Inequalities in access to antivenom: An ethical issue in the management of snakebite envenoming.

Snakebite envenoming is a high-priority neglected tropical disease and antivenom is the cornerstone of treatment. Antivenom is listed among essential medicines and its access must be considered as a human right. Despite resolutions from various international organizations including the WHO, antivenom remains unavailable, unaffordable, and sometimes not targeted against the specific snake involved.

Single-cell sequencing unveils the impact of aging on the progenitor cell diversity in the telencephalon of the female killifish N. furzeri.

The African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) combines a short lifespan with spontaneous age-associated loss of neuro-regenerative capacity, an intriguing trait atypical for a teleost. The impact of aging on the cellular composition of the adult stem cell niches, leading to this dramatic decline in the postnatal neuro- and gliogenesis, remains elusive. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the telencephalon of young adult female killifish of the short-lived GRZ-AD strain unveiled progenitors of glial and non-glial nature, different excitatory and inhibitory neuron subtypes, as well as non-neural cell types.

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Severe Acute Adult Poisonings in French Amazonia: Urgent Need for a Toxicovigilance Monitoring Framework.

Background: Acute poisonings (AP) are a significant public health problem, accounting for a high number of emergency department visits and thousands of deaths worldwide. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology of AP in an adult population admitted to Cayenne Hospital (French Guiana) and to investigate the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: We conducted a monocentric retrospective study from January 2010 to December 2022, including patients over eighteen years of age who had been admitted to the emergency department of Cayenne Hospital for acute poisoning.

Age-related alterations in the behavioral response to a novel environment in the African turquoise killifish ().

The African turquoise killifish () has emerged as a popular model organism for neuroscience research in the last decade. One of the reasons for its popularity is its short lifespan for a vertebrate organism. However, little research has been carried out using killifish in behavioral tests, especially looking at changes in their behavior upon aging.

Mortality Trend of Severe COVID-19 in Under-Vaccinated Population Admitted to ICU in French Amazonia.

(1) Background: Until December 2021, French Guiana (FG), located in South America, faced four consecutive COVID-19 epidemic waves. This study sought to analyze the mortality trend of severe COVID-19 patients admitted to the referral ICU of FG. (2) Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational, and non-interventional study in ICU at Cayenne Hospital.

The effects of prolonged stress exposure on the brain of rats and insights to understand the impact of work-related stress on caregivers.

Introduction: Stress exposure is a significant concern in the healthcare sector. This animal model study aims to reproduce caregivers' working conditions and determine their impact on the brain.

Method: Twenty-four healthy male rats of the Wistar strain were divided into four groups.

Therapeutic Potential of Chlorhexidine-Loaded Calcium Hydroxide-Based Intracanal Medications in Endo-Periodontal Lesions: An Ex Vivo and In Vitro Study.

Endo-periodontal lesions are challenging clinical situations where both the supporting tissues and the root canal of the same tooth are infected. In the present study, chlorhexidine (CHX)-loaded calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes were used as intracanal medications (ICMs). They were prepared and tested on pathogens found in both the root canal and the periodontal pocket.

A short dasatinib and quercetin treatment is sufficient to reinstate potent adult neuroregenesis in the aged killifish.

The young African turquoise killifish has a high regenerative capacity, but loses it with advancing age, adopting several aspects of the limited form of mammalian regeneration. We deployed a proteomic strategy to identify pathways that underpin the loss of regenerative power caused by aging. Cellular senescence stood out as a potential brake on successful neurorepair.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Community-Acquired Urine Bacterial Isolates in French Amazonia.

Bacterial resistance in community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) is increasing worldwide. Our study aimed to assess the microbiological epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of community-acquired urine bacterial isolates in French Amazonia. Our study is retrospective.

Morphological Analysis of Aging Hallmarks in the Central Nervous System of the Fast-Aging African Turquoise Killifish.

As the number of elderly individuals is increasing in modern society, the need for a relevant gerontology model is higher than ever before. Aging can be defined by specific cellular hallmarks, described by López-Otín and colleagues, who provided a map which can be used to scavenge the aging tissue environment. As revealing the presence of individual hallmarks does not necessarily indicate aging, here we provide different (immuno)histochemical approaches that can be used to investigate several aging hallmarks-namely, genomic damage, mitochondrial dysfunction/oxidative stress, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication-in the killifish retina, optic tectum, and/or telencephalon at a morphological level.

Preparation of High-Viability Single-Cell Suspensions from African Turquoise Killifish Brain Tissue.

Studying the brain at the single-cell level has become increasingly popular in recent years. This, however, remains challenging, especially in emerging model organisms. To carry out single-cell sequencing, the preparation of a high-viability single-cell suspension is critical.

Bothrops (Fer-de-lance) snakebites in the French departments of the Americas (Martinique and Guyana): Clinical and experimental studies and treatment by immunotherapy.

Snakebite envenomation is a relevant medical hazard in French Guiana and Martinique, two French territories in the Americas. All snakebite envenomations in Martinique are inflicted by the endemic viperid species Bothrops lanceolatus, whereas Bothrops atrox is responsible for the majority of snakebites in French Guiana, although other venomous snake species also occur in this South American territory. This review summarizes some of the key aspects of the natural history of these species, as well as of their venom composition, the main clinical manifestations of envenomations, and their treatment by antivenoms.

Impact of Antibiotic Consumption on the Acquisition of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Carriage during the COVID-19 Crisis in French Guiana.

(1) Background: During the COVID-19 outbreak, several studies showed an increased prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing (ESBL-PE) carriage in intensive care units (ICUs). Our objective was to assess the impact of antibiotic prescriptions on the acquisition of ESBL-PE in ICUs during the COVID-19 crisis. (2) Methods: We conducted an observational study between 1 April 2020, and 31 December 2021, in the medical-surgical ICU of the Cayenne General Hospital.

Clinical outcome of wild-type AmpC-producing Enterobacterales infection in critically ill patients treated with β-lactams: a prospective multicenter study.

Background: β-lactams are the main antibiotics used against wild-type AmpC-producing Enterobacterales (wtAE). However, they may fail or select AmpC-overproducing mutants. Our aim was to assess factors associated with clinical failure of β-lactams in the treatment of wtAE infection.

Characteristics of Snakebite-Related Infection in French Guiana.

Wound infection is frequently reported following snakebite (SB). This study is retrospective. It was conducted in the emergency department and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Cayenne General Hospital between 1 January 2016 and 31 July 2021.

Prior Carriage Predicts Intensive Care Unit Infections Caused by Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Intensive care unit-acquired infection (ICU-AI) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) carriage are a major concern worldwide. Our objective was to investigate the impact of ESBL-PE carriage on ICU-AI. Our study was prospective, observational, and noninterventional.

Adherent-Invasive and Non-Invasive Isolates Differ in Their Effects on Lifespan.

The adherent-invasive (AIEC) pathotype has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases in general and in Crohn's disease (CD) in particular. AIEC strains are primarily characterized by their ability to adhere to and invade intestinal epithelial cells. However, the genetic and phenotypic features of AIEC isolates vary greatly as a function of the strain's clonality, host factors, and the gut microenvironment.

Aging impairs the essential contributions of non-glial progenitors to neurorepair in the dorsal telencephalon of the Killifish Nothobranchius furzeri.

The aging central nervous system (CNS) of mammals displays progressive limited regenerative abilities. Recovery after loss of neurons is extremely restricted in the aged brain. Many research models fall short in recapitulating mammalian aging hallmarks or have an impractically long lifespan.

The killifish visual system as an in vivo model to study brain aging and rejuvenation.

Worldwide, people are getting older, and this prolonged lifespan unfortunately also results in an increased prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, contributing to a diminished life quality of elderly. Age-associated neuropathies typically include diseases leading to dementia (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease), as well as eye diseases such as glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Despite many research attempts aiming to unravel aging processes and their involvement in neurodegeneration and functional decline, achieving healthy brain aging remains a challenge.