The association between inflammatory bowel disease and risk of prostate cancer: a population-based retrospective study based on Korean National Health Insurance Service database.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with the risk of developing prostate cancer (PCa) through a population-based study.

Materials And Methods: Male patients aged ≥40 years, diagnosed with IBD from 2010 to 2013 and without IBD were identified and followed-up till 2019. A matched cohort of male patients with and without IBD in a ratio of 1:4 was created based on age, income level, and Charlson comorbidity index.

Influence of dietary protein and fiber intake interactions on the human gut microbiota composition and function: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Quantity and source of dietary protein intakes impact the gut microbiota differently. However, these effects have not been systematically studied. This review aimed to investigate these effects whilst controlling for fiber intake.

Unveiling Risk Factors for Treatment Failure in Patients with Graves' Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea.

Background: Antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment is the preferred initial treatment for Graves' disease (GD) in South Korea, despite higher treatment failure rates than radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy or thyroidectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of treatment failure associated with the primary modalities for GD treatment in real-world practice.

Methods: We included 452,001 patients diagnosed with GD between 2004 and 2020 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Information Database.

Respiratory Protective Effects of Perilla Leave Varieties () Against Fine Particulate Matter (PM)-induced Damage in Human Nasal Cells.

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is known to exacerbate chronic respiratory disorders, primarily by inducing inflammatory responses and mucus overproduction. Perilla leaves are reported to have significant health benefits, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiallergic properties, attributed to phenolic compounds that vary depending on genetic diversity.

Genomic ascertainment to quantify prevalence and cancer risk in adults with pathogenic and likely pathogenic germline variants in RASopathy genes.

Purpose: Genomic ascertainment of electronic health record-linked exome data in two large biobanks was used to quantify germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variant prevalence, cancer prevalence, and survival in adults with non- RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase genes (RASopathies).

Patients And Methods: Germline RASopathy variants were examined from adult participants in UK Biobank (UKBB; n=469,802), Geisinger MyCode (n=167,050) and Mount Sinai Bio (n=30,470). Variants were classified as per American College of Medical Genetics/Association for Molecular Pathology criteria and reviewed by a RASopathy variant expert.

Hybridization and diversity of the genus Vandenboschia in Korea insights from morphological, cytological, and genotype analyses.

The genus Vandenboschia exhibits significant diversity, driven by complex hybridization events and varying ploidy levels in the natural habitats of Korea, leads to misidentifications that obscure its true distribution and classification. To address this issue, the present study employed morphological, cytological, and genotype analyses to clarify the taxonomical circumscription and distribution patterns of the Vandenboschia radicans complex in Korea. The V.

Identification and validation of soft tissue sarcoma-specific transcriptomic model for predicting radioresistance.

Purpose: We aimed to identify the transcriptomic signatures of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) related to radioresistance and establish a model to predict radioresistance.

Materials And Methods: Nine STS cell lines were cultured. Adenosine triphosphate-based viability was determined 5 days after irradiation with 8 Gy of X-rays in a single fraction.

The PTTG1/VASP axis promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma metastasis by modulating focal adhesion and actin filaments.

The dynamics of focal adhesions (FAs) are essential physiological processes involved in cell spreading, metastasis, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. FAs are complex structures comprising proteins, such as paxillin and zyxin, which interact with extracellular membranes and influence cell motility and morphology. Although related studies have been reported in various cancers, the function and molecular mechanisms of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unknown.

Value of the combination of intraepithelial tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density and the heterogeneity of density as a prognostic marker in stage III colorectal cancers.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density is both a prognostic and a predictive factor in colorectal cancer (CRC). Whether the heterogeneity of TIL density across the tumor plays an important role in the clinical outcome of CRC is not well known. Adjuvant chemotherapy-treated patients with stage III CRC were analyzed for survival according to TIL density and density heterogeneity, which were determined on CD8-immunostained slides using a machine learning method and by calculating the Simpson evenness index, respectively.

Protocol for a single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial to investigate the feasibility and safety of in-bed self-exercises based on electromyography sensor feedback in patients with subacute stroke.

Background: The dosage and intensity of physical therapy are crucial factors influencing the motor recovery of the hemiplegic lower limb in patients with subacute stroke. Biofeedback using wearable sensors may provide opportunities for patients with stroke to effectively guide self-exercises with monitoring of muscular activities in hemiplegic lower limbs. This study aims to explore the feasibility and safety of in-bed self-exercises based on electromyography sensor feedback in patients with subacute stroke.

Investigating the effect of mindfulness training for stress management in military training: the relationship between the autonomic nervous system and emotional regulation.

Background: Military personnel face an increased risk of developing mental disorders owing to the stressful environments they encounter. Effective stress management strategies are crucial to mitigate this risk. Mindfulness training (MT) is promising as a stress management approach in such demanding settings.

Prevalence of Vancomycin-Variable Enterococci from the Bloodstream in the Korea Global Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance System, 2017-2022.

Vancomycin-variable enterococci (VVE), though genetically containing genes, are phenotypically sensitive to vancomycin. If VVE is undetected or does not grow on the vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) selection medium, or both, it can acquire resistance upon exposure to vancomycin. This characteristic is clinically important for the treatment and prevention of VRE.

Improving accuracy in the estimation of probable dementia in racially and ethnically diverse groups with penalized regression and transfer learning.

Algorithmic estimations of dementia status are widely used in public health and epidemiological research, however, inadequate algorithm performance across racial/ethnic groups has been a barrier. We present improvements in the accuracy of group-specific "probable dementia" estimation using a transfer learning approach. Transfer learning involves combining models trained on a large "source" dataset with imprecise outcome assessments, alongside models trained on a smaller "target" dataset with high-quality outcome assessments.

Epidemiological Characteristics of HIV-Infected Individuals by the Registration for Special Exempted Calculation: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: The Korean government is implementing policy to reduce medical costs and improve treatment related for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. The level of cost reduction and the benefits provided vary depending on how individuals with HIV utilize the system. This study aims to determine exact HIV prevalence by analyzing healthcare utilization patterns and examining differences in healthcare usage based on how individuals pay for their medical expenses.

Unsupervised Sim-to-Real Adaptation of Soft Robot Proprioception Using a Dual Cross-Modal Autoencoder.

Data-driven calibration methods have shown promising results for accurate proprioception in soft robotics. This process can be greatly benefited by adopting numerical simulation for computational efficiency. However, the gap between the simulated and real domains limits the accurate, generalized application of the approach.

3D-Printing of Freestanding Pure MXene Microarchitectures.

Since their discovery, titanium-based MXenes (TiCT) have attracted significant attention. Several studies have presented versatile, cost-effective, and scalable approaches for fabricating TiCT-based functional components. However, most previous studies only allowed the realization of 2D patterns or required diverse additives to produce 3D architectures.

Circulatory age-associated B cells: Their distinct transcriptomic characteristics and clinical significance in drug-naïve patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Age-associated B cells (ABCs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, the global gene expression and clinical significance of circulatory ABCs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain poorly understood. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing identified nine B cell subsets in peripheral blood of RA patients, including ABCs.

Return to Work and Sports After Lower Trapezius Tendon Transfer for Posterosuperior Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears.

Background: Lower trapezius tendon (LTT) transfer has demonstrated promising results for patients with posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears (PSIRCTs). However, there has been no study evaluating return to work (RTW) and return to sports (RTS) after LTT transfer.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to assess the rates of RTW and RTS and identify associated factors among patients who have undergone LTT transfer for PSIRCTs.

Effects of bladder neck sparing on continence outcomes of robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy: a systemic review and metaanalysis.

Restoration of postoperative urinary continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is affected by diverse factors. We compared the pad-free and positive margin rates of patients who underwent RARP with or without bladder neck sparing (BNS) for prostate cancer. During this systematic review and metaanalysis, we performed an electronic search of the Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PubMed to find original articles comparing RARP with and without BNS for prostate cancer.

Mismatch repair, p53, and L1 cell adhesion molecule status influence the response to chemotherapy in advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the recurrence and survival rates according to the mismatch repair (MMR), p53, and L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) status in patients with advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer (EC) receiving systemic chemotherapy.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included chemotherapy-naïve patients with advanced-stage (III/IV) or recurrent EC between January 2015 and June 2022 (n = 156), who were administered chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy or first-line palliative treatment. MMR and p53 status were assessed, and L1CAM was tested using immunohistochemistry in the p53-wild and MMR-proficient (p53wt/pMMR) group.

Interface-Driven Catalytic Enhancements in Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Immobilized CoNiS@ReS/CC Heterostructures for Optimized Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution in Alkaline Seawater-Splitting.

The rational design of multicomponent heterostructure is an effective strategy to enhance the catalytic activity of electrocatalysts for water and seawater electrolysis in alkaline conditions. Herein, MOF-derived nitrogen-doped carbon/nickel-cobalt sulfides coupled vertically aligned Rhenium disulfide (ReS) on carbon cloth (NC-CoNiS@ReS/CC) are constructed via hydrothermal and activation approaches. Experimental and theoretical analysis demonstrates that the strong interactions between multiple interfaces promote electron redistribution and facilitate water dissociation, thereby optimizing *H adsorption energy for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Biomechanical Comparison of Internal Rotational Effectiveness following Medialized Glenoid and Lateralized Humerus Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty with Tendon Transfers: Isolated latissimus dorsi, Combined Latissimus dorsi/teres major, and Pectoralis major tendon transfers.

Background: The restriction of active internal rotation (IR) after reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) poses a challenging problem for reconstructive shoulder surgeons, particularly in patients suffering from massive rotator cuff tears (mRCT) with subscapularis (SSC) deficiency. This study aims to evaluate the biomechanical effectiveness of different tendon transfer techniques following medialized glenoid and lateralized humerus RSA in improving internal rotation (IR) strength.

Methods: Eight cadaveric shoulder specimens were evaluated using a custom shoulder testing system designed to simulate loading conditions typical of mRCT with SSC insufficiency.

Digital insights into Pseudomonas aeruginosa PBH03: in-silico analysis for genomic toolbox and unraveling cues for heavy metal bioremediation.

Background: The genomes of publicly available electroactive Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are currently limited to in-silico analyses. This study analyzed the electroactive Pseudomonas aeruginosa PBH03 genome using comparative in-silico studies for biotechnological applications.

Objective: Comparative in-silico and experimental analyses were conducted to identify the novel traits of P.