High-Throughput Screening of 3-Dimensional Co-culture Hair Follicle Mimetic Tissue with an Enhanced Extracellular Matrix for the Screening of Hair Growth-Promoting Compounds.

Hair follicle cells reside within a complex extracellular matrix (ECM) environment in vivo, where physical and chemical cues regulate their behavior. The ECM is crucial for hair follicle development and regeneration, particularly through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Current in vitro models often fail to replicate this complexity, leading to inconsistencies in evaluating hair loss treatments.

Clinical Outcomes of Secondary Duodenal Self-Expandable Metallic Stenting for Duodenal Stent Dysfunction in Patients with Malignant Duodenal Obstruction: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Background/aims: Malignant duodenal obstruction has become more common with the development of palliative therapies.The outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy (EUS-GJ) are comparable to those of surgical gastrojejunostomy or duodenal stenting. However, EUS-GJ is technically challenging.

Impact of the suprapapillary method on patency in distal malignant biliary obstruction: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Placement of a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) across the duodenal major papilla carries a risk of duodenobiliary reflux (DBR). The suprapapillary method of stent placement may reduce DBR and improve stent patency compared with the transpapillary method. This study compared the clinical outcomes between the suprapapillary and transpapillary methods for distal malignant biliary obstruction (DMBO).

Histologic features and predicting prognosis in ulcerative colitis patients with mild endoscopic activity.

Background/aims: We aimed to evaluate the histologic features predictive of prognosis and correlate them with endoscopic findings in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) having complete or partial mucosal healing (MH).

Methods: We prospectively collected and reviewed data from patients with UC who underwent colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy with biopsy. Complete and partial MH were defined as Mayo endoscopic subscores (MESs) of 0 and 1, respectively.

Novel targets of β-TrCP cooperatively accelerate carbohydrate and fatty acid consumption.

Cellular energy is primarily produced from glucose and fat through glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) followed by the tricarboxylic acid cycle in mitochondria; energy homeostasis is carefully maintained via numerous feedback pathways. In this report, we uncovered a new master regulator of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. When ubiquitin E3 ligase β-TrCP2 was inducibly knocked out in β-TrCP1 knockout adult mice, the resulting double knockout mice (DKO) lost fat mass rapidly.

Sex-specific differences in colorectal cancer: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Due to sex-specific differences in the incidence and clinical and histopathological characteristics of colorectal cancer (CRC), understanding the impact of sex on CRC may suggest sex-targeted strategies for screening, treatment, and prevention, leading to improved prognosis of CRC. However, there have been few studies investigating the sex-specific differences in CRC in the Republic of Korea. We aimed to assess sex differences in CRC in the Republic of Korea.

Effects of prior endoscopic resection on recurrence in patients with T1 colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery.

Purpose: Endoscopic resection (ER) is a reliable treatment for early colorectal cancer without lymph node metastasis. We aimed to examine the effects of ER performed prior to T1 colorectal cancer (T1 CRC) surgery by comparing long-term survival after radical surgery with prior ER to that after radical surgery alone.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent surgical resection of T1 CRC at the National Cancer Center, Korea, between 2003 and 2017.

LY6K depletion modulates TGF-β and EGF signaling.

Background: Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus K (LY6K), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, plays a dynamic role in cancer metastasis. In the current study, we deciphered the effects of LY6K on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling through clathrin- and caveolin-1 (CAV-1)-mediated endocytosis.

Methods: Analysis of the TCGA and GTEx dataset were performed to explore the expression and survival of LY6K in cancer patients.

Characterizing the consensus residue specificity and surface of BCL-2 binding to BH3 ligands using the Knob-Socket model.

Cancer cells bypass cell death by changing the expression of the BCL-2 family of proteins, which are apoptotic pathway regulators. Upregulation of pro-survival BCL-2 proteins or downregulation of cell death effectors BAX and BAK interferes with the initiation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. In normal cells, apoptosis can occur through pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins interacting and inhibiting pro-survival BCL-2 proteins.

Capecitabine and temozolomide for metastatic intermediate to high-grade pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm: a single center experience.

Background/aims: The combination of capecitabine and temozolomide (CAPTEM) is one of the treatment options for metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of CAPTEM in patients with metastatic intermediate to high-grade pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) or carcinoma (pNEC).

Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively in a single center.

Bioengineering of Hair Follicle-like Structure for Validation of Hair Growth Promoting Compounds.

We aimed to establish screening and efficacy test techniques for use in the development of hair-promoting agents. To this end, we used the dermal papilla cell (DPc)-derived immortalized cell line (SV40T-hTERT DPc) and neonatal foreskin-derived keratinocyte cell line (Ker-CT) to form an immortalized cell-based hair follicle-like structure. The SV40T-hTERT DPc spheroids exhibited a higher cell ratio in the spheroids than primary DPc spheroids, and SV40T-hTERT DPc aggregated with spheroids larger in diameter than primary DPc when the same cell number was seeded into the low-adhesion plate.

Reoperation after primary operation for pre-axial polydactyly of the hand: A 12-year experience at a single institute.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate and describe the rate, reasons, and detailed procedures of reoperations for pre-axial polydactyly of the hand at our institute conducted within 12 years.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and radiographs of 268 patients (292 digits) with pre-axial polydactyly of the hand, who were treated surgically at our institute from November 2006 to May 2018 and followed up for >12 months.

Results: Fifty-two thumbs of 47 patients underwent reoperations, yielding a 17.

Excision of Rudimentary Preaxial Polydactyly of the Hand with Use of Electrocautery.

Background: Suture ligation has been used widely for the treatment of rudimentary type extra digits, but several complications related to this treatment have been reported. The purpose of this study was to describe a new technique for excision of rudimentary preaxial polydactyly of the hand using electrocautery and assess its clinical outcomes.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective study of 34 thumbs (32 patients) that had undergone excision of rudimentary preaxial polydactyly using electrocautery under local anesthesia.

Adapted suspension tumor cells rewire metabolic pathways for anchorage-independent survival through AKT activation.

Metastatic spread of cancer cells is the main cause of cancer-related death. As cancer cells adapt themselves in a suspended state in the blood stream before penetration and regrowth at distal tissues, understanding their survival strategy in an anchorage-independent condition is important to develop appropriate therapeutics. We have previously generated adapted suspension cells (ASCs) from parental adherent cancer cells to study the characteristics of circulating tumor cells.

Clinical utility of directional eFLOW compared with contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound for assessing the vascularity of pancreatic and peripancreatic masses.

Background: Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound (CEH-EUS) can be used for the differential diagnosis of pancreatic lesions by evaluating microvascular circulation and patterns of contrast enhancement. However, routine use of CEH-EUS is limited by its high cost, the lack of contrast agent availability and the absence of expertise with this technique. Directional eFLOW (D-eFLOW) (Aloka Co.

Sea Fog Dissipation Prediction in Incheon Port and Haeundae Beach Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning.

Sea fog is a natural phenomenon that reduces the visibility of manned vehicles and vessels that rely on the visual interpretation of traffic. Fog clearance, also known as fog dissipation, is a relatively under-researched area when compared with fog prediction. In this work, we first analyzed meteorological observations that relate to fog dissipation in Incheon port (one of the most important ports for the South Korean economy) and Haeundae beach (the most populated and famous resort beach near Busan port).

Effect of pre-treatment expectations on post-treatment expectation fulfillment or outcomes in patients with distal radius fracture.

Background: The influence of patient expectations on patient-rated outcomes (PRO) after elective orthopedic procedures has been addressed in previous studies. However, the influence of pre-treatment expectations on post-treatment PRO was rarely examined in patients with extremity fractures.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if pre-treatment expectations have an effect on post-treatment expectation fulfillment or PRO in patients surgically and conservatively managed for distal radius fractures (DRFs).

TERBINAFINE PHARMACOKINETICS FOLLOWING SINGLE-DOSE ORAL ADMINISTRATION IN RED-EARED SLIDER TURTLES (): A PILOT STUDY.

In this pilot study, the pharmacokinetics of terbinafine were determined in six apparently healthy red-eared slider turtles () after a single PO administration. Terbinafine suspension (15 mg/kg, once) was administered via gavage tube to all turtles. Blood samples were collected immediately before (time 0) and at 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, and 48 h after drug administration.

Polydactyly of the thumb: a modification of the Wassel-Flatt classification.

Although the Wassel-Flatt classification system has been widely used for radial polydactyly, it has some limitations. We modified the classification system by introducing the hypoplastic types and refining the definition of triphalangeal thumb without changing the main structure of the original classification system. A total of 200 consecutive duplicated thumbs of 183 patients treated surgically from June 2016 to June 2018 were included.

Increased expression of macrophages and inflammatory cytokines at tendon origin in patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis.

Background: The success of anti-inflammatory medications and corticosteroid injections in controlling chronic lateral epicondylitis symptoms suggests an underlying inflammatory pathology that is also causative of the pain experienced by patients; however, evidence regarding inflammatory mediators and cells remains inconclusive.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study that included a total of 24 participants (10 patients and 14 controls). Extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon samples were obtained from patients, and flexor carpi radialis tendon samples were obtained from control subjects.

Effects of pancreatic resection for benign pancreatic neoplasms on pancreatic volume and endocrine function: A long-term computed tomography-based study.

Background: Pancreatic surgery may result in changes in pancreatic volume and endocrine function. The effects of pancreatic resection for benign neoplasms on pancreatic volume and endocrine function have not been established yet. This study aimed to investigate the long-term results of different pancreatic surgeries for benign pancreatic neoplasms on pancreatic volume and endocrine function.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Local Therapy for Pancreatic Neoplasms.

Surgical resection is considered the only treatment option for pancreatic cancer and other pancreatic neoplasms with malignant potential, such as neuroendocrine tumors, mucinous cystic neoplasms, and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. However, only 10%-20% of all patients with pancreatic cancer present with resectable forms of the disease as the symptoms are rarely manifested during the early stages, and the disease tends to progress rapidly. Furthermore, pancreatic surgery is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a novel analgesic with a deterrent to human opioid abuse (methadone-fluconazole-naltrexone) after oral administration in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effects of coadministration of naltrexone, a human opioid abuse deterrent, on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a methadone-fluconazole combination administered orally to dogs.

Animals: 12 healthy Beagles.

Procedures: Dogs (body weight, 10.

Structural Characterization of Black Widow Spider Dragline Silk Proteins CRP1 and CRP4.

Spider dragline silk represents a biomaterial with outstanding mechanical properties, possessing high-tensile strength and toughness. In black widows at least eight different proteins have been identified as constituents of dragline silk. These represent major ampullate spidroins MaSp1, MaSp2, MaSp', and several low-molecular weight cysteine-rich protein (CRP) family members, including CRP1, CRP2, and CRP4.