Conformational effects in the identification and quantification of ketohydroperoxides in the oxidation of -pentane.

Stereochemistry plays a key role in both fundamental chemical processes and the dynamics of a large set of molecular systems of importance in chemistry, medicine and biology. Predicting the chemical transformations of organic precursors in such environments requires detailed kinetic models based on laboratory data. Reactive intermediates play a critical role in constraining the models but their identification and especially their quantification remain challenging.

Sappanone A alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by decreasing hepatocyte lipotoxicity via targeting Mup3 in mice.

Background And Purpose: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is an inflammatory lipotoxic disorder marked by hepatic steatosis, hepatocyte damage, inflammation, and varying stages of fibrosis. Sappanone A (SA), a flavonoid, exhibits anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotection activities. Nevertheless, the effects of SA on MASH remain ambiguous.

Roseburia intestinalis-derived butyrate alleviates neuropathic pain.

Approximately 20% of patients with shingles develop postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). We investigated the role of gut microbiota in shingle- and PHN-related pain. Patients with shingles or PHN exhibited significant alterations in their gut microbiota with microbial markers predicting PHN development among patients with shingles.

Staphylococcus epidermidis alters macrophage polarization and phagocytic uptake by extracellular DNA release in vitro.

Biofilm formation shields Staphylococcus epidermidis from host defense mechanisms, contributing to chronic implant infections. Using wild-type S. epidermidis 1457, a PIA-negative mutant (1457-M10), and an eDNA-negative mutant (1457ΔatlE), this study examined the influence of biofilm matrix components on human monocyte-derived macrophage (hMDM) interactions.

Free-radical triggered formation of dioxins from 2-chlorophenol pyrolysis investigated by synchrotron radiation photoionization mass spectrometry.

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are a category of highly toxic and environmentally persistent pollutants released particularly via thermal processes of chlorine-containing materials. However, the detailed reaction mechanism, especially the evolution of related radicals remains elusive for decades. Herein we have for the first time characterized the radicals and intermediates during pyrolysis of 2-chlorophenol resulting in PCDD/Fs and PCNs, using a flow tube reactor coupled with in-situ synchrotron radiation photoionization mass spectrometry (SR-PIMS).

Sappanone A enhances hepatocyte proliferation in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver injury in mice by promoting injured hepatocyte apoptosis and regulating macrophage polarization.

Objectives: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as endotoxin, is the main toxic component of the cell wall of gram negative bacteria, which is released after bacterial death and widely exists in the living environment. Human exposure to endotoxin may cause sepsis. The occurrence of septic liver injury is a prominent factor contributing to mortality in patients with sepsis.

Merkel cell polyomavirus small tumor antigen contributes to immune evasion by interfering with type I interferon signaling.

Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is the causative agent of the majority of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC). The virus has limited coding capacity, with its early viral proteins, large T (LT) and small T (sT), being multifunctional and contributing to infection and transformation. A fundamental difference in early viral gene expression between infection and MCPyV-driven tumorigenesis is the expression of a truncated LT (LTtr) in the tumor.

Identification and characterization of Varicella Zoster Virus circular RNA in lytic infection.

This study investigates the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the context of Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) lytic infection. We employ two sequencing technologies, short-read sequencing and long-read sequencing, following RNase R treatment on VZV-infected neuroblastoma cells to identify and characterize both cellular and viral circRNAs. Our large scanning analysis identifies and subsequent experiments confirm 200 VZV circRNAs.

Transcriptomic analysis of differentially alternative splicing patterns in mice with inflammatory and neuropathic pain.

Although the molecular mechanisms of chronic pain have been extensively studied, a global picture of alternatively spliced genes and events in the peripheral and central nervous systems of chronic pain is poorly understood. The current study analyzed the changing pattern of alternative splicing (AS) in mouse brain, dorsal root ganglion, and spinal cord tissue under inflammatory and neuropathic pain. In total, we identified 6495 differentially alternatively spliced (DAS) genes.

Drug repurposing screen identifies lonafarnib as respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein inhibitor.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, older adults and the immunocompromised. Effective directly acting antivirals are not yet available for clinical use. To address this, we screen the ReFRAME drug-repurposing library consisting of 12,000 small molecules against RSV.

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation of tigecycline dosing in a hollow fiber infection model against clinical bla-KPC producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae isolates.

The FDA announced a boxed warning for tigecycline due to progression of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria and increased risk of mortality during treatment. Plasma exposure of tigecycline might not prevent bacteraemia in these cases from the focuses. Hence, we evaluated intensified dosing regimens and breakpoints that might suppress bloodstream infections, caused by progression of infection by e.

A bacterial effector protein promotes nuclear translocation of Stat3 to induce IL-10.

The multifunctional Yersinia effector YopM inhibits effector triggered immunity and increases production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-10 (IL-10) to suppress the host immune response. Previously it was shown that YopM induces IL-10 gene expression by elevating phosphorylation of the serine-threonine kinase RSK1 in the nucleus of human macrophages. Using transcriptomics, we found that YopM strongly affects expression of genes belonging to the JAK-STAT signaling pathway.

Data-Driven Framework toward Accurate Prediction of Interfacial Thermal Resistance in Particulate-Filled Composites.

The interfacial thermal resistance (ITR) inside the particulate-filled polymer composite is a bottleneck for improving the thermal conductivity (TC) of the material. Getting full knowledge of the ITR is crucial to the material design as well as to a faithful prediction of TC of the composite. However, a method fully taking into account the local circumstances inside the composite is yet to be developed to precisely characterize the ITR.

Combined metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the characteristics of the lignan in Isatis indigotica Fortune.

Isatis indigotica Fortune is a plant species containing lignan compounds of significant economic value. Its root plays a crucial role in treating viruses and exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and other biological activities. Now, I.

Rapid development of cefiderocol resistance in a carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate associated with mutations in the pyoverdine biosynthesis pathway.

Here we report the in vivo development of cefiderocol resistance within 11 days after therapy initiation in a critically ill patient with bloodstream infection, infection of peri-anal fistula, and pneumonia caused by a VIM-2 harbouring, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Compared to a cefiderocol-naïve P. aeruginosa blood culture isolate, agar diffusion susceptibility testing found a reduced cefiderocol inhibition zone diameter in a P.

Fiber-integrated cantilever-based nanomechanical biosensors as a tool for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing.

There is an urgent need for developing rapid and affordable antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) technologies to inhibit the overuse of antibiotics. In this study, a novel microcantilever nanomechanical biosensor based on Fabry-Pérot interference demodulation was developed for AST. To construct the biosensor, a cantilever was integrated with the single mode fiber in order to form the Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI).

First case of bloodstream infection caused by , a novel species within the genus of the family.

Members of the family very rarely cause infections in humans. Here we describe the first case of a bloodstream infection due to sp. nov.

IKK1 aggravates ischemia-reperfusion kidney injury by promoting the differentiation of effector T cells.

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the major causes of acute kidney injury (AKI), and experimental work has revealed detailed insight into the inflammatory response in the kidney. T cells and NFκB pathway play an important role in IRI. Therefore, we examined the regulatory role and mechanisms of IkappaB kinase 1 (IKK1) in CD4T lymphocytes in an experimental model of IRI.

A Multiscale Approach to Deep Blind Image Quality Assessment.

Faithful measurement of perceptual quality is of significant importance to various multimedia applications. By fully utilizing reference images, full-reference image quality assessment (FR-IQA) methods usually achieves better prediction performance. On the other hand, no-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA), also known as blind image quality assessment (BIQA), which does not consider the reference image, makes it a challenging but important task.

Genomics of Invasive Cutibacterium acnes Isolates from Deep-Seated Infections.

Cutibacterium acnes, formerly known as Propionibacterium acnes, is a commensal of the human pilosebaceous unit but also causes deep-seated infection, especially in the context of orthopedic and neurosurgical foreign materials. Interestingly, little is known about the role of specific pathogenicity factors for infection establishment. Here, 86 infection-associated and 103 commensalism-associated isolates of were collected from three independent microbiology laboratories.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Two-Step Infection Screen Reveals Inhibitors of Early and Late Life Cycle Stages.

Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) infection is a leading cause of severe respiratory tract infections. Effective, directly acting antivirals against hRSV are not available. We aimed to discover new and chemically diverse candidates to enrich the hRSV drug development pipeline.

Treatment Efficacy and Technical Advantages of Temporary Spinal Nerve Root Stimulation Compared to Traditional Spinal Cord Stimulation for Postherpetic Neuralgia.

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a common complication after herpes zoster infection. While conventional dorsal column temporary spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) has been shown as an effective treatment option for this pain condition, recent data suggests ipsilateral temporary spinal nerve root stimulation (tSNRS) as a safe alternative for treating PHN. However, there is no direct clinical comparison between the newer tSNRS and the traditional tSCS.

Expression and Clinical Significance of HER2 Gene and DNMT1 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Objective: To explore the expression and clinical significance of HER2 and DNMT1 in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Methods: The patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University between 2018 and 2020 were enrolled in this study. The serum DNMT1 concentration and the expression of HER2 protein in lung cancer and adjacent tissues of the two groups were analyzed.