Fabrication and characterization of electrically conducting electrochemically synthesized polypyrrole-based enzymatic biofuel cell anode with biocompatible redox mediator vitamin K.

Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) hold tremendous potential to power biomedical devices, biosensors, and bioelectronics. Unlike conventional toxic batteries, these electrochemical devices are biocompatible, harnessing energy from physiological fluids and producing usable electrical energy. But the commercialization of EBFCs is limited by the low operational stability, limited power output and poor electron transport efficiency of the enzymatic electrodes.

A colorimetric chemosensor for distinct color change with (E)-2-(1-(3-aminophenyl)ethylideneamino)benzenethiol to detect Cu in real water samples.

The study reports the synthesis of chemosensor (E)-2-(1-(3-aminophenyl)ethylideneamino)benzenethiol (C1), a highly sensitive, colorimetric metal probe that shows distinct selectivity for the detection of Cu ion in various real water samples. Upon complexation with Cu in CHOH/HO (60:40 v/v) (aqueous methanol), the C1 demonstrate significant enhancement in the absorption at 250 nm and 300 nm with a color change from light yellow to brown which was visualized using naked-eye. Therefore, these properties make C1 as an effective candidate for on-site Cu ions detection.

Statistical physics double-layer models for the experimental study and theoretical modeling of methyl orange dye adsorption on AlMnTiO nanocomposite.

A AlO/MnO/TiO (AlMnTiO) nanocomposite was synthesized using the thermal coprecipitation method and the adsorption performance of methyl orange (MO) dye from aqueous solution was carried out. Single-parameter optimization was used to explore the properties of AlMnTiO nanocomposite parameters on dye adsorption, including dose of adsorbent, solution pH, contact duration, and starting MO concentration. The model is the appropriate adsorption isotherm for the equilibrium process using a pseudo-second-order kinetic model property.

A Colorimetric Distinct Color Change Cu(II) 4-{[1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene]amino}-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one Chemosensor and its Application as a Paper Test Kit.

In the current research work "4-{[1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene]amino}-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one" chemosensor (C1) synthesized by condensation reaction using "4-amino-1,2-dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenylpyrazol-3-one" and "2,5-dihydroxy actophenone" was used as the effective sensor of metal ion. The C1 shows absorption peak at 326 nm due to the C = C bond (π-π* transition), while the absorption peak at 364 nm is caused by the C = O bond (n-π* transition). In the presence of copper, C1 only demonstrated a redshift in absorption peak from 364 to 425 nm.

Diverse utilization of surfactants in coal-floatation for the sustainable development of clean coal production and environmental safety: a review.

The rapidly increasing modern industrial world demands a huge uninterrupted energy supply, where high-quality coal (HQC) is one of the major sources of the required energy. In this regard, a gigantic amount of solid waste including ash and toxic chemicals, such as heavy metals, nitrate and sulphur, gases including NOx and SOx are emitted during the direct incineration process of low-rank coal. About 10 Gt of CO and about one-fifth of total greenhouse gases in the world are emitted each year due to coal combustion in power plants, making it the single largest cause of climate change.

ZnS Quantum Dots Decorated on One-Dimensional Scaffold of MWCNT/PANI Conducting Nanocomposite as an Anode for Enzymatic Biofuel Cell.

This study aims to design a new nanocomposite as a supporting material for wiring the enzyme to develop a bioanode in the enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC). In this work, polyaniline-based nanocomposite was synthesized by in situ polymerization of aniline monomer. The zeta potential study of the nanofillers was carried out, which reveals the interaction between the nanofillers.

Platinum-coated silicotungstic acid-sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol-polyaniline based hybrid ionic polymer metal composite membrane for bending actuation applications.

An electro-stimulus-responsive bending actuator was developed by synthesizing a non-perfluorinated membrane based on silicotungstic acid (SA), sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol (SPVA), and polyaniline (PANI). The membrane was developed via solution casting method. The dry membrane SA/SPVA showed a sufficient ion-exchange potential of 1.

A review: Evolution of enzymatic biofuel cells.

Ever-growing demands for energy, the unsustainability of fossil fuel due to its scarcity and massive impact on global economies and the environment, have encouraged the research on alternative power sources to work upon for the governments, companies, and scientists across the world. Enzymatic biofuel cells (eBFCs) is one category of fuel cell that can harvest energy from biological moieties and has the future to be used as an alternative source of energy. The aim of this review is to summarize the background and state-of-the-art in the field of eBFCs.

A Selective Ratiometric Receptor 2-((E)-(3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenylimino)methyl)-4-nitrophenol for the Detection of Cuions Supported By DFT Studies.

A Schiff-base 2-((E)-(3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenylimino)methyl)-4-nitrophenol (Receptor 1) colorimetric probe was synthesized and its UV-visible and fluorescence spectral properties for the sensing of Cu ions in CHOH/HO (60:40,v/v) solvent system was explored. The Receptor 1 showed the discriminating spectral behavior with the addition of Cu ions solution. The other metal ions showed no significant effect towards Receptor 1.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Wound Healing Efficacy Using a Murine Model.

Green nanotechnology has significant applications in various biomedical science fields. In this study, green-synthesized silver nanoparticles, prepared by using and extracts, were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) synthesized from leaf extracts of and effectively inhibited the growth of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria isolated from patients with septic wound infections.

An in-silico layer-by-layer adsorption study of the interaction between Rebaudioside A and the T1R2 human sweet taste receptor: modelling and biosensing perspectives.

The human sweet taste receptor (T1R2) monomer-a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family that detects a wide variety of chemically and structurally diverse sweet tasting molecules, is known to pose a significant threat to human health. Protein that lack crystal structure is a challenge in structure-based protein design. This study focused on the interaction of the T1R2 monomer with rebaudioside A (Reb-A), a steviol glycoside with potential use as a natural sweetener using in-silico and biosensing methods.

Thermal energy storage and thermal conductivity properties of fatty acid/fatty acid-grafted-CNTs and fatty acid/CNTs as novel composite phase change materials.

In recent year, fatty acids (FAs) are heavily studied for heat storage applications and they have shown promising advantages over other organic phase change materials (PCMs). Among the FAs; capric, palmitic and stearic acids are the most studied PCMs. Several researchers have investigated these FAs and tried to improve their thermal properties, mainly by adding different high conducting fillers, such as graphite, metal foams, CNTs, graphene etc.

Simultaneous detection of ethambutol and pyrazinamide with IL@CoFeONPs@MWCNTs fabricated glassy carbon electrode.

For the first time, we report a novel electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous detection of ethambutol (ETB) and pyrazinamide (PZM) using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Emim][BF]) ionic liquid (IL) assimilated with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) decorated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFeONPs) on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The surface morphological and electrochemical properties of the IL@CoFeONPs@MWCNTs was characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) respectively. Moreover, the obtained results of CV demonstrated that the 9-folds enhancement in the electrochemical signals was achieved with IL@CoFeONPs@MWCNTs@GCE compared to that of a bare GCE.

Applications of chitosan (CHI)-reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-polyaniline (PAni) conducting composite electrode for energy generation in glucose biofuel cell.

A glassy carbon electrode (GC) immobilized with chitosan (CHI)@reduced graphene (rGO)-polyaniline (PAni)/ferritin (Frt)/glucose oxidase (GOx) bioelectrode was prepared. The prepared electrode was characterized by using cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The morphological characterization was made by scanning electron microsopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Thermal energy storage and thermal conductivity properties of Octadecanol-MWCNT composite PCMs as promising organic heat storage materials.

Fatty alcohols have been identified as promising organic phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage, because of their suitable temperature range, nontoxicity and can be obtained from both natural and synthetic sources. Like all other organic PCMs, octadecanol (OD) as PCM suffers from low thermal conductivity (TC). In this work, to enhance its TC, it was grafted on the functionalized MWCNT and were used as a conductive filler to enhance overall thermal properties of OD in a composite PCM (CPCMs) structure.

Optimization of rGO-PEI/Naph-SH/AgNWs/Frt/GOx nanocomposite anode for biofuel cell applications.

The present study reports a new nanocomposite design using surface modified silver nanowires decorated on the surface of polyethyleneimine (PEI), a cationic polymer acting as glue for anchoring nanowires and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The synthesized nanocomposite was employed as a promising electrode material for immobilization of biomolecules and effective transportation of electron, in enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFCs) application. The synthesized nanocomposite was confirmed by analytical techniques, for instance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Kinetics of Cross-Linking Reaction of Epoxy Resin with Hydroxyapatite-Functionalized Layered Double Hydroxides.

The cure kinetics analysis of thermoset polymer composites gives useful information about their properties. In this work, two types of layered double hydroxide (LDH) consisting of Mg and Zn as divalent metal ions and CO as an anion intercalating agent were synthesized and functionalized with hydroxyapatite (HA) to make a potential thermal resistant nanocomposite. The curing potential of the synthesized nanoplatelets in the epoxy resin was then studied, both qualitatively and quantitatively, in terms of the as well as using isoconversional methods, working on the basis of nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data.

Effect of cellulose nano fibers and nano clays on the mechanical, morphological, thermal and dynamic mechanical performance of kenaf/epoxy composites.

The aim of the present research work has focused on investigating the effect of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and nano clays (montmorillonite (MMT) & organoclay (OMMT)) at 0.75Wt % on the performance of kenaf/epoxy composites. Mechanical (tensile and flexural) and thermal properties of composites in terms of morphology, thermal stability, weight loss, and dynamic mechanical properties were analyzed.

Assessment of sulfonated homo and co-polyimides incorporated polysulfone ultrafiltration blend membranes for effective removal of heavy metals and proteins.

Sulfonated homo and co- polyimide (sPI) were synthesized with new compositional ratios, and used as additives (0.5 wt%, 0.75 wt%, and 1.

Application of Electrically Conducting Nanocomposite Material Polythiophene@NiO/Frt/GOx as Anode for Enzymatic Biofuel Cells.

In this work, nano-inspired nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) and polythiophene (Pth) modified bioanode was prepared for biofuel cell applications. The chemically prepared nickel oxide nanoparticles and its composite with polythiophene were characterized for elemental composition and microscopic characterization while using scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical characterizations of polythiophene@NiO composite, biocompatible mediator ferritin (Frt) and glucose oxidase (GOx) catalyst modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode were carried out using cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and charge-discharge studies.

Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles decorated on polyindole functionalized-MCNTs and used as anode material for enzymatic biofuel cell applications.

Presently, one of the most important aspects for the development of enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) is to synthesize the novel electrode materials that possess high current density, low open-circuit voltage (OCV) and long-term stability. To achieve the above attributes, lots of new strategies are being used by the researchers for the development of advanced materials. Nowadays, nanomaterials and nanocomposites are the promising material that has been utilized as effective electrode material in solar cells, supercapacitors and biofuel cells application.

Modeling of neotame and fructose thermochemistry: Comparison with mono and divalent metal ions by Computational and experimental approach.

The metal complexes can demonstrate various interesting biological activities in the human body. However, the role of certain metal ions for specific cell activities is still subject to debate. This study is aimed at comparing the thermochemical properties of neotame (artificial sweetener) and α, β-fructose in gas phase and water medium.

Nanohydroxyapatite Reinforced Chitosan Composite Hydrogel with Tunable Mechanical and Biological Properties for Cartilage Regeneration.

With the continuous quest of developing hydrogel for cartilage regeneration with superior mechanobiological properties are still becoming a challenge. Chitosan (CS) hydrogels are the promising implant materials due to an analogous character of the soft tissue; however, their low mechanical strength and durability together with its lack of integrity with surrounding tissues hinder the load-bearing application. This can be solved by developing a composite chitosan hydrogel reinforced with Hydroxyapatite Nanorods (HANr).

Polyvinylidene fluoride/sulfonated graphene oxide blend membrane coated with polypyrrole/platinum electrode for ionic polymer metal composite actuator applications.

A polyvinylidene fluoride, sulfonated graphene oxide composite membrane coated with polypyrrole (Ppy) and platinum metal (Pt) was fabricated. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis was done to analyze the functional groups present in the composite material. Deposition of PPy/Pt electrode and surface morphology of PVDF/SGO/Pt/PPy was confirmed by scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images.

Computational studies on the molecular insights of aptamer induced poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-graphene oxide for on/off- switchable whole-cell cancer diagnostics.

This work deals with first-principles and in silico studies of graphene oxide-based whole-cell selective aptamers for cancer diagnostics utilising a tunable-surface strategy. Herein, graphene oxide (GO) was constructed as a surface-based model with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) covalently grafted as an "on/off"-switch in triggering interactions with the cancer-cell protein around its lower critical solution temperature. The atomic building blocks of the aptamer and the PNIPAM adsorbed onto the GO was investigated at the density functional theory (DFT) level.