Beyond 200 Gb/s/λ C-band PAM-4 low-latency transmission over 20-km nested antiresonant nodeless fiber.

The rapid growth of modern Internet applications demands ever-increasing transmission capacity and reduced latency in optical interconnect systems utilizing intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD). However, the intrinsic limitations of silica-based standard single-mode fiber (SMF) will ultimately be insufficient to meet these escalating demands. The nested antiresonant nodeless fiber (NANF), a newly designed hollow-core fiber, has garnered significant attention as a potential solution to these challenges.

Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Key Differences Between Yak, Buffalo, and Cow Colostrum Based on UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS.

Background: Colostrum, abundant in immunoglobulins and growth factors, plays a vital role in supporting immunity. Both yak and buffalo milk are characterized by their high protein and fat content. However, the metabolomic profiles of yak colostrum (YC), buffalo colostrum (BC), and bovine colostrum (CC) remain largely unexplored.

The clinicopathologic features of uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: A case report.

Rationale: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare soft tissue neoplasm with low malignant potential. These patients present with a certain probability of malignant potential. The management of IMT has not been standardized, especially for the patients with fertility needs.

Social function scores and influencing factors in patients with residual depressive symptoms.

Background: At present, the influencing factors of social function in patients with residual depressive symptoms are still unclear. Residual depressive symptoms are highly harmful, leading to low mood in patients, affecting work and interpersonal communication, increasing the risk of recurrence, and adding to the burden on families. Studying the influencing factors of their social function is of great significance.

New alkaloids from Melodinus fusiformis and their cytotoxic activities.

Four new alkaloids, meloformisine A (1), meloformine B (2), meloformine F (3), meloformine G (4), along with five known alkaloids (5-9) were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Melodinus fusiformis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic evidence, including 1D and 2D NMR, MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The structure of 1 was a novel indole alkaloid with an unprecedented 6/5/5/5/5 pentacyclic skeleton.

The impact of traditional Chinese medicine kidney-tonifying methods on osteoporosis or bone loss in HR+ breast cancer patients following endocrine therapy.

Objective: This study aims to systematically assess the therapeutic effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) kidney-tonifying methods on osteoporosis in HR+ breast cancer patients after endocrine therapy, and to explore their clinical application value.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and aimed to evaluate the impact of TCM kidney-tonifying methods on osteoporosis in HR+ breast cancer patients after endocrine therapy. Literature searches were conducted through October 2024 in databases including CBM, CNKI, Wanfang Data, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, VIP, and renowned TCM databases such as TCM Online.

Enhanced stability of microwave absorption in island-bridge structured organohydrogels.

Stretchable microwave absorbers (SMAs) are vital for flexible electronics. Traditional SMAs display unstable tensile properties resulting from inconsistencies between the constrained conductive layer and the flexible dielectric layer. This study introduces an organohydrogel-based stretchable microwave absorber (OSMA) that incorporates an organohydrogel within an island-bridge structure.

GNA15 induces drug resistance in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by promoting fatty acid oxidation via activation of the AMPK pathway.

The prognosis of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is poor, primarily due to drug resistance and relapse. Ga15, encoded by GNA15, belongs to the G protein family, with G protein-coupled receptors playing a crucial role in multiple biological process. GNA15 has been reported to be involved in various malignancies; however, its potential role in B-ALL remain unknown.

Nanocarrier imaging at single-cell resolution across entire mouse bodies with deep learning.

Efficient and accurate nanocarrier development for targeted drug delivery is hindered by a lack of methods to analyze its cell-level biodistribution across whole organisms. Here we present Single Cell Precision Nanocarrier Identification (SCP-Nano), an integrated experimental and deep learning pipeline to comprehensively quantify the targeting of nanocarriers throughout the whole mouse body at single-cell resolution. SCP-Nano reveals the tissue distribution patterns of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) after different injection routes at doses as low as 0.

An empirical study of LLaMA3 quantization: from LLMs to MLLMs.

The LLaMA family, a collection of foundation language models ranging from 7B to 65B parameters, has become one of the most powerful open-source large language models (LLMs) and the popular LLM backbone of multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), widely used in computer vision and natural language understanding tasks. In particular, LLaMA3 models have recently been released and have achieved impressive performance in various domains with super-large scale pre-training on over 15T tokens of data. Given the wide application of low-bit quantization for LLMs in resource-constrained scenarios, we explore LLaMA3's capabilities when quantized to low bit-width.

[Network Meta-analysis of Chinese patent medicines combined with recombinant human interferon α-2b in treatment of cervical human papillomavirus infections].

The study employed network Meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicines combined with recombinant human interferon α-2b(interferon) in the treatment of cervical human papillomavirus(HPV) infections. The relevant randomized controlled trial(RCT) published from inception to May 8, 2024 were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, and Web of Science. The modified Jadad scale and the Cochrane risk of bias tool were used to evaluate the quality of the included studies, and RevMan 5.

Photocatalytic Methanol Dehydrogenation with Switchable Selectivity.

Switchable selectivity achieved by altering reaction conditions within the same photocatalytic system offers great advantages for sustainable chemical transformations and renewable energy conversion. In this study, we investigate an efficient photocatalytic methanol dehydrogenation with controlled selectivity by varying the concentration of nickel cocatalyst, using zinc indium sulfide nanocrystals as a semiconductor photocatalyst, which enables the production of either formaldehyde or ethylene glycol with high selectivity. Control experiments revealed that formaldehyde is initially generated and can either serve as a terminal product or intermediate in producing ethylene glycol, depending on the nickel concentration in the solution.

Fusion of FDG and FMZ PET Reduces False Positive in Predicting Epileptogenic Zone.

Background And Purpose: Epilepsy, a globally prevalent neurological disorder, necessitates precise identification of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) for effective surgical management. While the individual utilities of FDG PET and FMZ PET have been demonstrated, their combined efficacy in localizing the epileptogenic zone remains underexplored. We aim to improve the non-invasive prediction of epileptogenic zone (EZ) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) by combining FDG PET and FMZ PET with statistical feature extraction and machine learning.

Molecular and biochemical evolution of casbene-type diterpene and sesquiterpene biosynthesis in rice.

Casbene and neocembrene are casbene-type macrocyclic diterpenes; their derivatives play significant roles in plant defense and have pharmaceutical applications. We had previously characterized a casbene synthase, TERPENE SYNTHASE 28 (OsTPS28), in rice (Oryza sativa). However, the mechanism of neocembrene biosynthesis in rice remained unclear.

Cellular cartography reveals mouse prostate organization and determinants of castration resistance.

Inadequate response to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) frequently arises in prostate cancer, driven by cellular mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Here, we integrated single-cell RNA sequencing, single-cell multiomics, and spatial transcriptomics to define the transcriptional, epigenetic, and spatial basis of cell identity and castration response in the mouse prostate. Leveraging these data along with a meta-analysis of human prostates and prostate cancer, we identified cellular orthologs and key determinants of ADT response and resistance.

Establishment of a nomogram that predicts the risk of heart failure in hemodialysis patients.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is expected to become the fifth leading cause of death globally by 2040. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly heart failure (HF), is a severe complication in CKD patients on hemodialysis. This study aimed to develop a nomogram to predict the risk of heart failure hospitalization in hemodialysis patients, providing a valuable tool for clinical decision-making.

BefA protein alleviates progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating the AMPK signaling pathway through the gut-liver axis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver diseases worldwide, necessitating urgent novel oral treatments. In this study, β-cell expansion factor A (BefA) was evaluated in a murine NAFLD model induced by high-fat diet (HFD). Our results revealed that BefA significantly reduced body weight (36.

Self-Assembly Behavior of Zein on Two Different Substrates Visualized by Atomic Force Microscopy.

When protein molecules come into contact with different types of substrate materials, the surface properties of the substrate will have a significant effect on their self-assembly behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the self-assembly behavior of zein molecules on the two different substrates. Herein, the microstructure of zein molecules on the surface of two typical substrates, mica and glass, were characterized in detail by atomic force microscopy.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of BASIC PENTACYSTEINE transcription factors and their binding motifs in coconut palm.

Introduction: () is a small transcription factor family known for its role in various developmental processes in plants, particularly in binding GA motifs and regulating flower and seed development. However, research on the functional characteristics and target genes of in coconut () is limited.

Methods: In this study, we systematically characterized the gene structure, conserved protein domains, gene expansion, and target genes of in the coconut genome.

Burden of digestive congenital anomalies among children aged 0-14 years in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2021: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Objectives: We aim to delineate the digestive congenital abnormalities burden in children under 14 years old between 1990 and 2021.

Design: We implemented data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database to evaluate digestive congenital abnormalities burden with different measures in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. We present precise estimations with 95% uncertainty intervals.