (body weight=43.6±2.

Feeding a high-concentrate corn straw diet induced epigenetic alterations in the mammary tissue of dairy cows.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding a high-concentrate corn straw (HCS) diet (65% concentrate+35% corn straw) on the epigenetic changes in the mammary tissue of dairy cows in comparison with a low-concentrate corn straw (LCS) diet (46% concentrate+54% corn straw) and with a low-concentrate mixed forage (LMF) diet (46% concentrate+54% mixed forage).

Experimental Design: Multiparous mid-lactation Chinese Holstein cows were fed one of these three diets for 6 weeks, at which time blood samples and mammary tissue samples were collected. Mammary arterial and venous blood samples were analyzed for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentrations while mammary tissue samples were assayed for histone H3 acetylation and the methylation of specific genes associated with fat and protein synthesis.

Duodenal infusion of α-linolenic acid affects fatty acid metabolism in the mammary gland of lactating dairy cows.

Increasing the concentration of α-linolenic acid (LNA; 18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15) in blood might affect fatty acid (FA) metabolism in the mammary gland of dairy cows. The objective was to determine the effects of different arterial concentrations of 18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 (18:3n-3) achieved via duodenal infusions with LNA on mammary uptake [assessed via arterial-rectificative venous concentration (AC-RVC) differences], synthesis of FA, and mammary gland FA balance in lactating dairy cows. Four primiparous lactating Chinese Holstein cows fitted with duodenal cannulas were administered 2 treatments in a crossover design: LNA-rich FA infusion at varying concentrations (0, 100, 200, and 300 g/d) versus basal infusate control.

Effects of different doses of free alpha-linolenic acid infused to the duodenum on the immune function of lactating dairy cows.

This study investigated the effect of a duodenal infusion of a C18:3 free fatty acid on the immune function of lactating dairy cows. Four primiparous Chinese Holstein cows fitted with duodenal cannulas received 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 g/d of alpha-linolenic acid (LNA) in a two-treatment crossover design. Blood was collected and serum IgA, IgG, IgM, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and Th1/Th2 cytokines were determined.

Short communication: responses to increasing amounts of free alpha-linolenic acid infused into the duodenum of lactating dairy cows.

Increasing the alpha-linolenic acid (LNA; 18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15) content of milk fat might help promote consumers' health. The objective of this study was to determine the potential to alter the content of LNA in milk by duodenal infusion of a free fatty acid mixture rich in LNA. Four multiparous lactating Chinese Holstein cows fitted with duodenal cannulas were administered 2 treatments in a crossover design: an LNA-rich fatty acid infusion at varying concentrations (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 g/d) versus a basal infusate control.

Influence of linolenic acid content on the oxidation of milk fat.

Increasing the content of alpha-linolenic acid in milk fat might be desirable to meet consumer concerns about dietary healthfulness. However, the rich content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) will influence the oxidative stability of milk fat. This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of infusion with different amounts of high-linolenic perilla fatty acid (HLPFA) emulsion into the duodenum of dairy cows on milk fatty acid profile and the susceptibility of milk fat to oxidation.