Publications by authors named "Jianxiong Xiao"

Article Synopsis
  • A series of events known as "molecular domestication" transformed an invertebrate transposase (RAGL) into a key enzyme (RAG) for adaptive immunity in jawed vertebrates.
  • Research revealed that complete RAGL-A transposons exist in species like the hemichordate Ptychodera flava and some echinoderms, with their proteins showing a blend of features from RAG and RAGL-B.
  • The study suggests that some adaptations, like the acidic hinge in RAG2L-A proteins, were present in invertebrates and played a role in RAG's evolution, shifting focus to other adaptations for the final steps of RAG domestication in jawed vertebrates
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Article Synopsis
  • The text discusses how a series of molecular changes transformed a transposase from invertebrates into a vital enzyme for immune response in jawed vertebrates, known as the RAG recombinase.
  • New evidence reveals that complete transposons exist in some echinoderms and display hybrid characteristics that suggest they play a role in both DNA binding and transposition activities similar to RAG proteins.
  • The findings propose that certain features in RAG proteins, previously thought unique to jawed vertebrates, actually originated from invertebrates, emphasizing their evolutionary importance in the development of adaptive immunity.
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Single-crystal nickel-rich materials are promising alternatives to polycrystalline cathodes owing to their excellent structure stability and cycle performance while the cathode material usually appears high cation mixing, which may have a negative effect on its electrochemical performance. The study presents the structural evolution of single-crystal LiNi Co Mn O in the temperature-composition space using temperature-resolved in situ XRD and the cation mixing is tuned to improve electrochemical performances. The as-synthesized single-crystal sample shows high initial discharge specific capacity (195.

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DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) catalyze DNA methylation, and their functions in mammalian embryonic development and diseases including cancer have been extensively studied. However, regulation of DNMTs remains under study. Here, we show that CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (CEBPA) interacts with the long splice isoform DNMT3A, but not the short isoform DNMT3A2.

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Background And Aims: The safety of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, one of the major challenges to public vaccination, has been controversial. This study assessed the adverse reactions of various HPV vaccines, including bivalent HPV (2vHPV), quadrivalent HPV (4vHPV), and 9-valent HPV (9vHPV) vaccines.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Central databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the comparative safety of HPV vaccines.

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Immunoglobulin and T cell receptor gene assembly depends on V(D)J recombination initiated by the RAG1-RAG2 recombinase. The RAG1 N-terminal region (NTR; aa 1-383) has been implicated in regulatory functions whose influence on V(D)J recombination and lymphocyte development in vivo is poorly understood. We generated mice in which RAG1 lacks ubiquitin ligase activity (P326G), the major site of autoubiquitination (K233R), or its first 215 residues (Δ215).

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DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification that is essential for various developmental processes through regulating gene expression, genomic imprinting, and epigenetic inheritance. Mammalian genomic DNA methylation is established during embryogenesis by de novo DNA methyltransferases, DNMT3A and DNMT3B, and the methylation patterns vary with developmental stages and cell types. DNA methyltransferase 3-like protein (DNMT3L) is a catalytically inactive paralogue of DNMT3 enzymes, which stimulates the enzymatic activity of Dnmt3a.

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When glancing at a magazine, or browsing the Internet, we are continuously exposed to photographs. Despite this overflow of visual information, humans are extremely good at remembering thousands of pictures along with some of their visual details. But not all images are equal in memory.

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A longstanding goal of computer vision is to build a system that can automatically understand a 3D scene from a single image. This requires extracting semantic concepts and 3D information from 2D images which can depict an enormous variety of environments that comprise our visual world. This paper summarizes our recent efforts toward these goals.

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UHRF1 is an important epigenetic regulator connecting DNA methylation and histone methylations. UHRF1 is required for maintenance of DNA methylation through recruiting DNMT1 to DNA replication forks. Recent studies have shown that the plant homeodomain (PHD) of UHRF1 recognizes the N terminus of unmodified histone H3, and the interaction is inhibited by methylation of H3R2, whereas the tandem tudor domain (TTD) of UHRF1 recognizes trimethylated histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me3).

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Objective: To understand the sero-prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection among different populations and animals in Fujian province.

Methods: One thousand one hundred and fifty-one serum samples were collected from 5 species of animals including swine, dog, cow, sheep and rat. A total of 2209 and 1722 serum samples from the general population and from the exposed population were collected.

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