Microbial disintegration of wool: An effective and sustainable approach for keratin extraction.

Keratin is an important biopolymer used to develop biomaterials for biomedical and industrial applications. Traditional keratin extraction methods involve the removal of surface lipids using organic solvents, detergents, and energy-intensive processes that often compromise the purity of the extracted keratin. In the present study, wool fibers were microbially disintegrated to isolate cortical cells, achieving a maximum yield of 61.

Physicochemical properties and antioxidant potential of honey from Cameroon agroecological zones.

Cellular respiration produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to oxidative stress and significant health issues, including chronic diseases and cancer. Antioxidants play a critical role in neutralizing ROS. This study investigates the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of honey sourced from five distinct agroecological zones in Cameroon.

Microbially induced carbonate precipitation with Arthrobacter creatinolyticus: An eco-friendly strategy for mitigation of chromium contamination.

Chromium contamination from abandoned industrial sites and inadequately managed waste disposal areas poses substantial environmental threat. Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) has shown promising, eco-friendly solution to remediate Cr(VI) and divalent heavy metals. In this study, MICP was carried out for chromium immobilization by an ureolytic bacterium Arthrobacter creatinolyticus which is capable of reducing Cr(VI) to less toxic Cr(III) via extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production.

Automated detection and recognition system for chewable food items using advanced deep learning models.

Identifying and recognizing the food on the basis of its eating sounds is a challenging task, as it plays an important role in avoiding allergic foods, providing dietary preferences to people who are restricted to a particular diet, showcasing its cultural significance, etc. In this research paper, the aim is to design a novel methodology that helps to identify food items by analyzing their eating sounds using various deep learning models. To achieve this objective, a system has been proposed that extracts meaningful features from food-eating sounds with the help of signal processing techniques and deep learning models for classifying them into their respective food classes.

Functionalization of Bacterial Cellulose and Related Surfaces Using a Facile Coupling Reaction by Thermoresponsive Catalyst.

Recently, bacterial cellulose and related materials attracted significant attention for applications such as leather-like materials, wound healing materials, etc., due to their abundance in pure form and excellent biocompatibility. Chemical modification of bacterial cellulose further helps to improve specific properties for practical utility and economic viability.

Valorization of tannery solid wastes for sustainable enzyme induced carbonate precipitation process.

Biocementation via enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) is an emerging ground improvement technique that utilizes urease for calcium carbonate precipitation. Usage of expensive laboratory grade chemicals in EICP hinders its implementation at field level applications. In this study, the feasibility of utilizing solid wastes generated from leather industry was investigated for EICP process.

Genetically encoded dihydroxyphenylalanine coupled with tyrosinase for strain promoted labeling.

Protein modifications through genetic code engineering have a remarkable impact on macromolecule engineering, protein translocation, protein-protein interaction, and cell biology. We used the newly developed molecular biology approach, genetic code engineering, for fine-tuning of proteins for biological availability. Here, we have introduced 3, 4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine in recombinant proteins by selective pressure incorporation method for protein-based cell labeling applications.

Changes in peripheral blood in SARS CoV-2 patients and its clinico-pathological correlation: A prospective cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV2 can present from mild flu-like symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome. There is multi-organ involvement; particularly, hematopoietic system can be associated with morphological changes in blood cells of COVID-19 patients.

Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study on a cohort of 50 COVID-19 patients, confirmed on RT-PCR with documented cycle threshold (Ct) value.

A deep dive into the darning effects of biomaterials in infarct myocardium: current advances and future perspectives.

Myocardial infarction (MI) occurs due to the obstruction of coronary arteries, a major crux that restricts blood flow and thereby oxygen to the distal part of the myocardium, leading to loss of cardiomyocytes and eventually, if left untreated, leads to heart failure. MI, a potent cardiovascular disorder, requires intense therapeutic interventions and thereby presents towering challenges. Despite the concerted efforts, the treatment strategies for MI are still demanding, which has paved the way for the genesis of biomaterial applications.

Total Polyphenol and Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Some Varieties of Peels Consumed in Cameroon.

Fruit peels are increasingly being used as functional foods nowadays. Peelings of twelve varieties of fruits consumed in Cameroon were investigated for their phenolic compounds (polyphenols and flavonoids) using three solvents systems, water, ethanol: water (50 : 50 /), and ethanol, and antioxidant activity using total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging methods. Total polyphenol, flavonoids, and antioxidant potential of the peels significantly varied with variety and also with the extraction solvents in the order ethanol > ethanol: water > water.

Self-Assembly and Mechanical Properties of Engineered Protein Based Multifunctional Nanofiber for Accelerated Wound Healing.

The present work reports a new route for preparing tunable multifunctional biomaterials through the combination of synthetic biology and material chemistry. Genetically encoded catechol moiety is evolved in a nanofiber mat with defined surface and secondary reactive functional chemistry, which promotes self-assembly and wet adhesion property of the protein. The catechol moiety is further exploited for the controlled release of boric acid that provides a congenial cellular microenvironment for accelerated wound healing.

HCG trigger versus GnRH agonist trigger in PCOS patients undergoing IVF cycles: frozen embryo transfer outcomes.

Objective: The use of Gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa), with freeze-all strategy followed by frozen embryo transfer (FET) has been found to eliminate the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) undergoing IVF cycles. However, physicians still hesitate to routinely use GnRHa as a trigger, replacing human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), for concerns of compromised cycle outcome. We aimed to evaluate outcomes following the transfer of embryos in FET cycles obtained from GnRHa trigger in comparison with hCG trigger in PCOS patients of Asian origin.

Esterification of Polymeric Carbohydrate Through Congener Cutinase-Like Biocatalyst.

Cutinase-like enzymes (CLEs) are bi-functional hydrolases, which share the conserved catalytic site of lipase and consensus pentapeptide sequence of cutinase. Here, we have genetically replaced the canonical amino acids (CAA) by their non-canonical fluorinated surrogates to biosynthesize a novel class of congener biocatalyst for esterification of polymeric carbohydrate with long-chain fatty acid. It is a new enzyme-engineering approach used to manipulate industrially relevant biocatalyst through genetic incorporation of new functionally encoded non-canonical amino acids (NCAA).

Assessment of core capacities for antimicrobial stewardship practices in indian hospitals: Report from a multicentric initiative of global health security agenda.

Introduction: Antimicrobial-resistant HAI (Healthcare associated infection) are a global challenge due to their impact on patient outcome. Implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programmes (AMSP) is needed at institutional and national levels. Assessment of core capacities for AMSP is an important starting point to initiate nationwide AMSP.

A facile method for high level dual expression of recombinant and congener protein in a single expression system.

Protein engineering is an emerging field for developing novel therapeutic proteins and commercial enzymes, along with a major impact on the global market. In recent decades, advanced methods employing protein modification through expansion of the genetic code have led to the development of proteins with new biochemical and physical properties. These techniques have produced engineered proteins with improved attribute comprising substrate relaxation, protein drug conjugation and high stability under extreme conditions of high temperatures, pH and organic solvents.

Carbaryl as a Carbon and Nitrogen Source: an Inducible Methylamine Metabolic Pathway at the Biochemical and Molecular Levels in sp. Strain C5pp.

Carbaryl is the most widely used carbamate family pesticide, and its persistent nature causes it to pollute both soil and water ecosystems. Microbes maintain the Earth's biogeochemical cycles by metabolizing various compounds present in the matter, including xenobiotics, as a sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. Soil isolate sp.

Empty Follicle Syndrome Following GnRHa Trigger in PCOS Patients Undergoing IVF Cycles.

Background: The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence and the underlying mechanisms of empty follicle syndrome (EFS) occurring in gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) triggered in fertilization (IVF) cycles with GnRH antagonist protocol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) of Indian origin. The study also intended to evaluate the cycle outcome following a rescue trigger.

Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of data was extracted from the hospital database of 271 PCOS patients who underwent IVF in antagonist protocol triggered with GnRHa from August 2014 to December 2016.

Repeat Dose of Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Agonist Trigger in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Undergoing Fertilization Cycles Provides a Better Cycle Outcome - A proof-of-concept Study.

Objective: Is a single dose of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) trigger to induce final oocyte maturation in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) undergoing fertilization (IVF) cycles with GnRH antagonist protocol sufficient to provide optimal oocyte maturity?

Design: This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, proof-of-concept study.

Setting: This study was carried out at a tertiary care center.

Material And Methods: A total of 125 patients diagnosed with PCOS defined as per the ESHRE/ASRM Rotterdam criteria (2003) undergoing IVF in antagonist protocol were randomized into two groups.

Identification of nonserotypeable spp. using genome sequencing: a step forward.

Aim: Sequencing technology has replaced conventional methods in identifying and characterizing bacterial pathogens. We characterized 23 nonserotypeable that biochemically resembled spp. using whole genome sequencing.

Alkaline Protease Production from Brevibacterium luteolum (MTCC 5982) Under Solid-State Fermentation and Its Application for Sulfide-Free Unhairing of Cowhides.

Enzyme-based unhairing in replacement of conventional lime sulfide system has been attempted as an alternative for tackling pollution. The exorbitant cost of enzyme and the need for stringent process control need to be addressed yet. This study developed a mechanism for regulated release of protease from cheaper agro-wastes, which overcomes the necessity for stringent process control along with total cost reduction.

Validation of artificial neural network models for predicting biochemical markers associated with male infertility.

Unlabelled: Seminal fluid is the secretion from many glands comprised of several organic and inorganic compounds including free amino acids, proteins, fructose, glucosidase, zinc, and other scavenging elements like Mg(2+), Ca(2+), K(+), and Na(+). Therefore, in the view of development of novel approaches and proper diagnosis to male infertility, overall understanding of the biochemical and molecular composition and its role in regulation of sperm quality is highly desirable. Perhaps this can be achieved through artificial intelligence.