Comparison of Aging Performances and Mechanisms: Super-Durable Fire-Resistant "Xuan Paper" Versus Chinese Traditional Xuan Paper.

Paper is a thin nonwoven material made from cellulose fibers as the main raw material together with some additives. Paper is highly flammable, leading to the destruction of countless precious ancient books, documents, and art works in fire disasters. In recent years, researchers have made a lot of efforts in order to obtain more durable and fire-retardant paper.

Vaccination of mice with Trichinella spiralis C-type lectin elicited the protective immunity and enhanced gut epithelial barrier function.

Background: C-type lectin (CTL) plays an important act in parasite adhesion, host's cell invasion and immune escape. Our previous studies showed that recombinant Trichinella spiralis C-type lectin (rTsCTL) mediated larval invasion of enteral mucosal epithelium. The aim of this study was to investigate protective immunity produced by vaccination with rTsCTL and its effect on gut epithelial barrier function in a mouse model.

Prevalence and Bidirectional Association Between Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Crohn's disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluating the prevalence of Crohn's disease in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and the incidence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in Crohn's disease (CD), along with their interrelation.

Methods: An extensive search was conducted in the PubMed and Embase to identify available publications up to December 2023. Studies were included if they reported the prevalence of CD in PSC patients, or vice versa.

Differential transcriptomic profiling of lipid metabolism and collagen remodeling in fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscles in aging.

Skeletal muscle function gradually declines with aging, presenting substantial health and societal challenges. Comparative analysis of how aging affects fast- and slow-twitch muscles remains lacking. We utilized 20-month-old mice to reveal the aging effects on muscle structure and fiber composition, followed by bulk RNA sequencing for fast- and slow-twitch muscles and integration with human single-cell RNA sequencing dataset providing a comparative analysis across species.

Safety and Efficacy of Metformin for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension. A U.S-Based Real-World Data Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Introduction: Managing idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is challenging due to limited treatment options. This study evaluates metformin as a potential therapy for IIH, examining its impact on disease outcomes and safety.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX database, covering data from 2009 to August 2024.

Discovery of HZS60 as a Novel Brain Penetrant NMDAR/TRPM4 Interaction Interface Inhibitor with Improved Activity and Pharmacokinetic Properties for the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia.

The death signaling complex comprising extrasynaptic NMDAR and TRPM4 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Targeting the protein-protein interactions between NMDAR and TRPM4 represents a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. Herein, we describe the discovery of a novel series of NMDAR/TRPM4 interaction interface inhibitors aimed at enhancing neuroprotective efficacy and optimizing pharmacokinetic profiles.

Glucose-Responsive Zn(II)-Porphyrin COF Adhesive Hydrogels With Dual-Active Sites and GOX-Like Activity for Accelerated Wound Healing.

Effective glycemic control is paramount for optimal wound healing in diabetic patients. Traditional antibacterial and anti-inflammatory treatments, while important, often fall short in addressing the hyperglycemic conditions of diabetic wounds. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic strategies for accelerating diabetic wound healing has garnered escalating attention.

Matrix-producing cells' orientation order facilitates Bacillus subtilis biofilm self-healing.

During the self-healing process of Bacillus subtilis biofilms on a solid MSgg substrate, large-scale ordered clusters emerge within the biofilm, providing an invasive advantages. To investigate the self-healing mechanism, an agent-based model is employed to simulate the self-healing processes of biofilms at two ages. The study reveals that a uniform cell distribution facilitates the healing of biofilm incisions.

Progress and Gaps in Respiratory Disease Research and Treatment: Highlights of the IRM 2024 in Shanghai.

Respiratory diseases pose a major public health challenge globally, necessitating collaborative efforts between basic researchers and clinicians for effective solutions. China, which is heavily impacted by a broad spectrum of respiratory disorders, has made notable strides in both research and clinical management of these diseases. The International Respiratory Medicine (IRM) meeting was organized with the primary goal of facilitating the exchange of recent research developments and promoting collaboration between Chinese and American scientists in both basic and clinical research fields.

Epidemiological Patterns, Treatment Response, and Metabolic Correlations of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A US-Based Study From 1990 to 2024.

Introduction: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) presents an increasing health burden with changing demographic patterns. We studied nationwide trends in IIH epidemiology, treatment patterns, and associated outcomes using a large-scale database analysis within the United States (US).

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis using the TriNetX US Collaborative Network database (1990-2024).

Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic States.

In patients with myocardial infarction, one of the complications that may occur after revascularization is myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), characterized by a depleted myocardial oxygen supply and absence of blood flow recovery after reperfusion, leading to expansion of myocardial infarction, poor healing of myocardial infarction and reversal of left ventricular remodeling, and an increase in the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events such as heart failure, arrhythmia, and cardiac cell death. As a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus increases myocardial susceptibility to myocardial IRI through various mechanisms, increases acute myocardial infarction and myocardial IRI incidence, decreases myocardial responsiveness to protective strategies and efficacy of myocardial IRI protective methods, and increases diabetes mellitus mortality through myocardial infarction. This Review summarizes the mechanisms, existing therapeutic strategies, and potential therapeutic targets of myocardial IRI in diabetic states, which has very compelling clinical significance.

Dynamic Liquid Metal-Microfiber Interlocking Enables Highly Conductive and Strain-insensitive Metastructured Fibers for Wearable Electronics.

Stretchable fibers with high conductivity are vital components for smart textiles and wearable electronics. However, embedding solid conductive materials in polymers significantly reduces conductive pathways when stretched, causing a sharp drop in conductivity. Here, a stretchable metastructured fiber with dynamic liquid metal-microfiber interlocking interface is reported to realize highly conductive yet ultrastable conductance.

Photosynthetic responses to temperature across the tropics: a meta-analytic approach.

Background And Aims: Tropical forests exchange more carbon dioxide (CO2) with the atmosphere than any other terrestrial biome. Yet, uncertainty in the projected carbon balance over the next century is roughly three-times greater for the tropics than other ecosystems. Our limited knowledge of tropical plant physiological responses, including photosynthetic, to climate change is a substantial source of uncertainty in our ability to forecast the global terrestrial carbon sink.

Relationship between the start time of treatment and patient prognosis in cases of acute wild mushroom poisoning in a certain region of Guizhou Province, China from 2013 to 2020: A retrospective Observational Study and forecast.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective observational study was conducted on 455 patients with Undergoing Treatment for Mushroom Poisoning at Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (AHZMU), the tertiary governmental hospital of China, between January 2013 and December 2020. We investigated the impact of prognostic factors, including the mortality rate of patients who completed treatment at AHZMU versus those transferred to AHZMU, average length of hospital stay, mortality rate for a latency period of > 6-h, major damaged organs, HOPE6-TALK scoring and established a predictive model to assess the severity of acute mushroom poisoning.

Results: In 2013-2020, there are 455 patients of mushroom poisoning at AHZMU.

Comparison of Three Internal Fixation Constructs for AO/OTA 33-A3 Distal Femoral Fractures: A Biomechanical Study.

Background: To compare the biomechanical performance of three internal fixation constructs for AO/OTA 33-A3 distal femoral fractures.

Methods: Thirty AO/OTA 33-A3 synthetic distal femoral fracture models were constructed and randomly divided into three groups. Group A (dual-plate construct) was fixed with a medial locking plate combined with a less invasive stabilization system (LISS).

Deciphering the electronic and structural origin of chiroptical activity of chiral 2D perovskites.

Understanding the structure-chiroptical activity relationship in chiral perovskites is of great significance as it provides a pathway to control light-matter interactions. Although many reports have shown various chiral structures with distinctive chiroptical responses, a clear structure-property relationship is still missing, partially stemming from the poor understanding of the optical activity mechanism. For instance, it remains unclear if and how the chiroptical activity is related to exciton spin splitting.

ALOPECIA AREATA PROFILING SHOWS LNCRNAS REGULATE THE SUPPRESSED EXPRESSION OF KERATIN.

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is one of the most common autoimmune hair diseases. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be involved in the pathophysiological progression of a variety of diseases; however, how lncRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata is not fully understood.

Objective: In order to study the differential expression profiles of mRNA and lncRNA in patients with alopecia areata and provide experimental basis for the diagnosis and treatment of alopecia areata.

Erector spinae plane block versus quadratus lumborum block for abdominal surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and quadratus lumborum block (QLB) are two novel interfascial plane block techniques with possible analgesic effects for both incisional and visceral pain. However, the results of the intercomparison of the two techniques for analgesia after abdominal surgery remain controversial.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed on five databases for randomized controlled trials comparing the analgesic efficacy of ESPB and QLB in abdominal surgery.

Nevus-associated acral melanoma has lower risk of recurrence and mortality than de novo acral melanoma: A multicenter, retrospective analysis of 482 patients.

Background: It is unknown whether acral melanomas (AMs) associated with pre-existing nevi have similar risk to other AMs.

Objective: To compare risk of recurrence and death between AMs associated with pre-existing nevi and de novo AMs.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study involving patients diagnosed with AMs between February 2011 and November 2022.

Targeting chaperone-mediated autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

The pathological hallmarks of various neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease prominently feature the accumulation of misfolded proteins and neuroinflammation. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) has emerged as a distinct autophagic process that coordinates the lysosomal degradation of specific proteins bearing the pentapeptide motif Lys-Phe-Glu-Arg-Gln (KFERQ), a recognition target for the cytosolic chaperone HSC70. Beyond its role in protein quality control, recent research underscores the intimate interplay between CMA and immune regulation in neurodegeneration.

Ultrasensitive, Fast-Response, and Stretchable Temperature Microsensor Based on a Stable Encapsulated Organohydrogel Film for Wearable Applications.

Ionic conductive hydrogel-based temperature sensors have emerged as promising candidates due to their good stretchability and biocompatibility. However, the unsatisfactory sensitivity, sluggish response/recovery speed, and poor environmental stability limit their applications for accurate long-term health monitoring and robot perception, especially in extreme environments. To address these concerns, here, the stretchable temperature sensors based on a double-side elastomer-encapsulated thin-film organohydrogel (DETO) architecture are proposed with impressive performance.