Caregiver Distress: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Patient Care.

Background: Advanced cancer severely impacts the lives of patients as well as their caregivers and loved ones. The burden of the caregiver role often results in significant distress, especially near the end of life. Identifying ways to support patients and caregivers is an important focus of palliative care.

Correction: Construction of efficient Pb(II) carboxylate catalysts for the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions.

Correction for 'Construction of efficient Pb(II) carboxylate catalysts for the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions' by Janak , , 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4dt02958e.

Four new species and a key to Australian species of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini).

The Australian species of the genus Diochus Erichson, 1839 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) are reviewed and four new species are described: Diochus basseti sp. nov. and D.

Taxonomy of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands.

This paper presents taxonomic studies of the genus Diochus Erichson, 1839 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) from Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands. Three new species are described: Diochus elongatus Huang, Janák & Zhou, sp. nov.

On Octavius from Maloti-Drakensberg and Golden Gate National Parks, South Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Euaesthetinae).

Nineteen species of the genus Octavius Fauvel, 1873 from Maloti-Drakensberg and Golden Gate National Parks, South Africa were recognised. Thirteen species are described as new: Octavius aureaportalis Janák, sp. nov.

Six new species and a key to 12 species of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) from India, Nepal and Pakistan.

This paper presents taxonomic studies of the genus Diochus Erichson, 1839 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Bhutan, India, Nepal, Myanmar, Pakistan and Thailand. Six new species are described: Diochus cameroni Huang, Janák & Zhou, sp. nov.

Pavlovian cue-evoked alcohol seeking is disrupted by ventral pallidal inhibition.

Cues paired with alcohol can be potent drivers of craving, alcohol-seeking, consumption, and relapse. While the ventral pallidum is implicated in appetitive and consummatory responses across several reward classes and types of behaviors, its role in behavioral responses to Pavlovian alcohol cues has not previously been established. Here, we tested the impact of optogenetic inhibition of ventral pallidum on Pavlovian-conditioned alcohol-seeking in male Long Evans rats.

Role of dopamine in reward expectation and predictability during execution of action sequences.

Reward-associated cues serve different functions depending on whether they precede or terminate action sequences. Cues that precede action sequences and signal opportunity for reward could serve as GO signals to initiate the sequence, whereas sequence termination cues could serve as response feedback by signaling reward delivery. Reward expectation during sequence execution depends on these cues and might condition whether behavior is habitual or goal-directed.

Predictors of Utilization Frequency of and Expenditure Amount for Chiropractic Care in U.S. Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prospective associations of baseline personal characteristics with utilization frequency and expenditure of chiropractic care in US adults (≥18 years).

Methods: Data are from the 1358 respondents to the 2014 to 2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey who utilized chiropractic care. Individual, familial, health-related, and behavioral factors were included as covariates in the multivariate analytic model.

National Trends in the Utilization and Expenditure of Chiropractic Care in U.S. Adults: Analysis of the 2007-2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the trends in the utilization and expenditure of chiropractic care in a representative sample of US adults, aged ≥18 years.

Methods: Serial cross-sectional data (2007-2016) from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) were examined. Weighted descriptive statistics were analyzed to obtain national estimates of chiropractic utilization and expenditure, and time-series linear regression was used to assess trends over time.

Intranodal embolization for lymphocele after revascularization procedure in the groin.

Early postoperative wound complications in revascularization procedures in the groin very often include complications associated with injury to the lymphatic system such as lymphocele and lymphorrhea with subsequent local infectious complications and the risk of infection of prosthetic grafts. We present a case report of successful treatment of postoperative lymphocele with subsequent lymphatic fistula and dehiscence of the surgical wound by intranodal embolization of the injured lymph node with Histoacryl tissue glue.

Handling and Tagging Techniques for Implanting Juvenile American Shad with a New Acoustic Microtransmitter.

The use of telemetry techniques to better understand the behavior and survival of juvenile American shad (Alosa sapidissima), as they migrate through hydropower systems, has been challenging because shad are widely known to be particularly sensitive to handling. The goal of this study was to develop a tagging protocol using a new, acoustic micro transmitter that minimizes the detrimental effects of the tagging process and maximizes post-tagging survival of juvenile American shad. Limiting out-of-water handling and the use of brackish saltwater (7.

Implications for the Hydrogenation of Propyne and Propene with Parahydrogen due to the in situ Transformation of RhC to Rh/C.

NMR spectroscopy studies using parahydrogen-induced polarization have previously established the existence of the pairwise hydrogen addition route in the hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons over heterogeneous catalysts, including those based on rhodium (Rh). This pathway requires the incorporation of both hydrogen atoms from one hydrogen molecule to the same product molecule. However, the underlying mechanism for such pairwise hydrogen addition must be better understood.

The Burden of Work Productivity and Activity Impairment in Patients with Psoriasis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Ulcerative Colitis, and Crohn's Disease.

Background: Comparisons among autoimmune diseases enable understanding of the burden and factors associated with work productivity loss and impairment.

Aims: The objective was to compare work productivity and activity and associated factors among patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and other autoimmune conditions.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included employed, adult patients (age 20-64 years) in the CorEvitas Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Psoriasis, and Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registries between 5/2017 and 6/2020.

Mesostriatal dopamine is sensitive to changes in specific cue-reward contingencies.

Learning causal relationships relies on understanding how often one event precedes another. To investigate how dopamine neuron activity and neurotransmitter release change when a retrospective relationship is degraded for a specific pair of events, we used outcome-selective Pavlovian contingency degradation in rats. Conditioned responding was attenuated for the cue-reward contingency that was degraded, as was dopamine neuron activity in the midbrain and dopamine release in the ventral striatum in response to the cue and subsequent reward.

Prevalence of Cardiovascular and Cancer Risk Factors Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Prescribed JAK Inhibitors and Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: The study was to determine the prevalence of baseline risk factors for cardiovascular outcomes and cancer among commercially-insured patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) during their first dispensed treatment for either tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) or JAK inhibitors (JAKi).

Methods: Patients with RA from August 16, 2019 to March 31, 2022 were identified in the Merative MarketScan Commercial and Medicare databases. The first date that a TNFi or JAKi was dispensed was the index date, and baseline risk factors were assessed among patients continuously eligible for 12 months before the index date.

Encoding and context-dependent control of reward consumption within the central nucleus of the amygdala.

Dysregulation of the central amygdala is thought to underlie aberrant choice in alcohol use disorder, but the role of central amygdala neural activity during reward choice and consumption is unclear. We recorded central amygdala neurons in male rats as they consumed alcohol or sucrose. We observed activity changes at the time of reward approach, as well as lick-entrained activity during ongoing consumption of both rewards.

Comparison of Racial and Ethnic Mortality Disparities among Post-9/11 Veterans with and without Traumatic Brain Injury to the Total U.S. Adult Population.

Introduction: The extent of racial/ethnic disparities and whether they are attenuated in the Veteran population compared to the total US population is not well understood. We aimed to assess racial/ethnic mortality disparities from all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD) and cancer among post-9/11 military Veterans with and without exposure to TBI, compared to the total US population.

Methods: This cohort study included 2,502,101 US military Veterans (18,932,083 person-years) who served after 09/11/2001 with 3 or more years of care in the Military Health System (MHS); or had 3 or more years of care in the MHS and 2 or more years of care in the Veterans Health Administration.

Chronic Ethanol Exposure Produces Sex-Dependent Impairments in Value Computations in the Striatum.

Value-based decision-making relies on the striatum, where neural plasticity can be altered by chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure, but the effects of such plasticity on striatal neural dynamics during decision-making remain unclear. This study investigated the long-term impacts of EtOH on reward-driven decision-making and striatal neurocomputations in male and female rats using a dynamic probabilistic reversal learning task. Following a prolonged withdrawal period, EtOH-exposed male rats exhibited deficits in adaptability and exploratory behavior, with aberrant outcome-driven value updating that heightened preference for chosen action.

Pavlovian cue-evoked alcohol seeking is disrupted by ventral pallidal inhibition.

Cues paired with alcohol can be potent drivers of craving, alcohol-seeking, consumption, and relapse. While the ventral pallidum is implicated in appetitive and consummatory responses across several reward classes and types of behaviors, its role in behavioral responses to Pavlovian alcohol cues has not previously been established. Here, we tested the impact of optogenetic inhibition of ventral pallidum on Pavlovian-conditioned alcohol-seeking in male Long Evans rats.